With the in-depth research on the pathogenesis of hematological malignancies, precision diagnosis and stratified treatment have been continuously enhanced and optimized over the years. In recent years, with the aid of artificial intelligence, the diagnosis of the malignancies has been upgraded from manual and empirical to intelligent and mechanized, and it is expected to realize intelligent diagnosis with high efficiency and high accuracy in the future. At the same time, the evolution of small molecule drugs, antibody drugs, immunotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the emergence of new drugs expand the treatment options for hematological malignancies. In this article, we review the precision diagnosis and treatment of hematological tumors from 3 aspects: precision/intelligent diagnosis, medication, and cellular therapy.