Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, a form of noninfectious thrombotic endocarditis, is mainly characterized by deposition of sterile platelet thrombi on heart valves. Usually, it is observed in ...advanced malignancy. Herein, we report a case of a previously healthy male with recent unprovoked deep vein thrombosis presented with acute ischemic stroke. The echocardiogram revealed aortic and mitral valve masses. Eventually, he was discovered to have advanced cholangiocarcinoma. The present case, apart from being the youngest reported case, is among the few reported cases which manifest the association between cholangiocarcinoma and nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis.
Background
The debate about the optimal approach for aortic valve replacement continues. We compared the hospital and long-term outcomes (survival, aortic valve reintervention, heart failure ...readmissions, and stroke) between transcatheter vs. surgical (TAVR vs. SAVR) aortic valve replacement. The study included 789 patients; 293 had isolated SAVR, and 496 had isolated TAVR. Patients with concomitant procedures were excluded. Propensity score matching identified 53 matched pairs.
Results
Patients who had TAVR were significantly older (
P
˂ 0.001) and had significantly higher EuroSCORE II (
P
˂ 0.001), NYHA class (
P
˂ 0.001), and more prevalence of diabetes mellitus (
P
˂ 0.001), hypertension (
P
˂ 0.001), chronic lung disease (
P
= 0.001), recent myocardial infarction (
P
= 0.002), and heart failure (
P
˂ 0.001), stroke (
P
= 0.02), atrial fibrillation (
P
= 0.004), and previous percutaneous coronary interventions (
P
˂ 0.001) than SAVR patients. In the matched cohort, atrial fibrillation occurred more frequently after SAVR (
P
= 0.01), and hospital stay was significantly longer in SAVR patients (
P
˂ 0.001). There were no differences in hospital mortality between groups (
P
˃ 0.99). Survival at 1, 3, and 5 years was 97%, 95%, and 94% for SAVR and 91%, 79%, and 58% for TAVR patients. Survival was lower in TAVR patients before matching (
P
˂ 0.001) and after matching (
P
= 0.045). Freedom from the composite endpoint of stroke, aortic valve reintervention, and heart failure readmission at 1, 3, and 5 years was 98.9%, 96%, and 94% for SAVR and 94%, 86%, and 75% for TAVR. The composite endpoint was significantly higher in the TAVR group than in SVR before matching (
P
˂ 0.001), while there was no difference after matching (
P
= 0.07). There was no significant difference in the change in ejection fraction between groups (
β
: −0.88 (95%
CI
: −2.20–0.43),
P
= 0.19), and the reduction of the aortic valve peak gradient was significantly higher with TAVR (
β
: −7.80 (95%
CI
: −10.70 to −4.91);
P
˂ 0.001).
Conclusions
TAVR could reduce postoperative atrial fibrillation and hospital stay. SAVR could have long-term survival benefits over TAVR with comparable long-term stroke, heart failure readmission, and aortic valve reinterventions between SAVR and TAVR.
We performed a meta-analysis to determine whether a consistent relationship exists between the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and the risk of lung cancer. Accordingly, we ...summarized and reviewed previously published quantitative studies.
Eligible studies with reference lists published before June 1st, 2019 were obtained from searching several databases. Random effects' models were used to summarize the overall estimate of the multivariate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Thirteen observational studies involving 458,686 ACEI users were included in the analysis, Overall, pooled risk ratios indicate that ACEIs use was not a risk factor for lung cancer (RR 0.982, 95% C.I. 0.873 - 1.104; P = .76). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (Q = 52.54; P < .001; I2 = 86.07). There was no significant association between ACEIs use and lung cancer in studies with over five years of ACEIs exposure (RR 0.95, 95% C.I. 0.75 - 1.20; P = .70); and ≤ 5years of exposure to ACEIs (RR 0.98, 95% C.I. 0.83 - 1.15; P = .77). There were no statistically significant differences in the pooled risk ratio obtained according to the study design (Q = 0.65; P = .723) and the comparator regimen (Q = 3.37; P = .19).
The use of ACEIs was not associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Nevertheless, well-designed observational studies with different ethnic populations are still needed to evaluate the long-term (over 10 years) association between ACEIs use and lung cancer.
