碩士
國立臺灣大學
商學研究所
100
As the time goes by, music has become one of the choices of leisure activities to the people and life. However, for the past few years, in this age of internet results in ...development of digital music, which causes severe effects in traditional music industry. Due to the development of digital music, behavior of consumer is beginning to change, not just only from the traditional purchases of the records but from directly downloads for files in the internet, which induces the competition becomes extremely fierce in the music industry.
Due to changes in consumer behavior patterns, in this paper, we will investigate the meaning of music for the user. Depends on different extents of preference, consumers maybe have different behavior patterns. We will also discuss about the value in the mind of consumer for traditional records verses the value for digital files. In the meanwhile, we will discuss whether consumer behavior patterns are heterogeneous.
The result showed that, People are affected to
碩士
國立臺北科技大學
創新設計研究所
97
Design fulfill people’s demands, and is to improve human’s life. Service design means proposing solution to meet potential demands. Therefore, service design includes persons, ...products and ambiance, corresponds to service design, product design, and space design. It is explained that products should no longer stay on the shelves, relying on traditional marketing solution, but live for people’s potential demands people’s acknowledgement of ambiance where product display and service provided.
Designers show definite purposes in the process of development and design. By integrating the personal experience through the sensual perception to message can designers create an easy-to-use product.。Alternatively, users judge and experience the products through their sensual perception. Sensual experience is the mixed message of experience and perception, and also the perception receiving of ambiance space. Designers can be aware of users’ needs and design the good products accordingly if they have
Hybrid nanoparticles based on lactide and poly(ethylene glycol) were composed of a copolymer, poly(2-amino,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co-lactide) P(LA-co-CA), and a graft copolymer, ...poly(2-amino,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co-L-lactide)-g-methoxy-poly(ethylene glycol) P(LA-co-CA)-m PEG. The hybrid nanoparticles were prepared using emulsion solvent diffusion method. The copolymer of poly(2-benzyloxy amide,1,3-propanediol carbonic ester-co-lactide) was prepared using ring-opening polymerization with diethylzinc(Zn Et2) as a catalyst, and then took off benzyl oxygen group to obtain P(LA-co-CA). P(LA-co-CA)-m PEG by grafting methoxy-PEG-propionaldehyde(m PEG-ALD) on P(LA-co-CA). With docetaxel as a model drug, the morphology of nanoparticles was characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and the size and size distribution were determined by dynamic light scattering(DLS). The size of DTX-loaded particle was approximately 110 nm. The size scale prevents them from uptake by the reticulo-endothelial system and accumulation at the target site through the enhanced permeability and retention effect. In MTT assay, the results showed that the polymers are non-cytotoxic. The study points to the potential application of the composite nanoparticles in biomedical applications, including tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery.
碩士
長庚大學
生化與生醫工程研究所
101
Cell microencapsulation has been used in a wide variety of biological or medical researches. There are many types of natural or synthetic polymers that have been used to ...encapsulate living cells. Among them, collagen is a frequently used hydrogel for the microencapsulation of cells mainly because of its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability properties. Compared with the conventional cell microencapsulation methods, the utilization of microfluidic-based methodology can realize microbead generation in a more uniform and continuous manner. However, most of the proposed devices are not only technically demanding but might also be harmful to the encapsulated cells. These can hamper the subsequent application of cell-encapsulated microbeads. To tackle these issues, this study reports a spotting-based microfluidic device for continuous generation of cell-encapsulated collagen microbeads. The working principle is mainly based on the use of a pneumatically driven micro-vibrator to continuously generate tiny cells/collagen microdroplets in a thin oil layer. The temporarily formed collagen microdroplets soon sink into the sterile, and biocompatible Pluronic® F127 suspension (37 oC, 8% (v/v)) that stably maintains the shape of the collagen microdroplets during thermal gelation process. In this study, the size and uniformity of the collagen microbeads were regulated by the input flow rate of collagen suspension and the pulsing frequency of the micro-vibrator. Within the experimental conditions studied, the proposed method was able to generate collagen microbeads ranging from 73.9-353.4 µm in diameter with high uniformity (Coefficient of variation (CV): 6.8% -7.4%). Results also exhibited that the encapsulated 3T3 cells kept at a high cell viability of 96 ± 2%, suggesting that the proposed cell microencapsulation process is cell friendly. As a whole, the proposed device has opened up a route to generate collagen microbeads or microencapsulation of cells in a simple, continuous, controllable, uniform, high throughput, and cell-friendly manner with less contamination.
