Selected Dialectal Pronouns from South-Eastern Poland (Outline)
The author of this article discusses the structure, origin and functions of dialectal pronouns which occur in the local dialect of ...Posada Jaśliska near Krosno. Posada Jaśliska is a village of three cultures: Polish, Lemko and Slovakian. The author describes mutual influences of these three languages on shaping the collection of pronouns, with particular emphasis on the pronouns that are typical of this area or known only in this place: definite ones, such as haw ‘here’ and het ‘very far, somewhere, from somewhere, away’, and indefinite pronouns, such as dakto ‘whoever’, dagdzie ‘wherever’.
Coś innego (Something Else) Is Different than co innego (Something Different). These and Similar Issues
The article discusses the opposition between Polish pronouns ending with -ś and corresponding ...pronouns which lack this exponent. Such an opposition can be noticed in the combinations of units of both types with the expressions: inny/indziej (else/other), (e.g. ktoś inny : kto inny, coś innego : co innego, gdzieś indziej : gdzie indziej, kiedyś indziej : kiedy indziej, etc.), as well as in some modal contexts (e.g. Potrzebuję kogoś do pomocy vs. Potrzebuję kogo do pomocy, i. e. ‘I need someone to help me’). The author of the article claims that pronouns in such pairs do not possess the same meaning, as they differ semantically and, in some cases, also pragmatically. The semantic difference between them comes down to the key contrast between the subject being spoken of and what is said about the subject. In the contexts under consideration, the pronouns ending with -ś are indexes used to denote objects in the world, while those belonging to the other type only pretend to occupy the positions of the predicate arguments, which are neither specified nor implemented. The article also considers the possibility of treating the analyzed types of expressions not as sets of separate lexemes, but rather as products of adequate operations that should be properly described.
Povzemalni zaimki v oziralnih odvisnikih Marko Hladnik
Jezikoslovni zapiski : zbornik Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša,
07/2018, Letnik:
24, Številka:
1
Journal Article
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Prispevek v okviru tvorbene slovnice obravnava povzemalne zaimke v oziralnih odvisnikih v slovenščini in nekaterih ostalih slovanskih jezikih. Odvisniki z veznikom in s k‑zaimkom se oboji pojavljajo ...tako s povzemanjem kot brez njega, vendar raba povzemalnih zaimkov pričakovano ni poljubna. Te različne vzorce pojavljanja razčlenimo in predlagamo izpeljavo oziralnih zgradb ter pojasnimo mehanizme, ki pripeljejo do pojava povzemanja.
Prispevek je nadaljevanje objav, posvečenih analizi kanaliziranega diskurza. Kanaliziranje se šteje za poseben diskurz, ki ima v jedru predstavljanje začetnika diskurza. Opravljena raziskava ...dokazuje, da se avtor vzpostavlja z zaimki jaz in midva ter mi v ustreznih vlogah ter s podobnimi egocentričnimi izrazi samopredstavljanja.
The author elaborates the thesis that pronouns, as a “pars orationis”, function as a universal system of reference in their respective linguistic code. She gives a short review of three pronominal ...subsystems in Polish from the point of view of their referential function: (a) definite pronouns, i.e. the basic means of referential identification; including personal, possessive and demonstrative pronouns, (b) indefinite pronouns, and (c) relative-interrogative pronouns.
InTheoretical and Experimental Aspects of Syntax-Discourse Interface in Heritage Grammars,Tanya Ivanova-Sullivan investigates comprehension and production of anaphoric dependencies in heritage ...Russian. She explains the representational and processing mechanisms behind the divergent behaviour of the experimental group.
Pričujoči članek se osredotoča na kontrastivno analizo francoskih nedoločnih določevalnikov in slovenskih samostalniških in pridevniških zaimkov. Članek se omejuje na standardno generično in delno ...generično interpretacijo izbranih nedoločnih zaimkov (tout(e/s), chaque, quelque, plusieurs, certains in vsi, vsak, nekaj, več, nekateri) in proučuje njihov semantični, sintaktični in pragmatični vpliv na obe interpretaciji.V primerjavi obeh interpretacij proučujemo tudi, kako lahko položaj nedoločnega določevalnika, glede na to, ali se pojavlja v osebku ali predmetu, vpliva na končno interpretacijo. Analizirani so tudi primeri, iz katerih je razvidna nesprejemljivost ponovitve enega nedoločnega določevalnika v istem stavku, in primeri, kjer je včasih nemogoče ohraniti enako interpretacijo v obeh jezikih.Namen članka je pokazati podobnosti in razlike generične interpretacije v obeh jezikih. Kljub temu, da francoščina ima člen s katerim lažje izraža generičnost kot slovenščina, ki členov nima, pa v nobenem od jezikov ne obstajajo specifična jezikovna znamenja za izražanje generičnosti. Prikazano je, da na generičnost ne vpliva oblika, temveč v veliki meri interpretacija (konteksta in situacije) stavka.
Funkcija staroperzijskega zaimka aita Luka Repanšek
Jezikoslovni zapiski : zbornik Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša,
07/2018, Letnik:
23, Številka:
2
Journal Article
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Obravnavana je vloga kazalnega zaimka aita v opisno tridimenzionalnem sistemu deikse, kakršno je mogoče razbrati iz ohranjenih staroperzijskih klinopisnih besedil. Njegova doslej neeksaktno ...prepoznana funkcija v odnosu do obeh protipolnih demonstrativnih zaimkov za bližnjo in daljno deikso je definirana preko interne rekonstrukcije sinhronega sistema, hkrati z njegovo genezo pa utemeljena in podprta s staroindoiranskim, zlasti v tem pogledu bistvenim vedskostaroindijskim primerjalnim gradivom.
V prispevku je predstavljena raba naglasnih in naslonskih oblik nepovratnih osebnih zaimkov v slovenskem knjižnem jeziku 16. stoletja. Predstavljene so zveze, kjer je bila raba enih ali drugih ...ustaljena, v preostalih primerih pa so izpostavljene razlike med posameznimi avtorji in znotraj njihovih del tudi med posameznimi zaimki in skloni. Primerjalno je opisano tudi predhodno stanje v stari cerkveni slovanščini in v ohranjenih starejših slovenskih rokopisnih spomenikih. V zaključku so ovrednotene možne razlage za tovrstno rabo v 16. stoletju.
The paper analyses the semantic-syntactic description of expressions of the ten i ten, tak a tak (‘such and such’, ‘so and so’) type. These are not units of language but rather constructions which ...result from the filling of slots meant for anaphoric pronouns in such arrangements as _i i _i and _i a _i. In contrast to the _i i _j arrangement, the discussed idiomatic constructions express a reference to single elements, and hence are not tautological. The paper formulates the following hypotheses: a) expressions of this kind are used in sentences which refer to a different act of speech (potential or real) but instead of designating an element in the current utterance, they recount a reference made in the adduced utterance; b) the analysed constructions act as “position markers” in a sentence, but despite that, they cannot be interpreted as logical variables because they preserve the characteristics of linguistic expressions.
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