BF, Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Lj. (BFZIV)
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13.
Yeast population dynamics in five spontaneous fermentations of Malvasia must
Povhe Jemec, Katja ...
Using electrophoretic karyotyping, PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA spacer and physiological testing, the dynamics of the wine yeast strains present in spontaneous wine fermentation have been studied. ...The isolation and killer phenomena of 937 isolates were performed. The population of the non-Saccharomyces yeasts in must after sedimenting was 103 CFU/ml and belonged to the genera as follows: Candida, Metschnikowia, Hanseniaspora, Rhodotorula, Issatchenkia and Debaryomyces. However, Saccharomyces sp. has never been detected in fresh must. All 263 non-Saccharomyces yeasts isolated from the initial stage of the spontaneous fermentations were identified according to the karyotyping and PCR-RFLP analysis of the rDNA spacer. Based on the chromosome length polymorphism among649 isolates from the subsequent phases of fermentation, it was possible to distinguish 46 different electrophoretic patterns of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The most abundant strains in all fermentors represented karyotypesL1, L4, L12, P6. The sequential substitution of S. cerevisiae strains along the fermentation agreed with different fermentation phases. At the slow fermentation rate in almost all fermentors karyotype L4 was most abundant. Later, at the beginning of the tumultuous fermentation the most frequent karyotype became L1 followed by karyotype L4. Finally, along the fermentation process, pattern L4 was clearly replaced by karyotype L1 followedby pattern L12. Despite the same fermentation source (grape must) differences among five spontaneous fermentations were observed. The populationdynamics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts, especially the dynamics of the major S. cerevisiae strains (L1, L4, L12) were quite similar in all five fermentors in opposite to the non-Saccharomyces populations.
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