碩士
國立臺灣大學
物理治療學研究所
106
Background and purpose: Preterm children with very low birth weight (VLBW, birth weight < 1,500 g) are at risk of adverse developmental outcomes that require early ...identification and intervention of those who will have developmental disorder. Previous follow-up studies mostly examined the average developmental performance in preterm children and rarely explored the variations of developmental progress within population and the potential influencing factors. The purposes of this study were therefore to retrospectively abstract the longitudinal data of our previous cohort studies to examine the mental and motor development trajectories in VLBW preterm children in Taiwan during the first three years of age, to investigate the influencing factors for different trajectories, and to assess the relations of trajectories with developmental outcomes at four years of age. Methods: The perinatal and socio-environmental data were collected in all preterm infants with VLBW at baseline. Their mental and motor development were assessed by the Bayley Scales of Infant Development- Second Edition at 6, 12, 24 and 36 months of age; and the motor, cognitive and behavioral outcomes at 4 years of age were respectively examined using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children- Original or Second Edition, the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Revised and the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5. Developmental trajectories were examined by the latent growth curve modeling, group-based trajectory modeling and growth mixture modeling sequentially to select a representative model. The relations of developmental trajectories with influencing factors and subsequent outcomes were examined using logistic regression analysis. Results: Preterm children with VLBW showed three mental trajectories: stably normal (64.0%), deteriorating (31.4%) and persistently delayed patterns (4.6%); and four motor trajectories: above average (6.3%), stably normal (60.0%), deteriorating (28.5%) and persistently delayed patterns (5.2%) during 6 to 36 months of age. With respect to the stably normal pattern in mental development, the deteriorating pattern was associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (odds ratio OR 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.8 1.3-3.1), lower paternal educational level (OR 95% CI = 2.2 1.3-3.7) and lower maternal educational level (OR 95% CI = 1.8 1.2-2.8); whereas the persistently delayed pattern was associated with lower birth weight (OR 95% CI = 0.3 0.1-0.6), longer hospital stay (OR 95% CI = 3.3 1.5-7.4), major brain damage (OR 95% CI = 17.9 1.7-488.2), lower paternal educational level (OR 95% CI = 3.4 1.5-7.8) and lower maternal educational level (OR 95% CI = 2.7 1.2-60.2) (all p<0.05). With respect to the above average and stably normal patterns in motor development, the deteriorating pattern was associated with lower birth weight (OR 95% CI = 0.5 0.3-0.7) and paternal occupation status (OR 95% CI = 2.2 1.1-4.3) (both p<0.05); the persistently delayed pattern was associated with severe ROP (OR 95% CI = 2.71.1-6.5), major brain damage (OR 95% CI = 10.7 2.2-50.7), lower paternal education level (OR 95% CI = 2.2 1.0-4.8) and lower maternal occupation status (OR 95% CI = 16.7 2.1-133.6) (all p<0.05). Furthermore, the deteriorating mental pattern was predictive of mental delay (OR 95% CI = 11.3 2.3-55.1, p<0.05); whereas, the persistently delayed mental pattern was predictive of mental delay (OR 95% CI = 130.6 33.2-777.0), motor delay (OR 95% CI = 18.3 5.5-60.1) and internalizing behavioral problem at 4 years of age (OR 95% CI = 4.3 1.4-12.6) (all p < 0.05). In contrast, the deteriorating motor pattern was predictive of mental delay (OR 95% CI = 3.5 1.1-11.7, p < 0.05) and motor delay at 4 years (OR 95% CI = 4.2 1.8-9.8); whereas, the persistently delayed motor pattern was predictive of mental delay (OR 95% CI = 24.6 6.0-94.0, motor delay (OR 95% CI = 53.4 13.5-210.0, and internalizing problem at 4 years (OR 95% CI = 3.2 1.2-8.8) (all p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Preterm children with VLBW demonstrated various mental and motor trajectories during 6 to 36 months of age that were associated with certain perinatal and socio-environmental risk factors. Furthermore, the mental and motor trajectories were each predictive of 4-year mental, motor and behavioral outcomes. The study provides insightful information for planning early identification and intervention of preterm children with VLBW in Taiwan.
Objective：To observe the clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine（CM） treatment of Hongyou Ointment（红油膏） and Shengji Powder（生肌散） on diabetic ulcers,and to observe the influence of CM treatment on the ...expressions of proteins associated with the Wnt signaling pathway,such asβ-catenin,c-myc and K6.Methods：sixty-two patients fitting the registration standards were randomly divided into the CM group（31 patients） and the Western medicine（WM） group（31 patients） by a random number table.The patients in the CM group were treated with Hongyou Ointment and Shengji Powder externally.The patients in the WM group were treated with mupirocin ointment,growth factor（bFGF）,and Vaseline gauze for external use and with basic therapies.Wound-healing time and four-week healing rate were recorded.The wounds were measured by digital photography and ImageJ software.Skin biopsies were obtained from 24 patients before CM treatment and 20 patients after CM treatment.Immunohistochemical tests and semi-quantitative imaging with NIH ImageJ 1.42 software were used to analyze the changes in protein expression ofβ-catenin,c-myc,and K6.Results：Fifty-three patients completed the trial;four patients in the CM treatment group and five patients in the WM group dropped out.Among them,four were dissatisfied with the treatment process,two could not continue because of their jobs,two failed to complete the course of follow-up appointments,and one was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma during treatment.The comparison of ulcer healing rates between the two groups showed insignificant differences（P=0.77）.The ulcer healing rates were 33.33%（9/27） in the CM group and 26.92%（7/26） in the WM group.However,the effective rate was significantly higher in the CM group（81.48%,22/27） than in the WM group（57.69%,15/26,P=0.04）.The mean wound healing time was shorter in the CM group（22.71±5.46 days） than in the WM group（26.56±7.56 days,P=0.04）.CM treatment was well tolerated,and there was no withdrawal due to adverse reactions.Immunohistochemical analysis in the refractory wound indicated higher expressions ofβ-catenin,c-myc and K6 compared with the normal skin.β-catenin was abnormally expressed in the nuclei of the keratinocytes and fibroblasts at the wound margins,and the expressions of c-myc and K6 were highly expressed in the full hyperplastic epidermis,especially in the granular layer（P0.05）.The expressions of these proteins decreased after CM treatment.The expression levels ofβ-catenin,c-myc,and K6 proteins before and after the treatment were 101.88±10.76 vs.140.42±8.45;113.27±16.75 vs.153.79±8.32; 90.39±11.07 vs.151.29±7.39,respectively.Conclusions：CM treatment using Hongyou Ointment and Shengji Powder was efficient in the management of diabetic skin ulcers.The mechanism of action might be related to the inhibition of the Wnt signaling pathway.
