The microbiota gut-brain-axis is a bidirectional circuit that links the neural, endocrine, and immunological systems with gut microbial communities. The gut microbiome plays significant roles in ...human mind and behavior, specifically pain perception, learning capacity, memory, and temperament. Studies have shown that disruptions in the gut microbiota have been associated with substance use disorders. The interplay of gut microbiota in substance abuse disorders has not been elucidated; however, postmortem microbiome profiles may produce promising avenues for future forensic investigations. The goal of the current study was to determine gut microbiome composition in substance abuse disorder cases using transverse colon tissues of 21 drug overdose versus 19 non-overdose-related cases. We hypothesized that postmortem samples of the same cause of death will reveal similar microbial taxonomic relationships. We compared microbial diversity profiles using amplicon-based sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region. The results demonstrated that the microbial abundance in younger-aged cases were found to have significantly more operational taxonomic units than older cases. Using weighted UniFrac analysis, the influence of substances in overdose cases was found to be a significant factor in determining microbiome similarity. The results also revealed that samples of the same cause of death cluster together, showing a high degree of similarity between samples and a low degree of similarity among samples of different causes of death. In conclusion, our examination of human transverse colon microflora in decomposing remains extends emerging literature on postmortem microbial communities, which will ultimately contribute to advanced knowledge of human putrefaction.
The microbiota gut-brain-axis is a bidirectional circuit that links the neural, endocrine, and immunological systems with gut microbial communities. The gut microbiome plays significant roles in ...human mind and behavior, specifically pain perception, learning capacity, memory, and temperament. Studies have shown that disruptions in the gut microbiota have been associated with substance use disorders. The interplay of gut microbiota in substance abuse disorders has not been elucidated; however, postmortem microbiome profiles may produce promising avenues for future forensic investigations. The goal of the current study was to determine gut microbiome composition in substance abuse disorder cases using transverse colon tissues of 21 drug overdose versus 19 non-overdose-related cases. We hypothesized that postmortem samples of the same cause of death will reveal similar microbial taxonomic relationships. We compared microbial diversity profiles using amplicon-based sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V4 hypervariable region. The results demonstrated that the microbial abundance in younger-aged cases were found to have significantly more operational taxonomic units than older cases. Using weighted UniFrac analysis, the influence of substances in overdose cases was found to be a significant factor in determining microbiome similarity. The results also revealed that samples of the same cause of death cluster together, showing a high degree of similarity between samples and a low degree of similarity among samples of different causes of death. In conclusion, our examination of human transverse colon microflora in decomposing remains extends emerging literature on postmortem microbial communities, which will ultimately contribute to advanced knowledge of human putrefaction.
A presurgical pregnancy testing protocol is recommended to prevent the administration of surgery and anesthesia to women of childbearing years who present for surgery with an undetected pregnancy. It ...is important to determine the compliance, cost analysis, time required, and barriers to complete a presurgical pregnancy testing protocol.
Postimplementation qualitative and quantitative evaluation of a presurgical pregnancy protocol.
A review of the patient's electronic medical record, survey of the nursing staff, and an administrative interview was conducted 1 year after implementation of the presurgical pregnancy protocol.
Overall presurgical pregnancy protocol compliance was 0.7%. The total labor and equipment costs were $19,033 to $30,202 per year. Nurses reported significant time- and patient-related barriers to execute the protocol.
A pregnancy testing protocol is a valuable safety measure that faces barriers, which can impede compliance. Through the use of simplified protocols, educational interventions for patients and providers, protocol compliance can be increased.
Fenner's veterinary virology Maclachlan, Nigel James; Dubovi, Edward J; Fenner, Frank
2011, 2010, 2010-11-26
eBook, Book
Fenner's Veterinary, Virology, Fourth Edition, is the long awaited new edition of Veterinary Virology, 3e, which was published in 1999. Fully revised and updated by the new author team, partI ...presents the fundamental principles of virology related to animal infection and disease, and partII addresses the clinical features, pathogenesis, diagnosis, epidemiology and prevention of individual diseases. New to this Edition * New author team - one main author to ensure that the book reads like an authored book but with the benefit of using experts to contribute to specific topics * Text has been refocused - part I has been condensed and where appropriate incorporated into part II to make it more user friendly * The number of figures have been increased and are now in full color * Fully revised and updated to include the latest information in the field of veterinary virology * Beautifully illustrated color figures throughout * Organized and current information provided by an expert team of authors
The Portable MHA is a concise, readable book that gives an overview of the information covered in a Master of Health Administration program. The material is presented in a fashion so that ...professionals, administrative academics, and graduate students would be able to read, understand and utilise the information. The text offers distinct benefits to a variety of users. Academic, professional and medical students will be given an understanding of the health care system in which they will have to practice. They will learn how organisations function, and the real role of leadership. Administrative academics, practising clinicians and others assuming management roles but lacking formal training in Health Administration, will be introduced to the language and principles of Health Administration. Graduate students in the field will have the opportunity to be introduced to it by a team of educators experienced in the instruction of a spectrum of students and "real world" consultation experience adding further relevance to their chapters.
* Contains 16 in-depth chapters* Has wide appeal to health/medical and life sciences audiences* Possible textbook use for graduate programs invovled in Health Administration* Can be used as part of an internal educational and orientation course for organizations
Fourier Transform Spectrometry is of immediate use to those who use Fourier transform spectrometers in their research, or are considering their use. The authors' presentations enable readers to ...obtain a clear understanding of FTS, which is crucial to their studies and research.Due to the increasing complexity and commercialization of instrumentation, achieving optimum performance in research applications and automated usage can be challenging. For example, a thorough understanding of the instrument can dramatically affect the outcome of the experiment and the generation of reliable data in applications where conditions are not ideal and resulting signals are weak. This book provides a comprehensive discussion of FTS from the ground up, covering basic concepts, instrumentation, data-processing algorithms, and techniques for computerized spectral analysis.
