Municipal register books, inventories, and church registers are among the key historical anthroponymic sources of Lithuanian townspeople. The most notableamong these sources are 24 register books of Kėdainiai written intheLatin and Polish languages. Thedata of research are148recordings of Kėdainiai women.Thearticle aims to establish and comparethe naming system (of women) used in Kėdainiai of the 17th–18th centuries, underlining more characteristic Polonisationevents of their personal names.The Polonisation of Lithuanian anthroponyms are among the main factors affecting their records.The followingmajor research methods are used to discuss the data ofhistorical anthroponymy: descriptive, reconstructive and comparative. In the 17th century, women were mostly recorded using four anthroponyms, and in the 18th century, only two personal names (i.e., a first name and a surname or replacing the latter with an anthroponym ) were used. Traditional Christian names were predominant among the studied recordings.