We study B --> K(*)l+l- decays (l = e, mu) based on a data sample of 657 x 10(6) BB pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We report the differential branching fraction, ...isospin asymmetry, K* polarization, and the forward-backward asymmetry (A(FB)) as functions of q2 = M(ll)(2)c2. The fitted A(FB) spectrum exceeds the standard model expectation by 2.7 standard deviations. The measured branching fractions are B(B --> K*l+l-) = (10.7(-1.0)(+1.1) +/- 0.9) x 10(-7) and B(B --> Kl+l-) = (4.8(-0.4)(+0.5) +/- 0.3) x 10(-7), where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic, with the muon to electron ratios R(K*) = 0.83 +/- 0.17 +/- 0.08 and R(K) = 1.03 +/- 0.19 +/- 0.06.
The T2K experiment Ajima, Y.; Andreopoulos, C.; Anerella, M.D. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
12/2011, Volume:
659, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle θ13 by observing νe appearance in a νμ beam. It also ...aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, Δm232 and sin22θ23, via νμ disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross-section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem.
Using data recorded with the Belle detector, we observe a new excited hyperon, an Ω^{*-} candidate decaying into Ξ^{0}K^{-} and Ξ^{-}K_{S}^{0} with a mass of 2012.4±0.7(stat)±0.6(syst) MeV/c^{2} and ...a width of Γ=6.4_{-2.0}^{+2.5}(stat)±1.6(syst) MeV. The Ω^{*-} is seen primarily in ϒ(1S),ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) decays.
Hot saline may be potentially useful for inducing necrosis of pancreatic tissue. However, the local and systemic effects are largely unknown. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and ...safety of EUS-guided injection of hot saline into the pancreas in the porcine model.
Boiling hot saline was injected into the tail of normal porcine pancreas under EUS guidance in six pigs via a transgastric approach. Three pigs were killed 4 hours later to study the acute effect of the hot saline injection (acute study). The remaining three pigs were killed after 7 days of clinical observation (survival study).
Injection of 5 mL, 2 mL and 1 mL of hot saline produced localized necrosis (7 - 10 mm) of pancreatic tissue in the acute study. However, there was pooling of hot saline on the surface of the pancreas when 5mL was injected. On the basis of the results of the acute study, the volume of hot saline injected in the survival study was 1 mL. One milliliter of hot saline produced localized or sporadic necrosis of pancreatic tissue without any signs of pancreatitis in all three pigs in the survival study; hot saline was observed to pool on the pancreatic surface of one pig. There was no histological evidence of necrosis in the pancreatic tissue adjacent to the pooled hot saline in either the acute or the survival study.
EUS-guided hot saline injection of pancreatic tissue in the porcine model was technically successful and led to localized necrosis of pancreatic tissue without any sign of pancreatitis.
New data from the T2K neutrino oscillation experiment produce the most precise measurement of the neutrino mixing parameter θ23. Using an off-axis neutrino beam with a peak energy of 0.6 GeV and a ...data set corresponding to 6.57×10(20) protons on target, T2K has fit the energy-dependent νμ oscillation probability to determine oscillation parameters. The 68% confidence limit on sin(2)(θ23) is 0.514(-0.056)(+0.055) (0.511±0.055), assuming normal (inverted) mass hierarchy. The best-fit mass-squared splitting for normal hierarchy is Δm32(2)=(2.51±0.10)×10(-3) eV(2)/c(4) (inverted hierarchy: Δm13(2)=(2.48±0.10)×10(-3) eV(2)/c(4)). Adding a model of multinucleon interactions that affect neutrino energy reconstruction is found to produce only small biases in neutrino oscillation parameter extraction at current levels of statistical uncertainty.
We present the first model-independent measurement of the absolute branching fraction of the Λ(c)(+) → pK(-)π(+) decay using a data sample of 978 fb(-1) collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB ...asymmetric-energy e(+)e(-) collider. The number of Λ(c)(+) baryons is determined by reconstructing the recoiling D((*)-) pπ(+) system in events of the type e(+)e(-) → D((*)-) pπ(+)Λ(c)(+). The branching fraction is measured to be B(Λ(c)(+) → pK(-)π(+)) = (6.84 ± 0.24(-0.27)(+0.21))%, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.
