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Sarkar, Sovan; Floto, R. Andres; Berger, Zdenek; Imarisio, Sara; Cordenier, Axelle; Pasco, Matthieu; Cook, Lynnette J; Rubinsztein, David C
The Journal of cell biology, 09/2005, Letnik: 170, Številka: 7Journal Article
Macroautophagy is a key pathway for the clearance of aggregate-prone cytosolic proteins. Currently, the only suitable pharmacologic strategy for up-regulating autophagy in mammalian cells is to use rapamycin, which inhibits the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a negative regulator of autophagy. Here we describe a novel mTOR-independent pathway that regulates autophagy. We show that lithium induces autophagy, and thereby, enhances the clearance of autophagy substrates, like mutant huntingtin and alpha-synucleins. This effect is not mediated by glycogen synthase kinase 3{szligbeta} inhibition. The autophagy-enhancing properties of lithium were mediated by inhibition of inositol monophosphatase and led to free inositol depletion. This, in turn, decreased myo-inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate (IP₃) levels. Our data suggest that the autophagy effect is mediated at the level of (or downstream of) lowered IP₃, because it was abrogated by pharmacologic treatments that increased IP₃. This novel pharmacologic strategy for autophagy induction is independent of mTOR, and may help treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, like Huntington's disease, where the toxic protein is an autophagy substrate.
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JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP | JCR | SNIP |
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in: SICRIS
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