We describe the case of a surgeon, who pricked himself with a needle used to drain a paravertebral abscess in a patient from Sudan. He lost this patient at follow up. Six weeks later, the surgeon developed oedema of his left hand and wrist. He started antibiotics, amoxicillin/clavulanate plus ciprofloxacin 2 weeks, without any improvement. He came to our centre for examination, and by chance his patient had been admitted to our ward the day before, and had died during the night of disseminated tuberculosis. The surgeon was treated with rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide (3 drugs 2 months, followed by rifampin plus isoniazid for further 7 months) with rapid improvement. He could start his job again after 5 months. To our knowledge, this is the first case of inoculation tuberculosis transmitted to a surgeon, while other cases in health care workers (internists, pathologists, nurses...) have already been well described.