Na teritoriji Jugoslavije tokom Drugog svetskog rata u sastavu nemačkih oružanih snaga delovao je i jedan broj kozačkih formacija, čije su kretanje i borbena dejstva već bili predmet interesovanja ...naučne istoriografije i publicistike. Nasuprot većini objavljenih radova, koji se uglavnom oslanjaju na vojne izvore nemačkog porekla i u središtu interesovanja imaju raspored i operativna dejstva protiv partizana, ovaj rad nastoji da pruži drugačiju perspektivu i aktivnost Prve kozačke konjičke divizije na prostoru Nezavisne Države Hrvatske (NDH) prikaže iz ugla oštećenih civila i hrvatskih vlasti. Ova perspektiva nedvosmisleno oslikava Kozake kao beskompromisne i izuzetno efikasne borce protiv komunista i ustanika, ali i kao nedisciplinovane nasilnike koji gotovo u svakoj prilici iza sebe ostavljaju trag ratnih zločina: pljačke, ubistva, silovanja i maltretiranja civila. Rad se najvećim delom bazira na neobjavljenim istorijskim izvorima pohranjenim u Vojnom arhivu i Arhivu Jugoslavije.
Zločini protiv čovječnosti Omerović, Enis; Grande, Andrea
Zbornik radova Pravnog fakulteta u Splitu,
07/2022, Letnik:
59, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
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S obzirom na aktuelnost rada Komisije Ujedinjenih nacija (UN) za međunarodno pravo (ILC) u cilju donošenja Nacrta Pravila (Članova) o zločinima protiv čovječnosti te usvajanja, kao krajnjega smisla i ...svrhe, mnogostranoga međunarodnoga ugovora (konvencije) o sprječavanju i kažnjavanju zločina protiv čovječnosti, ovaj članak ima prvobitno za cilj rekonstruirati redoslijed događaja i teorijske okvire koji su oblikovali dosadašnji kontekst tumačenja i primjene navedene skupine međunarodnih zločina, čija je inkriminacija radnji izvršenja nastajala i razvijala se poglavito kao opće običajno međunarodno pravo, i koja su pojmovna određenja najrazličitijih oblika zločina protiv čovječnosti usvajana u statutima međunarodnih krivičnih tribunala, Rimskome statutu Međunarodnoga krivičnoga suda (ICC) te internacionaliziranim sudištima. Također, i najvažnije, rad ima za cilj – na osnovu datoga konteksta – problematizirati određene implikacije u pružanim definicijama. Posebna pažnja će se posvetiti, prije svega, dugotrajnoj poveznici zločina protiv čovječnosti i oružanih sukoba, kako bi se naknadno doveo u pitanje smjer kretanja novih uvjeta postojanja napada. Zaključno će se, namjerom upotpunjavanja cjelokupne teorijske pozadine, dalje analizirati mogućnosti dijelom drugačije kategorizacije i tumačenja radnji ovoga međunarodnoga zločina stricto sensu i mogućih odgovornih počinitelja za odnosni zločin.
Considering the actuality of the work of the International Law Commission (ILC) of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of making Draft Articles on crimes against humanity and adopting, as a final sense and purpose, a multilateral international treaty (convention) on the prevention and punishment of crimes against humanity, this article has as a primary goal the reconstruction of the order of events and theoretical frames that shaped the current interpretation and application context of the mentioned international crime(s), whose incrimination of the acts has appeared and developed mainly as general customary international law, and whose conceptual definitions of different forms of this crime have been adopted in statutes of international criminal tribunals, in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and in internationalized courts and tribunals. Hence, and most importantly, this paper aims to – based on the given context – problematize certain implications in the provided definitions. Particular attention will be given to the long-lasting connection between crimes against humanity and armed conflicts, so to additionally question the direction of the new conditions of existence of an attack. Conclusively, with the intention of completing the entire theoretical background, possibilities of different categorization and interpretation of the acts of this international crime stricto sensu will be analysed, as well as the possible responsible perpetrators for the respective crime, with eventual changes and additions.
In order to take control of the entire Prijedor Municipality, Serbian military and police forces conducted attacks on areas in which Bosniaks or Croats were the majority population. Thus, Kozarac and ...its surroundings were attacked on 24 May 1992, soon followed by the Ljubija area. From 24 to 26 May 1992, the Serbian authorities formed the camps Omarska, Keraterm, and Trnopolje as well as several other places of internment. Captive Bosniaks and Croats from the city and municipality of Prijedor were brought and imprisoned there. The municipality was completely conquered in the second half of July 1992, when the Bosniak and Croat villages on the left bank of the Sana were attacked. According to data gathered thus far, 3,173 Bosniaks and Croats were killed on the territory of Prijedor Municipality.Victims of all the mentioned crimes included children and minors, killed exclusively due to their national or religious affiliation. In addition, many were subjected to imprisonment, expulsion, or other forms of crime. This paper is focused on the murders of 102 children and minors, based on records of missing and exhumed persons. The dates of their disappearances were recorded based on when their families reported them, which does not necessarily mean they were killed on those dates. The discovery of their remains during the exhumations and the fact that these bodies, and those that have yet to be exhumed, have been recorded in the database of the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) are proof of the murders of said children and minors.
