El valor de la grana, que sirve para obtener el preciado color rojo para teñir lanas y sedas, permite reflexionar sobre la conexión existente entre los ecosistemas donde se recogía este recurso natural, los campesinos, la gobernanza de las ciudades y pueblos y el interés del mercado. Abstract This article studies the use of what was known as grana (carmine dye from cochineal insects) in Western Andalusia during the fifteenth century. Through the value of grana which was used to obtain the precious red pigment for dyeing wool and silk, we will reflect on the connection between the ecosystem where this natural resource was collected, the peasants, the governance of cities and towns, as well as the role of the market. A mayor abundamiento y en opinión de Maria Ginatempo, los recursos naturales fueron: via via alienate a privati o al contrario statualizzate e trasformate in pingui entrate per l'erario (e magari poi dallo stato rimesse a disposizione degli investimenti e profitti privati), comunque sottratte all'uso libero e alle regolamentazioni degli uomini del territorio cui pertenevano4.