The cross section for e+ e- --> pi+ pi- psi(2S) between threshold and sqrts=5.5 GeV is measured using 673 fb(-1) of data on and off the Upsilon(4S) resonance collected with the Belle detector at ...KEKB. Two resonant structures are observed in the pi+ pi- psi(2S) invariant-mass distribution, one at 4361 +/- 9 +/- 9 MeV/c2 with a width of 74 +/- 15 +/- 10 MeV/c2, and another at 4664 +/- 11 +/- 5 MeV/c2 with a width of 48 +/- 15 +/- 3 MeV/c2, if the mass spectrum is parametrized with the coherent sum of two Breit-Wigner functions. These values do not match those of any of the known charmonium states.
Hyper-Kamiokande will be a next-generation underground water Cherenkov detector with a total (fiducial) mass of 0.99 (0.56) million metric tons, approximately 20 (25) times larger than that of ...Super-Kamiokande. One of the main goals of Hyper-Kamiokande is the study of
$CP$
asymmetry in the lepton sector using accelerator neutrino and anti-neutrino beams. In this paper, the physics potential of a long-baseline neutrino experiment using the Hyper-Kamiokande detector and a neutrino beam from the J-PARC proton synchrotron is presented. The analysis uses the framework and systematic uncertainties derived from the ongoing T2K experiment. With a total exposure of 7.5 MW
$\times 10^7$
s integrated proton beam power (corresponding to
$1.56 \times 10^{22}$
protons on target with a 30 GeV proton beam) to a
$2.5^\circ$
off-axis neutrino beam, it is expected that the leptonic
$CP$
phase
$\delta _{CP}$
can be determined to better than 19 degrees for all possible values of
$\delta _{CP}$
, and
$CP$
violation can be established with a statistical significance of more than
$3\,\sigma$
(
$5\,\sigma$
) for
$76{\%}$
(
$58{\%}$
) of the
${\delta _{CP}}$
parameter space. Using both
$\nu _e$
appearance and
$\nu _\mu$
disappearance data, the expected 1
$\sigma$
uncertainty of
$\sin ^2\theta _{23}$
is 0.015(0.006) for
$\sin ^2\theta _{23}=0.5(0.45)$
.
This study was aimed at elucidating numerical variation of chromosomes in newly synthesized hexaploid wheats. We carried out artificial crosses between Triticum carthlicum (2n = 4x = 28, AABB) as ...female parent and Aegilops tauschii (2n = 2x = 14, DD) as male parent, obtaining intergeneric F1 hybrids (2n = 3x = 21, ABD). After self-fertilization of the F1 hybrids having 21 somatic chromosomes, we obtained F2 seeds (synthetic hexaploid wheats), and determined their somatic chromosome number. Of the expected 150 cross combinations of F1 hybrids between six strains of T. carthlicum and 25 strains of Ae. tauschii, 67 cross combinations of synthetic hexaploid wheats were obtained. Compared to strains of Ae. tauschii ssp. tauschii, those of Ae. tauschii ssp. strangulata produced synthetic hexaploid wheats showing euploidy with a high frequency. In addition, among strains of Ae. tauchii ssp. tauschii, those from Iran contributed more to the production of synthetic hexaploid wheats showing euploidy than those from Afghanistan, Pakistan, Turkey or the former USSR.
Among the nonviral techniques for gene transfer in vivo, the direct injection of plasmid DNA into muscle is simple, inexpensive, and safe. Applications of this method have been limited by the ...relatively low expression levels of the transferred gene. We investigated the applicability of in vivo electroporation for gene transfer into muscle, using plasmid DNA expressing interleukin-5 (IL-5) as the vector. The tibialis anterior muscles of mice were injected with the plasmid DNA, and then a pair of electrode needles were inserted into the DNA injection site to deliver electric pulses. Five days later, the serum IL-5 levels were assayed. Mice that did not receive electroporation had serum levels of 0.2 ng/ml. Electroporation enhanced the levels to over 20 ng/ml. Histochemical analysis of muscles injected with a lacZ expression plasmid showed that in vivo electroporation increased both the number of muscle fibers taking up plasmid DNA and the copy number of plasmids introduced into the cells. These results demonstrate that gene transfer into muscle by electroporation in vivo is more efficient than simple intramuscular DNA injection.
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