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Vétizou, Marie; Pitt, Jonathan M.; Daillère, Romain; Lepage, Patricia; Waldschmitt, Nadine; Flament, Caroline; Rusakiewicz, Sylvie; Routy, Bertrand; Roberti, Maria P.; Duong, Connie P. M.; Poirier-Colame, Vichnou; Roux, Antoine; Becharef, Sonia; Formenti, Silvia; Golden, Encouse; Cording, Sascha; Eberl, Gerard; Schlitzer, Andreas; Ginhoux, Florent; Mani, Sridhar; Yamazaki, Takahiro; Jacquelot, Nicolas; Enot, David P.; Bérard, Marion; Nigou, Jérôme; Opolon, Paule; Eggermont, Alexander; Woerther, Paul-Louis; Chachaty, Elisabeth; Chaput, Nathalie; Robert, Caroline; Mateus, Christina; Kroemer, Guido; Raoult, Didier; Boneca, Ivo Gomperts; Carbonnel, Franck; Chamaillard, Mathias; Zitvogel, Laurence
Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science), 11/2015, Letnik: 350, Številka: 6264Journal Article
Antibodies targeting CTLA-4 have been successfully used as cancer immunotherapy. We find that the antitumor effects of CTLA-4 blockade depend on distinct Bacteroides species. In mice and patients, T cell responses specific for B. thetaiotaomicron or B. fragilis were associated with the efficacy of CTLA-4 blockade. Tumors in antibiotic-treated or germ-free mice did not respond to CTLA blockade. This defect was overcome by gavage with B. fragilis, by immunization with B. fragilis polysaccharides, or by adoptive transfer of B. fragilis–specific T cells. Fecal microbial transplantation from humans to mice confirmed that treatment of melanoma patients with antibodies against CTLA-4 favored the outgrowth of B. fragilis with anticancer properties. This study reveals a key role for Bacteroidales in the immunostimulatory effects of CTLA-4 blockade.
