The article presents a report on empirical research on the issue of aggressive and violent behaviour of children towards parents against the background of family conditions, conducted in primary schools in Chelm, in the Lubelskie Voivodeship. This issue remains unsolved and requires reliable theoretical and methodological (re)interpretations. Family problems cannot be easily assessed in an objective manner. An obstacle in providing information about aggression and violence on the part of one's own children is usually the feeling of guilt experienced by the parents themselves. Dilemmas connected with the introduction of the young generation into the world of adults, with the education of children and young people, are one of the most important and difficult problems in social life. Quite often are we dealing with examples of helplessness of parents and educators in the face of pathological situations that take place in family and school environments, in peer groups, on the streets and housing estates of our cities.