The excessive chase for beauty standards and the rise of muscle dysmorphia have ultimately led to an increase in androgenic–anabolic steroids (AAS) and intramuscular injections of vitamins A, D and E ...(ADE) abuse, which is associated with several adverse effects and has become a public health issue. This review of literature discusses kidney injury associated with the use of AAS and ADE, highlighting the mechanisms of acute and chronic renal lesion, such as direct renal toxicity, glomerular hyperfiltration and hypercalcemia. Future perspectives regarding evaluation and early diagnosis of kidney injury in these patients are also discussed.
La búsqueda excesiva de los estándares estéticos y el aumento de casos de dismorfia muscular han llevado a un aumento excesivo del consumo de esteroides anabólicos androgénicos (AAS, por sus siglas en inglés) e inyecciones intramusculares de vitaminas A, D y E (ADE), que se asocian con varios efectos adversos y se convierte en un problema de salud pública. Esta revisión de literatura analiza la lesión renal asociada con el uso de AAS y vitaminas ADE, destacando los mecanismos de la lesión renal aguda y crónica, como la toxicidad renal directa, la hiperfiltración glomerular y la hipercalcemia. También se discuten las perspectivas futuras con respecto a la evaluación y el diagnóstico temprano de lesión renal en estos pacientes.
Using the paired T-Test to compare suppliers De Brito, Caroline Soares; Silva, Dayana Elizabeth Werderits; Aguiar, Luiz Guilherme de Andrade ...
GeSec,
10/2023, Volume:
14, Issue:
10
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The manufacture of industrial products requires rigorous quality, which is why they need to be in compliance. It is therefore essential that two different suppliers present products within the same ...specifications. The aim of this article is to show a case study carried out in a company in the south of the state of Rio de Janeiro, which used the Paired T Test to compare two types of foam for hospital mattresses. The results showed that supplier 1 produces a foam below the specified thickness of 11 cm while supplier 2 produces a foam within the specified value, so supplier 1 would be rejected and supplier 2's service would be used.
Water for the manufacture of pharmaceuticals demands rigorous quality, so it requires successive purification steps to meet the requirements of Brazilian legislation. Likewise, the effluent generated ...in the production process also requires treatment before its disposal into water bodies. The monitoring of water quality and industrial effluent is carried out through laboratory analysis, in many cases by third-party laboratories at a high cost. The objective of this article is to show a case study that was carried out in a company in the South of the State of Rio de Janeiro and that used the Continuous Exponential Probability Distribution to paver the useful life of an industrial effluent filtration equipment.
Currently, not much is known about the interactions between voice and growth hormone (GH). We have described large kindred with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a GHRH receptor mutation, ...resulting in severe short stature and high-pitched voice. These IGHD individuals have little interest in GH treatment, as they consider themselves "short long-lived people", rather than patients. Interestingly, they report normal general quality of life, but they rate their Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) as low. Here, we assessed the social and auditory-perceptual impacts of artistic-intervention voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) and choral singing, on their voices.
Seventeen GH-naïve adult IGHD individuals were enrolled in a single-arm interventional pre-post study with 13 weekly sessions of choir singing over 90 days. Outcome measures were V-RQOL scores, self-assessment of voice, and auditory-perceptual analysis (GRBAS scale, G: grade of the severity of dysphonia; R: roughness; B: breathiness; A: asthenia; and S: strain).
Marked improvements in total (p = 0.0001), physical (p = 0.0002), and socioemotional (p = 0.0001) V-RQOL scores and in self-assessment of voice (p = 0.004) were found. The general grades of vocal deviation (p = 0.0001), roughness (p = 0.0001), breathiness (p = 0.0001) and strain (p = 0.0001) exhibited accentuated reductions.
Voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral training improved social impact and perceptual voice assessments in IGHD subjects and markedly improved their voice-related quality of life. This is particularly important in a setting where GH replacement therapy is not widely accepted.
We investigated the influence of resistance training on body composition and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in skeletal muscles of rats fed a high-fat diet.
Thirty-two Wistar rats were divided ...into four experimental groups (n = 8/each) according to diet and exercise status: Control (standard diet), Obese Control (high-fat diet), Resistance Training (standard diet) and Obese Resistance Training (high-fat diet) groups. Animals were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to promote excessive weight gain. Resistance Training groups performed 12 weeks of training periods after this period in a vertical ladder three times/week. Fat percentage, fat-free mass and fat mass were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity in biceps and gastrocnemius muscles was analyzed using zymography.
Resistance training significantly reduced body and fat masses and fat percentages in both trained groups (p<0.05). The maximal carrying load between trained groups was not different, but relative force was higher in the Resistance Training group (p<0.05). Of note, increased matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity was noted in the tested muscles of both trained groups (p<0.05).
In conclusion, altered body composition and muscle matrix metalloproteinase 2 activity promoted by excessive weight gain were positively modified by resistance training.
•The SNPforID 52-plex system was analyzed in a Brazilian population sample (n = 340).•Next-generation sequencing was performed with the HaloPlex and MiSeq approaches.•On average, 50.5 genotypes were ...called in each sample.•Combined match probability of 6.48 × 10−21 and exclusion power of 0.9997 were found.•Admixture tools revealed predominant European contribution and low Amerindian input.
