This paper presents an improvement to the fault ride-through (FRT) capabilities for a wind turbine that employs a switched reluctance generator (SRG) using a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR). The wind ...turbine may be disconnected from the grid by voltage sag, swell, and faulty line voltage in the grid. To improve the stator voltage of an SRG during grid failures, the DVR is applied to inject voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC) into the grid voltage. A control strategy for the DVR based on fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is proposed in this study to improve the FRT capability and meet the grid codes while avoiding the disconnection of the turbine from the grid. MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation validated the effectiveness and performance of this approach under three test cases: balanced sag, unbalanced sag, and a single line-to-ground fault. In addition, the total harmonic distortions utilizing different controllers were compared in sag mode. Furthermore, the simulation results exhibited significant improvement in transient and steady-state response, thus verifying the effectiveness of the control strategy compared to traditional methods.
For the last few years, the world has been going through a difficult time, and the reason behind this is severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), one of the significant members ...of the Coronaviridae family. The major research groups have shifted their focus towards finding a vaccine and drugs against SARS-CoV-2 to reduce the infection rate and save the life of human beings. Even the WHO has permitted using certain vaccines for an emergency attempt to cut the infection curve down. However, the virus has a great sense of mutation, and the vaccine’s effectiveness remains questionable. No natural medicine is available at the community level to cure the patients for now. In this study, we have screened the vast library of experimental drugs of Drug Bank with Schrodinger’s maestro by using three algorithms: high-throughput virtual screening (HTVS), standard precision, and extra precise docking followed by Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA). We have identified 3-(7-diaminomethyl-naphthalen-2-YL)-propionic acid ethyl ester and Thymidine-5′-thiophosphate as potent inhibitors against the SARS-CoV-2, and both drugs performed impeccably and showed stability during the 100 ns molecular dynamics simulation. Both of the drugs are among the category of small molecules and have an acceptable range of ADME properties. They can be used after their validation in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions.
This work examines the behavior of hybrid nanofluid flow toward a stagnation point on a stretching surface. Copper and aluminum are considered as the hybrid nanoparticles. The Casson (non-Newtonian) ...fluid model is considered for hybrid nanofluids applying magnetic effects perpendicular to the surface. The governing equations are reduced to the ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The resulting equations are programmed in the Mathematica software using the OHAM-BVPh 2.0 package. The most important results of this investigation are the effects of different physical parameters such as β, M, S, and Pr on the velocity profile, temperature profile, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number. With the escalation of the magnitude of the Prandtl number Pr, the temperature profile slashes down, while with the variation of the Eckert number, the temperature field improves. The key outcomes specify that the hybrid Casson nanofluid has a larger thermal conductivity when equated with traditional fluids. Therefore, the hybrid fluid plays an important role in the enhancement of the heat phenomena. The ratification of our findings is also addressed via tables and attained noteworthy results.
Lung cancer, a relentless and challenging disease, demands unwavering attention in drug design research. Single-target drugs have yielded limited success, unable to effectively address this ...malignancy’s profound heterogeneity and often developed resistance. Consequently, the clarion call for lung cancer drug design echoes louder than ever, and multitargeted drug design emerges as an imperative approach in this landscape, which is done by concurrently targeting multiple proteins and pathways and offering a beacon of hope. This study is focused on the multitargeted drug designing approach by identifying drug candidates against human cyclin-dependent kinase-2, SRC-2 domains of C-ABL, epidermal growth factor and receptor extracellular domains, and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor kinase. We performed the multitargeted molecular docking studies of Drug Bank compounds using HTVS, SP and XP algorithms and poses filter with MM\GBSA against all proteins and identified DB02504, namely 3-(1-Benzyl-3-Carbamoylmethyl-2-Methyl-1h-Indol-5-Yloxy)-Propyl--Phosphonic Acid (3-1-BCMIYPPA) as multitargeted lead with docking and MM\GBSA score range from -8.242 to -6.274 and -28.2 and -44.29 Kcal/mol, respectively. Further, the QikProp-based pharmacokinetic computations and QM-based DFT showed acceptance results against standard values, and interaction fingerprinting reveals that THR, MET, GLY, VAL, LEU, GLU and ASP were among the most interacting residues. The NPT ensemble-based 100ns MD simulation in a neutralised state with an SPC water model has also shown a stable performance and produced deviation and fluctuations <2Å with huge interactions, making it a promising multitargeted drug candidate—however, experimental studies are suggested.
Triple seasonal autoregressive (TSAR) models have been introduced to model time series date with three layers of seasonality; however, the Bayesian identification problem of these models has not been ...tackled in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, we have the objective of filling this gap by presenting a Bayesian procedure to identify the best order of TSAR models. Assuming that the TSAR model errors are normally distributed along with employing three priors, i.e., normal-gamma, Jeffreys’ and g priors, on the model parameters, we derive the marginal posterior distributions of the TSAR model parameters. In particular, we show that the marginal posteriors are multivariate t and gamma distributions for the TSAR model coefficients vector and precision, respectively. Using the marginal posterior distribution of the TSAR model coefficients vector, we present an identification procedure for the TSAR models based on a sequence of t-test of significance. We evaluate the accuracy of the proposed Bayesian identification procedure by conducting an extensive simulation study, followed by a real application to hourly electricity load datasets in six European countries.