Background
The number of MtraClip procedures is increasing, and consequently, the number of patients with residual or recurrent mitral regurgitation (MR). We aimed to characterize patients who had ...residual versus recurrent MR after MitraClip and report the outcomes of different treatment strategies.
Methods
From 2012 to 2020, 167 patients had MitraClip. Out of them, 16 patients (9.5%) had residual mitral regurgitation (MR), and 27 patients (16.2%) had recurrent MR.
Results
The median age in patients with residual MR was 67.5 (59–73) years versus 69 (61–78) years in patients with recurrent MR (p = .87). The etiology of mitral valve disease was functional in 13 patients (81.3%) and 22 patients (84.6%) in residual versus recurrent MR patients (p > .99). Cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillator implantation was higher in patients with residual MR (p = .02). Survival was 93.7% at 1 year, 76.4% at 3 years versus 92.5% at 1 year, and 84.5% at 3 years in residual versus recurrent MR (p = .69). Two patients in the residual MR group had re‐clip, and three had surgery, and in the recurrent MR group, one patient had re‐clip, and two patients had surgery (p = .23). Patients who had re‐clip were older (p = .09). Surgery was associated with 100% survival at 5 years, 63% after medical therapy and the worst survival was reported in re‐clip patients (p = .007).
Conclusion
The outcomes of patients with residual versus recurrent mitral regurgitation after MitraClip were comparable. Survival could be improved with surgery compared with medical therapy and re‐clip.
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has emerged as an important cause of acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. The triggers for SCAD often do not include traditional ...atherosclerotic risk factors. The most commonly reported triggers are extreme physical or emotional stress. The current study compared in-hospital and follow-up events in patients with SCAD with and without reported stress. Data from 83 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SCAD were collected retrospectively from 30 centers in 4 Arab Gulf countries (KSA, UAE, Kuwait, and Bahrain) from January 2011 to December 2017. In-hospital myocardial infarction (MI), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, cardiogenic shock, death, ICD placement, dissection extension) and follow-up (MI, de novo SCAD, death, spontaneous superior mesenteric artery dissection) events were compared between those with and without reported stress. Emotional and physical stress was defined as new or unusually intense stress, within 1 week of their initial hospitalization. The median age of patients in the study was 44 (37-55) years. Foty-two (51%) were women. Stress (emotional, physical, and combined) was reported in 49 (59%) of all patients. Sixty-two percent of women with SCAD reported stress, and 51 % of men with SCAD reported stress. Men more commonly reported physical and combined stress. Women more commonly reported emotional stress (P < 0.001). The presence or absence of reported stress did not impact on overall adverse cardiovascular events (P = 0.8). In-hospital and follow-up events were comparable in patients with SCAD in the presence or absence of reported stress as a trigger.
Primary percutaneous coronary intervention is the most effective therapy in the management of acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Evidence recommends keeping the period from symptom onset to ...reperfusion to a minimum in order to preserve left ventricular function, improve outcome and reduce mortality. This position statement describes the recommendations of the Saudi Arabian Cardiac Intervention Society for optimal conditions and timing for the acute management of patients presenting with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction during ordinary and pandemic times.
To evaluate the prognosis of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) and medical therapy (MT) in elderly patients presenting with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
A total of 238 ...STEMI patients aged above 80 and treated with PPCI (n=186) and MT (n=52) at Harefield Hospital, London were included in this study. Patients who did not have true STEMI based on non-diagnostic electrocardiogram (ECG) for STEMI and negative troponin, who presented with left bundle branch block (LBBB) and had normal coronaries were excluded from this study. Primary PCI was defined as any use of a guidewire for more than diagnostic purposes in patients with STEMI, whereas conventional MT was defined as treatment of patients with anti-platelets and anti-thrombotic medications without thrombolysis.
The survival rate of PPCI patients was 86% (n=160) at month 1 followed by 83.9% (n=156) at month 6, and 81.2% (n=151) at month 12. The survival rate of MT patients was 44.2% (n=23) at month 1 followed by 36.5% (n=19) at month 6, and 34.6% (n=18) at month 12. Compared to MT, significantly fewer comorbidities were found in the PPCI group. Ventricular fibrillation (VF) (4.8%) and consequent admission to intensive care unit (7%) were the major complications of the PPCI group.
PPCI has a higher survival rate and, compared to MT, fewer comorbidities were observed in the PPCI group of elderly patients presenting with STEMI.
PDF
