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  • THE Subcontract
    Appel, Hannah

    The Licit Life of Capitalism, 12/2019
    Book Chapter

    By the time I came to know Eduardo in 2008, he had been a Voxa employee for three years. Voxa is an Equatoguinean-owned subcontracting firm whose business it is to provide local laborers to international oil and oil services companies, a labor-brokering niche widely referred to in the global oil industry and beyond as a “body shop.”¹ Foreign firms with operations in Equatorial Guinea pay Voxa per worker hired; Voxa takes a cut of each payment, and then pays their employees what remains. Among other contractual stipulations, the body shop guarantees the cleanliness, sobriety, and punctuality of the workers they