Many factors affect the quality of the graduation thesis. Taking universities in Yunnan as an example, this paper builds on the actual situation of the quality of undergraduate graduation thesis of economics and management, combined with the existing research results, and constructs a structural equation model of factors affecting the quality of undergraduate graduation thesis of economics and management. The path coefficients of various impact factors are obtained, and then the countermeasures for improving the quality of undergraduate graduation thesis in economics and management are proposed. The research results can not only provide the decision-making basis for the relevant policies for universities to regulate the quality of graduation thesis in economics and management, but also provide a basis for evaluating the quality of graduation thesis in economics and management Route selection prompt direction.