In this essay we dealt with regulation of material conditions for establishing adoption, divided into three groups: those that refer to the adoptee, those that refer to adopters and those mutually obligatory. We applied comparative analysis, thus making the adoption rules of European countries included, aside from our own. We analyzed the solutions proposed in the Pre-draft of the Serbian Civil Code, from the perspective of numerous benefits that are gained by adoption. We concluded that the domestic regulations that define material conditions for establishing adoption mostly consist of satisfying the needs of modern society, but that certain improvements in the sphere of conditions regarding the adopter are necessary.