N‐doped carbon nanomaterials have rapidly grown as the most important metal‐free catalysts in a wide range of chemical and electrochemical reactions. This current report summarizes the latest advances in N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts prepared by N mono‐doping and co‐doping with other heteroatoms. The structure–performance relationship of these materials is subsequently rationalized and perspectives on developing more efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts from carbon nanomaterials are also suggested. N‐doped carbon nanomaterials have recently emerged as the most important metal‐free catalysts in electrochemical catalysis. The latest advances in N‐doped carbon electrocatalysts prepared by N mono‐doping and co‐doping with other heteroatoms are summarized and the structure−performance relationship of these materials is rationalized. Perspectives on developing more efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts from carbon nanomaterials are also suggested.