The coronaviruses belong to the Coronaviridae family, and one such member, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is causing significant destruction around the world in the ...form of a global pandemic. Although vaccines have been developed, their effectiveness and level of protection is still a major concern, even after emergency approval from the World Health Organisation (WHO). At the community level, no natural medicine is currently available as a cure. In this study, we screened the vast library from Drug Bank and identified Hemi-Babim and Fenoterol as agents that can work against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, we performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulation for both compounds with their respective proteins, providing evidence that the said drugs can work against the MPro and papain-like protease, which are the main drug targets. Inhibiting the action of these targets may lead to retaining the virus. Fenoterol is a beta-2 adrenergic agonist used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. In this study, Hemi-Babim and Fenoterol showed good docking scores of -7.09 and -7.14, respectively, and performed well in molecular dynamics simulation studies. Re-purposing the above medications has huge potential, as their effects are already well-proven and under public utilisation for asthma-related problems. Hence, after the comprehensive pipeline of molecular docking, MMGBSA, and MD simulation studies, these drugs can be tested in-vivo for further human utilisation.
Following transient ischemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke, the risk of recurrent stroke can be significantly reduced with short-duration dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). We wish to investigate ...whether 10 days of DAPT is as effective as 21 days' treatment.
This is an open-label, randomized, parallel-group study comparing whether 10 days of DAPT treatment (ASA + clopidogrel) is non-inferior to 21 days of DAPT in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) or high-risk TIA. In both groups, DAPT is started within 24 hours of symptom onset. This study is being conducted in approximately 15 study sites in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The planned sample size is 1932.
Non-inferiority of 10 days compared to 21 days of DAPT in the prevention of the composite endpoint of stroke and death at 90 days in AIS/TIA patients. The primary safety outcome is major intra-cranial and systemic hemorrhage.
Enrolment started in the second quarter of 2023, and the completion of the study is expected in the fourth quarter of 2025.
The trial is expected to show that 10 days of DAPT is non-inferior for the prevention of early recurrence of vascular events in patients with high-risk TIAs and minor strokes.
The coronaviridae family has caused the most destruction among all the viral families in modern sciences. It is one of the recently discovered and added members of severe acute respiratory syndrome ...coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has caused the global pandemic and significant destruction worldwide. However, scientists worldwide have developed vaccines, which are being given to humans. The mutated strain of the virus has caused various uncertainties about whether the discovered drug and vaccines affect it. Even after the World Health Organization's approval for the vaccines, their effectiveness and protection ratio are still a major concern. At the community level, to this date, there is no medicine available to cure the patients. In this study, we have screened the vast library from Drug Bank and identified N-(4-Aminobutanoyl)-S-(4-methoxybenzyl)-L-cysteinylglycine (NSL-CG) that can work against two major targets of SARS CoV-2, replication-transcription and RNA dependent polymerase. Further, we have performed the Molecular Mechanics/Generalized Born Surface Area (MM/GBSA) and molecular dynamics simulation of the compound with both proteins individually, giving us enough evidence that the said drugs can work against the two targets together. Inhibiting the action of any of both proteins may lead to retaining the virus, and having a dual-targeted drug can be an extra precise measure for this process. The NSL-CG is an experimental drug belonging to the peptidomimetics class included in the small group of drugs with a docking score of −9.079 kcal/mol with replication-transcription −7.885 kcal/mol with RNA-dependent polymerase. Hence, through the complete flowed study, the NSL-CG can be further experimentally validated in in-vitro and in-vivo conditions before human utilisation.
Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Background:
Stroke is a medical condition that leads to major disability and mortality worldwide. Some evidence suggests that weather and seasonal variations could have an impact on stroke incidence ...and outcome. However, the current evidence is inconclusive. Therefore, this study examines the seasonal variations and meteorological influences on stroke incidence and outcome in the largest city in Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
From February 2016 to July 2019, we retrospectively reviewed data from all patients with acute ischemic (AIS) or hemorrhagic stroke (HS) admitted to the stroke unit in a tertiary academic center in Saudi Arabia. The corresponding daily meteorological data were obtained for the same period. We considered the months from November to March as the cold season and April to October as the hot season.
Results:
The final cohort included 1,271 stroke patients; 60.89% (
n
= 774) cases occurred in the hot season, while 39.1% (
n
= 497) in the cold season. Males accounted for 69.6% (
n
= 884) of the cases. The proportion of ischemic stroke was 83.2% hot season 83.9% (
n
= 649) vs. cold season 82.3% (
n
= 409). We found no statistically significant difference between seasons (hot or cold) in stroke incidence, severity National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), hospital course (pneumonia, thromboembolism, intensive care stay, or length of stay), or outcome modified Rankin scale (mRS) on discharge and death.
Conclusions:
In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, our study found no impact of weather or seasonal variations on stroke incidence, hospital course, or outcomes. However, our findings warrant further research in different country regions.
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