SNP analysis is of paramount importance in forensic genetics. The development of new technologies in next-generation sequencing allowed processing a large number of markers in various samples simultaneously. Although SNPs are less informative than STRs, they present lower mutation rates and perform better when using degraded samples. Some SNP systems were developed for forensic usage, such as the SNPforID 52-plex, from the SNPforID Consortium, containing 52 bi-allelic SNPs for human identification. In this paper we evaluated the informativeness of this system in a Brazilian population sample (n = 340). DNA libraries were prepared using a customized HaloPlex Target Enrichment System kit (Agilent Technologies, Inc.) and sequenced in the MiSeq Personal Sequencer platform (Illumina Inc.). The methodology presented here allowed the analysis of 51 out of 52 SNPforID markers. Allele frequencies and forensic parameters were estimated, revealing high informativeness: the combined match probability and power of exclusion were 6.48 × 10−21 and 0.9997, respectively. Population admixture analysis indicates high European contribution (more than 70%) and low Amerindian contribution (less than 10%) in our population, while individual admixture analyses were consistent with the majority of individuals presenting high European contribution. This study demonstrates that the 52-plex kit is suitable for forensic cases in a Brazilian population, presenting results comparable with those obtained using a 16 STR panel.
FUNDAMENTO: Penicilina G benzatina a cada 3 semanas é o protocolo padrão para a profilaxia secundária para febre reumática recorrente. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito da penicilina G benzatina em ...Streptococcus sanguinis e Streptococcus oralis em pacientes com doença valvular cardíaca, devido à febre reumática com recebimento de profilaxia secundária. MÉTODOS: Estreptococos orais foram avaliados antes (momento basal) e após 7 dias (7º dia) iniciando-se com penicilina G benzatina em 100 pacientes que receberam profilaxia secundária da febre reumática. Amostras de saliva foram avaliadas para verificar a contagem de colônias e presença de S. sanguinis e S. oralis. Amostras de saliva estimulada pela mastigação foram serialmente diluídas e semeadas em placas sobre agar-sangue de ovelhas seletivo e não seletivo a 5% contendo penicilina G. A identificação da espécie foi realizada com testes bioquímicos convencionais. Concentrações inibitórias mínimas foram determinadas com o Etest. RESULTADOS: Não foram encontradas diferenças estatísticas da presença de S. sanguinis comparando-se o momento basal e o 7º dia (p = 0,62). No entanto, o número existente de culturas positivas de S. oralis no 7º dia após a Penicilina G benzatina apresentou um aumento significativo em relação ao valor basal (p = 0,04). Não houve diferença estatística existente entre o momento basal e o 7º dia sobre o número de S. sanguinis ou S. oralis UFC/mL e concentrações inibitórias medianas. CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo mostrou que a Penicilina G benzatina a cada 3 semanas não alterou a colonização por S. sanguinis, mas aumentou a colonização de S. oralis no 7º dia de administração. Portanto, a susceptibilidade do Streptococcus sanguinis e Streptococcus oralis à penicilina G não foi modificada durante a rotina de profilaxia secundária da febre reumática utilizando a penicilina G. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2012; online.ahead print, PP.0-0)
The excessive chase for beauty standards and the rise of muscle dysmorphia have ultimately led to an increase in androgenic–anabolic steroids (AAS) and intramuscular injections of vitamins A, D and E ...(ADE) abuse, which is associated with several adverse effects and has become a public health issue. This review of literature discusses kidney injury associated with the use of AAS and ADE, highlighting the mechanisms of acute and chronic renal lesion, such as direct renal toxicity, glomerular hyperfiltration and hypercalcemia. Future perspectives regarding evaluation and early diagnosis of kidney injury in these patients are also discussed. Resumen: La búsqueda excesiva de los estándares estéticos y el aumento de casos de dismorfia muscular han llevado a un aumento excesivo del consumo de esteroides anabólicos androgénicos (AAS, por sus siglas en inglés) e inyecciones intramusculares de vitaminas A, D y E (ADE), que se asocian con varios efectos adversos y se convierte en un problema de salud pública. Esta revisión de literatura analiza la lesión renal asociada con el uso de AAS y vitaminas ADE, destacando los mecanismos de la lesión renal aguda y crónica, como la toxicidad renal directa, la hiperfiltración glomerular y la hipercalcemia. También se discuten las perspectivas futuras con respecto a la evaluación y el diagnóstico temprano de lesión renal en estos pacientes. Keywords: Acute kidney injury, Androgenic–anabolic steroids, Chronic kidney disease, Hypercalcemia, Vitamin D, Vitamin supplements, Palabras clave: Lesión renal aguda, Esteroides androgénicos-anabólicos, Enfermedad renal crónica, Hipercalcemia, Vitamina D, Suplementos vitamínicos
The objective of this study was to evaluate the reverse logistics of residual vegetable oil (RVO) in the restaurants on a Park Road in Brazil by identifying their waste disposal methods and analysis ...of the economic and financial ratio of four reverse channel scenarios proposed by the authors: (1) private-sector transformation of RVO into biodiesel; (2) transformation of RVO into biodiesel by local cooperatives and public administration; (3) RVO reused for soap production by the private sector; (4) RVO reused for soap production by local cooperatives and public administration. The methodology used was a qualitative and quantitative research. The questionnaire applied through personal interview was the method for data collection. The analysis of the results was supported by the capital budgeting techniques: net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) and discounted payback. To determine the economic risk of each scenario, the Monte Carlo method was used. The main results showed that there was a monthly production of 1,134 liters of RVO; reverse waste logistics achieve a high rate of adequate disposal, but some problems remain to be solved, such as periodicity of collection; lack of return to the local community and incentive for waste collection. Among the considered proposed scenarios to a better reverse logistics, the production of artisanal soap through a partnership with the public administration was predicted to perform best. In this scenario the estimated payback time of the invested capital was 3 years and 2 months.
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