Purpose/Significance Open Science, as a revolutionary system engineering, is faced up with many challenges in its evolution, for which it needs to break through the limitations of multiple barriers between nations, expertise, narrow interests, and among others. Method/Process China had made continuous efforts in innovating the scientific-research incentive system, creating an open scientific environment, and strengthening organizational and platform construction support. In the process of accelerating the full implementation of the values of open science, namely "freedom, openness, cooperation and sharing", and continuously deepening the all-round cooperation with international organizations including UNESCO by establishing and operating Category II centers, through which it had accumulated experience in cooperating with international organizations to promote the development open science. Result/Conclusion Its successful practice proves the effectiveness of open science as a non-market incentive mechani