Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peripheral blood markers as additional diagnostic tools to transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) findings in the diagnosis of endometriosis. Methods: This study included 40 patients undergoing laparoscopy for suspected endometriosis from January to December 2012. Preoperative levels of serum CA125, CA19-9, CEA and mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF were obtained. Real-time PCR was used to determine relative gene expression. A new diagnostic score was obtained by deploying the peripheral blood markers to the TVU findings. Statistical methods used were Chi-square, Fisher’s, Student’s t-test or the Mann - Whitney test. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in serum CA125, survivin and VEGF levels in patients with endometriosis and those without endometriosis (p<0.001, p=0.025 and p=0.009, respectively). False negative TVU findings were noted in 3/13 patients (23.1%) with peritoneal endometriosis without ovaries involvement. High sensitivity (93.3%), specificity (90.0%), PPV (96.6%), NPV (81.8%) and accuracy (92.5%) were obtained for a diagnostic score based on TVU and significant peripheral blood markers (CA125, survivin and VEGF). Conclusions: Determination of serum CA125, mRNA expression levels for survivin and VEGF along with TVU can contribute to higher accuracy of the noninvasive diagnostic tools for endometriosis. Uvod: Cilj ovog istraživanja je da se ispita značaj određiva­nja koncentracija serumskih biomarkera (CA125, CA19-9, CEA i ekspresije iRNK za survivin i VEGF) zajedno sa trans- vaginalnim ultrazvučnim pregledom (TVU) prilikom dijag- nostikovanja endometrioze. Metode: Ova studija obuhvata 40 pacijentkinja kojima je zbog sumnje|na postojanje endometrioze urađena dijagno­stička laparoskopija sa patohistološkom analizom u jedno­godišnjem periodu od januara 2012. do decembra 2013. Preoperativno su određivane koncentracije CA125, CA19- 9, CEA kao i nivoi ekspresije iRNK za survivin i VEGF. Real- time PCR je korišćen za određivanje relativne ekspresije gena. Određivanjem vrednosti serumskih biomarkera zajedno sa TVU dobijen je novi dijagnostički skor. Statis­tičke metode koje su korišćene su Hi kvadratni test, Fishe- rov, Studentov t test ili Mann-Whitney test. Rezultati: Postoji statistički značajna razlika u serumskoj koncentraciji CA125, survivina i nivoa VEGF kod paci­jentkinja sa endometriozom i onih bez endometrioze (p<0,001, p=0,025 i p=0,009). Lažno negativan nalaz TVU zabeležen je kod 3/13 pacijenata (23,1%) sa perito- nealnom endometriozom. Visoka osetljivost (93,3%), spe­cifičnost (90,0%), PPV (96,6%), NPV (81,8%) i tačnost (92,5%) postižu se određivanjem koncentracija serumskih biomarkera (CA125, survivin i VEGF) i TVU. Zaključak: Određivanje serumskih koncentracija CA125, nivoa ekspresije iRNK za survivin i VEGF zajedno sa TVU od velikog je kliničkog značaja u neinvazivnoj dijagnostici endometrioze.