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  • Konektori i druge diskursne...
    Hržica, Gordana; Košutar, Sara; Posavec, Kristina

    FLUMINENSIA, 2021, Letnik: 33, Številka: 1
    Journal Article, Paper

    Govorenje i pisanje dva su modaliteta jezične proizvodnje različitih obilježja koji pružaju različite izražajne mogućnosti te se zasnivaju se na različitim jezičnim zakonitostima. Razlike između modaliteta očituju se u uporabi jezičnih sredstava kojima se uspostavljaju odnosi na nadrečeničnoj razini, to jest konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka. Dosadašnja su istraživanja pokazala da se uporaba konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka razlikuje s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Mnogi oblici upotrebljavaju se i u pisanome i govorenome modalitetu, ali s različitim funkcijama, dok su neki drugi ograničeni na jedan jezični modalitet. S obzirom na nedostatak sličnih istraživanja u hrvatskome, u ovome su se istraživanju željele ispitati razlike u uporabi konektora i ostalih diskursnih oznaka s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Sukladno prijašnjim istraživanjima, očekivale su se razlike u čestoti konektora i diskursnih oznaka s obzirom na jezični modalitet. Istraživanje je provedeno na Hrvatskome nacionalnom korpusu (pisani jezik) te na Hrvatskome korpusu govornog jezika (govoreni jezik). Dobiveni su rezultati većim dijelom sukladni dosadašnjim istraživanjima, to jest pronađena je veća čestota diskursnih oznaka koje nisu konektori u govorenome korpusu te su se pojedini konektori i diskursne oznake pojavili u samo jednome od korpusa. Utvrđeno je i da se konektori pojavljuju češće u govorenome korpusu, a taj je rezultat u suprotnosti s prvotnom pretpostavkom o većoj čestoti tih oblika u pisanome korpusu. Rezultate provedenoga istraživanja potrebno je tumačiti u svjetlu žanrovskih osobitosti, stupnja formalnosti i interakcije. Speaking and writing are two language production modalities that have different characteristics, expressive possibilities, and language principles. They differ in language devices that establish the relations on the level higher than the level of sentence, e.g., connectives and other discourse markers. Previous studies showed that the usage of connectives and other discourse markers differs regarding the language modality. Many forms are used in both spoken and written modality, though with different functions, while others are limited to only one language modality. Given the lack of similar research in Croatian, the aim of this study was to examine the differences in the usage of connectives and other discourse markers with respect to the language modality. Following previous research, differences in the frequency of connectives and other discourse markers in written and spoken modality were expected. It was also expected that some connectives and discourse markers would be limited to only one language modality. Corpus based research was conducted using a written (Croatian National Corpus) and a spoken corpus (Croatian Adult Spoken Language Corpus). The obtained results are largely in line with previous studies. A higher frequency of discourse markers was found in the spoken corpus, and some connectives and discourse markers were limited to only one or the other of the corpora. Contradictory to the initial assumption that connectives would be more frequent in the written corpus, the frequency of connectives was higher in the spoken corpus. The results of this research should be interpreted in the light of genre characteristics, the degree of formality and interaction.