miR‐29 family is one of the small noncoding RNAs and has a very important role in many physiologic and pathologic functions through regulating the target genes that play roles in various bioprocesses ...such as proliferation, survival, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Thus, we aim to survey the potential of the miR‐29 family in normal model and development and progression of malignancy in this study. In addition, the potential role of miR‐29 family has been studied as the clinical marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of many cancers as the potential targets to treat cancer. Moreover, it was stated in summary that the herbal compounds can regulate miR‐29 family in cancers. Therefore, regulating the expression of the miR‐29 family in a variety of cancers can be a new strategy to obtain better results from cancerous patients’ treatment in the future.
The potential roles of the miR‐29 family in the modulation of several human cancers development and progression. This miR family has been studied as the clinical marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of many cancers as well as the potential targets to prevent and treat cancers. Regulating the expression of the miR‐29 family in a variety of cancers can be a new strategy to obtain better results for cancer patients’ treatment in the future.
Breast cancer is a major global cancer, for which radiation and chemotherapy are the main treatments. Natural remedies are being studied to reduce the side effects. Etoposide (ETO), a chemo-drug, and ...quercetin (QC), a phytochemical, are considered potential factors for adaptation to conventional treatments.
The anticancer effect of the synergy between ETO and Quercetin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (QC-SLNs), was investigated in MDA-MB-231 cells.
We developed QC-SLNs for efficient cellular delivery, characterizing their morphology, particle size, and zeta potential. We assessed the cytotoxicity of QC-SLNs and ETO on breast cancer cells via the MTT assay. Effects on apoptosis intensity in MDA-MB-231 cells have been detected utilizing annexin V-FITC, PI, and caspase activities. Real-time PCR assessed Bax gene and Bcl-2 gene fold change expression, while Western blot analysis determined p53 and p21 protein levels.
Spherical, negatively charged QC-SLNs, when combined with ETO, significantly enhanced inhibition of MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation compared to ETO or QC-SLNs alone. The combined treatment also notably increased the apoptosis pathway. QC-SLNs + ETO increased the Bax/Bcl-2 gene ratio, elevated p53 and p21 proteins, and activated caspase 3 and 9 enzymes. These results indicate the potential for QC-SLNs + ETO as a strategy for breast cancer treatment, potentially overcoming ETO-resistant breast cancer chemoresistance.
These results suggest that QC-SLN has the potential to have a substantial impact on the breast cancer cure by improving the efficacy of ETO. This enhancement could potentially help overcome chemoresistance observed in ETO-resistant breast cancer.
Backgrounds
Developed countries have a high mortality rate from atherosclerosis and are frequently linked to inflammation and other blood lipid disorders. MicroRNA expression can affect ...atherosclerotic plaque formation, lipid metabolism, inflammation, and other related processes. The search aimed to determine whether microRNA-138-5p or microRNA-132-3p expression levels are related to patient atherogenic genes.
Methods
Angiographic diagnostic method was used to select 45 healthy samples and 45 atherosclerosis patients, along with the laboratory and demographic information. After isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from blood, the levels of miR-138 and miR-132 and the relative expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), and CD36 genes measured using real-time PCR.
Results
miR-138 was upregulated compared to the control group in the atherosclerosis patient group (
P
< 0.05). In contrast, SIRT1 was downregulated in patients (
P
< 0.05). Our results also showed that the expression levels of miR-138 can use as a biomarker for atherosclerosis detection (
P
< 0.05). In addition, the expression of miR-138 with SIRT1 had a significant negative correlation (
P
< 0.05), and miR-132 was directly correlated with STAT3 (
P
< 0.01). Interestingly, STAT3 was negatively correlated with SIRT1 (
P
< 0.05) and positively with CD36 (
P
< 0.01).
