An introductory text is presented for the research of methodology in social sciences & humanities, concentrating on different theories of truth developed throughout the history of philosophy. Proceeding from the classical theories of truth & evidence, attention is focused on the objectivity of the world in Hegelian & Marxist monistic philosophy. The active role of language in cognition & the origin of formal logic is emphasized. Only two paradigms exist for science: Plato's (mathematical) & Aristotle's (theological). The relationships between inductive & deductive reasoning & between empiricism & rationalism are discussed. The methodology of the natural sciences should not be the model for all sciences; social sciences & the humanities must develop their own methodologies. Modified HA