This study was conducted to investigate the actual situation of eating disorders in female esthetic athletes and to examine the relationship between their eating behavior and their coping behavior when in stressful situations. The subjects were 131 female university athletes engaged in high-level cheerleading, song leading, creative dance, rhythmic gymnastics, and gymnastics (average age 19.8 ± 1.01 years). We asked them how they perceive expectations from others, whether or not they are willing to live up to such expectations, whether or not they think that their current body shape is suitable for competition, and the number of meals eaten per day. We also asked them to complete the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). The threshold value in the original EAT-26 is 20 points; however, it has been pointed out that a more suitable threshold for Japanese people is 15. Therefore, in our analysis, we set 15 points as the threshold value. The results suggested that 41.7% of our subjects were at high risk of eating disorders. A comparison by event revealed that rhythmic gymnastics athletes were at the highest risk. Furthermore, among athletes who considered their current body shape to be less than adequate for competing in their event, those who ate fewer than 3 meals per day showed a higher risk of suffering from eating disorders. Athletes who adopted coping behaviors while prioritizing emotional control in stressful situations were at higher risk of eating disorders. Finally, we assessed various means of preventing eating disorders in this cohort.