In the last stages of World War II and in the immediate post-war period Yugoslav communists led a well-organized policy of destruction of the “traitors of the people and state”. In fact they wanted ...to destroy and repress any resistance to the new communist authorities. The first stage in the retribution against anticommunist forces occurred in late 1944, after Tito’s communists forces captured Serbia. In spring of 1945 Tito’s army captured and liquidated a large number of Croatian and Slovenian anticommunist forces, as well as those Serbs who previously fled from Serbia to Slovenia. The consequences of World War II in Yugoslavia were very difficult and they were made worse by large scale post-war executions of all real and also potential enemies of the communists. Major role in the mass liquidation of anticommunist forces was played by new Yugoslav state security police (Department for the protection of people). During Yugoslavia under communists rule their victims were systematically erased from public memory. Only after the fall of communism and breakup of Yugoslav state the fate of victims of the Yugoslav communist regime has become subject of research of historian in the post-Yugoslav states.
To stand up against Nazi ideas of biologized “ethnicity” and antisemitism required a heroic disposition in individuals who did not allow themselves to have their basic humanity destroyed by such ...ideologies, even as the latter were backed by formidable political and religious power and sweepingly popular beliefs. The men and women presented in the first part of the book have already been recognised as Righteous Among Nations for their brave humanitarian acts during WWII, a title bestowed by the Yad Vashem World Center for Holocaust Research, Education, Documentation and Commemoration. Part Two brings the stories about people who were also saving Jews that were not recognised as Righteous yet, but some among them are candidates.
To stand up against Nazi ideas of biologized “ethnicity” and antisemitism required a heroic disposition in individuals who did not allow themselves to have their basic humanity destroyed by such ...ideologies, even as the latter were backed by formidable political and religious power and sweepingly popular beliefs. The men and women presented in the first part of the book have already been recognised as Righteous Among Nations for their brave humanitarian acts during WWII, a title bestowed by the Yad Vashem World Center for Holocaust Research, Education, Documentation and Commemoration. Part Two brings the stories about people who were also saving Jews that were not recognised as Righteous yet, but some among them are candidates.
U radu se kratko opisuje i pokušava analizirati psihološke stanje čuvara u logoru Jasenovac i njegovih zatočenika te njihove međusobne odnose i doticaje u takvim okolnostima
Dežela senc Luthar, Oto; Pogačar, Martin
2015
eBook
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The Land of Shadows was first conceived as a complementary resource for History classes in Slovenian high schools. It served to complement to the patchy Holocaust teaching resources. It consists of ...two parts: the first part features a historical overview of anti-Semitism and eventually the Holocaust in Europe, which is followed by an account of the situation in Slovenia. The authors relied on the life-story of Mrs Erika Fürst, one of the Holocaust survivors from Prekmurje, Slovenia. In creating a compelling and touching narrative, the authors used visual material from the archives and from various publications depicting the period and the problematic, notably excerpts from two graphic novels: Art Speigelman’s Maus, Jason Lutes’ Berlin.
Članak polemizira s pojedininim zaključcima i tvrdnjama povjesničara Bojana Dimitrijevića i Nemanje Devića o broju pripadnika JVuO i gubitcima snaga JVuO u borbama protiv JA u srednjoj i jugoistočnoj ...Bosni, od 30. travnja do 11. svibnja 1945., uoči
odsutne bitke između četnika i partizana na Zelengori od 12. do 15. svibnja iste godine. Autor na osnovu arhivskih izvora iznosi tezu da su snage JVuO uoči razdvajanja na dva dijela, 10. svibnja, brojale između 5 500 i 6 000 pripadnika te da se 12. svibnja na
Zelengoru probilo do 3 500 četnika. Također, autor ukazuje na zločine JVuO tokom marša kroz srednju Bosnu, koje Dimitrijević i Dević izbjegavaju spomenuti.
O participaciji Domobranstva NDH (do jeseni 1942. – Hrvatsko domobranstvo) u zločinima na području NDH vrlo je malo pisano u historiografiji. Stereotipizirana predstava o tome da su ustaše počinili ...sve ili skoro sve zločine koje su počinile Oružane snage Nezavisne Države Hrvatske (OS NDH) još uvijek je dominantna predodžba kako u kolektivnom sjećanju tako i u historiografiji. Kada je riječ o percepciji prošlosti Slavonije u Drugom svjetskom ratu, naročito brdske Slavonije, opstaje isti stereotip pri čemu se ustašama pripisuju ne samo zločini Domobranstva već i zločini njemačke SS-policije. Masakr kod Kamenskog Vučjaka 22.–24. ožujka 1943. možda je najbolja ilustracija tog stereotipa. Ovaj rad predstavlja prilog poznavanju slabo poznate teme zločina Domobranstva na tlu Slavonije.
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