Conclusion
Since atherosclerosis has no specific clinical symptoms and early diagnosis is vital, the use of miR-138 diagnostic biomarkers can play an essential role in early diagnosis. Furthermore, this study highlights the overlap of SIRT1-STAT3-CD36 signaling pathways with miR-132 and miR-138 in atherosclerosis.
In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lack of expression or dysregulation of some special miRs disrupts apoptosis of malignant cells; thereby miR expression can enhance cell proliferation, disease ...progression and decrease patient survival.
30 CLL patients and 20 healthy individuals participated in the study. RNA was extracted to evaluate the expression of miR-125, miR-223, BCL-2 and signal transducer and transcription 3 activator (STAT3) genes; quantitative Real Time- PCR (Q-RT-PCR) was performed. MiR-125a and miR-223 expression decreased in the patients compared to the control group (P-Value:0.001). BCL-2 and STAT3 which are the target genes of these two miRs, showed increased expression, in the patients compared to the control subjects (P-Value: 0.001 and P-Value: 0.64 respectively). A significant reverse relationship was found between miR-125a and BCl-2 expression and WBC count. Significantly, miR-223 expression was associated with smoking in patients (P-Value: 0.007). Also, these miRs may have regulatory effects by controlling white blood cell (WBC) production based on the inverse correlation with WBC count and hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. Finally, miR-223 can be used as a prognostic factor in CLL patients; miR-125a may be useful for evaluating the therapeutic approaches based on the inverse link with BCl-2.
Background & Objectives: Numerous studies have shown that the risk of death is higher in elderly patients with COVID-19. In Iran, due to the growth of the elderly population and the prevalence of ...underlying diseases, it is necessary to pay attention to this age group of patients. In this study, clinical, radiological, PCR, and laboratory data of elderly patients with COVID-19 were collected and analyzed in two groups of recovered and dead patients.Materials & Methods: This is a retrospective study of 196 consecutive elderly patients with COVID-19 hospitalized from March 21, 2020, to April 3, 2020, and their follow-up until April 23, 2021. Clinical characteristics, laboratory results, PCR, chest CT scans and Hounsfield Unit data were collected and analyzed in two groups of recovered and dead patients. Obtained Data were analyzed using SPSSv22.0 and MATLAB-R2017 software.Results: The results showed that there were no specific symptoms to distinguish the death group from the recovery group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups for red blood cell counts, hemoglobin, MCHC and MCV levels, bilirubin, aminotransferase levels, CRP, white blood cells, serum BNU, creatinine and PT coagulation index. The concentrations of VBG (HCO3) and VBG (PCO2) in the deceased patients suggest compensated respiratory alkalosis. CT sensitivity is 100% for patients in advanced and severe stages of the disease.Conclusion: The patients in the death group had more underlying diseases than the recovered group. COVID-19 patients are more likely to die when they have both diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Background
The most common type of ovarian cancer (OC) is epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) which is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy in adult women.
Aim
This study aimed to determine the ...conditional disease‐free survival (CDFS) rates and their associated determinants in patients with EOC.
Methods and results
The clinical and demographic data of 335 patients with confirmed EOC at Motahari Clinic (Shiraz, Iran) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Traditional DFS (TDFS) and CDFS were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and cumulative DFS estimates, respectively. To evaluate the effects of the prognostic determinants on the DFS of the patients, a multiple covariate Cox analysis using the landmarking method was applied.
The 1‐ and 3‐year TDFSs were 81.1% and 47.0%, respectively, and decreased over time. At baseline, a higher stage tumor and endometrioid histology were associated with a higher risk of recurrence when compared to stage I and other histological subtypes, respectively. The hazard of recurrence for older women (age ≥55 years) was approximately twice and three times more than that of women aged <45 years at 1‐ and 3‐year landmark time points, respectively.
Conclusion
The age at diagnosis, defined by a cut‐off of 55 years, was a prognostic factor for the CDFS of EOC women. Moreover, patients with advanced‐stage EOC (ASEOC) (stages III and IV) and endometrioid histology had poorer CDFSs compared to those with early‐stage EOC (ESEOC) (stages I and II) and other histological types. In ESEOC patients with age at diagnosis of >55 years, CDFS gradually decreased in 3 years after remission which should be considered for follow‐up care decision‐making.
Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index and is the potential drug for interaction with other drugs, herbs and supplements, therefore, regarded to these properties we decided to review the evidence ...about interaction between herbal-dietary supplements and digoxin. We were collected published articles about this digoxin-herb and supplement interaction for writing a review article. Some the information in this review resulting from, in vitro and animal study that no clinical evidence for them, and others result from clinical evidences. We found fifty herbal products can interact by different mechanism with digoxin and St. John’s wort has the most documented interactions with digoxin.
This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between myeloperoxidase polymorphism (MPO-129G/A) and the risk of atherosclerosis and its association with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) ...levels and atherogenic indices.
The present study was performed on 255 subjects, including 125 controls and 130 atherosclerotic patients. To determine MPO-129G/A polymorphism, the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction (RFLP-PCR) method was utilized. Serum lipid profile levels and fasting blood sugar (FBS) level were calculated using an auto-analyzer. Atherogenic indices and Ox-LDL levels were measured using formulae and ELISA method, respectively.
The findings illustrated no considerable difference between the patient and control groups concerning MPO-129G/A genotypes (p > 0.05). There was no substantial relationship between MPO-129G/A genotypes, Ox-LDL levels, and atherogenic indices in the patient group (p > 0.05), while patients possessed considerably higher Ox-LDL level and atherogenic indices (p < 0.05). In addition, CRI-II (LDL/HDL) was significantly correlated with Ox-LDL (p = 0.001) and FBS (p = 0.0007).
MPO-129G/A indicated no association with Ox-LDL levels and atherogenic indices. However, atherosclerotic patients had higher Ox-LDL levels and atherogenic indices. Furthermore, CRI-II was significantly correlated with levels of Ox-LDL and blood glucose, suggesting a strong marker for predicting the risk of atherosclerosis.
•There was no considerable relationship between the MPO-129G/A polymorphism, oxidized LDL levels, and atherogenic indices.•Increased oxidized LDL levels and atherogenic indices were associated with the development of atherosclerosis.•Increased oxidized LDL levels are associated with LDL/HDL and glucose levels. CRI-II was significantly correlated with levels of Ox-LDL and blood glucose.•Atherogenic indices, especially CRI-II, can be considered as strong markers for predicting the risk of atherosclerosis.
Currently, zinc oxide (ZnO) particles are used in nanotechnology to destroy a wide range of microorganisms. Although pentavalent antimony compounds are used as antileishmanial drugs, they are ...associated with several limitations and side effects. Therefore, it is always desirable to try to find new and effective treatments. The aim of this research is to determine the antileishmanial effect of ZnO particles in comparison to the Antimoan Meglumine compound on promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania major (MRHO/IR/75/ER). After the extraction and purification of macrophages from the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6 mice, L. major parasites were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute‐1640 culture medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) 10% and antibiotic. In this experimental study, the effect of different concentrations of nanoparticles was investigated using the 3‐4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl‐2,5‐diphenyl‐tetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric method, in comparison to the glucantime on promastigotes, amastigotes and healthy macrophages in the culture medium. The amount of light absorption of the obtained color from the regeneration of tetrazolium salt to the product color of formazan by the parasite was measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader, and the IC50 value was calculated. IC50 after 24 h of incubation was calculated as IC50 = 358.6 µg/mL. The results showed, that the efficacy of ZnO nanoparticles was favorable and dose‐dependent. The concentration of 500 µg/mL of ZnO nanoparticles induced 84.67% apoptosis after 72. Also, the toxicity of nanoparticles was less than the drug. Nanoparticles exert their cytotoxic effects by inducing apoptosis. They can be suitable candidates in the pharmaceutical industry in the future.
PDF
