The paper optimizes the placement of soft open points (SOPs) devices, shunt capacitor banks (SCBs), and distributed generators (DGs) in the IEEE 69-node distribution power grid for reducing the power ...loss of a single hour and total energy losses of one year. EO is proven to be more effective than previous methods and three other applied algorithms, including the Coot optimization algorithm (COOT), Modified weight inertia factor and modified acceleration coefficients-based particle swarm optimization (CFPSO), and Tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA). So, EO is applied for the last case considering one SOPs, one wind turbine (WT), two solar photovoltaic systems (PVs), and two SCBs over one year with twelve months and 24 h each month. The study reaches the smallest power loss compared to previous studies in the first case with one SOPs device. The results from the second to the fourth cases indicate that the power grid needs the placement of SCBs and DGs first and SOPs devices to reach the lowest power loss. Case 5 indicates that the hybrid system with one WT and two PVs suffers higher power losses than the base system at hours with high generation from renewable sources; however, integrating the SOPs and SCBs into the hybrid system can reach smaller losses than the base system at these hours. Thus, using SOPs and SCBs in integrated distribution power grids with renewable energies can greatly benefit energy loss reduction.
•Integrating soft open points, capacitors and renewable sources into power grids.•Consider a one-year operation period with actual wind speeds and solar radiations.•Reduce total one-year energy loss significantly, obtaining a big profit.•Avoid high losses for power grids with high penetration of renewable sources.•Reach smaller power loss than previous studies for a single 1-h period.
Among mitotic kinases, Aurora kinases are the most widely studied, since their expression is restricted to mitosis. They play a key role in chromosome segregation and cell polyploidy. Aurora kinases ...are important therapeutic targets, and several research groups have directed their efforts toward the identification of kinase inhibitors. The aim of this study is to screen and characterize Aurora kinase inhibitors from natural substances extracted from plants that are used in the Vietnamese pharmacopoeia. We have characterized in vitro Derrone, extracted from Erythrina orientalis L. MURR, as a novel Aurora kinase inhibitor. This compound exhibited an ability to inhibit the phosphorylation of histone H3 at ser10 both in kinase assay and at the cellular level. The compound was more effective against Aurora kinase B, with a lower IC50 value as compared to Aurora A. Moreover, it impaired the mitotic spindle checkpoint and led to endoreduplication in cancer cells, a phenomenon caused by an Aurora B inhibitor. Interestingly, using the xCelligence system and real-time cell analysis (RTCA) software, we set up a comparison of cell proliferation profiles between cancer cells treated with Derrone and VX680—a well-known Aurora kinase inhibitor—and we found that these profiles exhibited considerable similarity in cell morphology, growth, and death. Additionally, Derrone significantly inhibited the formation and growth of MCF7 tumor spheroids.
In our previous study of 3-year-old children in a dioxin contamination hot spot in Vietnam, the high total dioxin toxic equivalent (TEQ-PCDDs/Fs)-exposed group during the perinatal period displayed ...lower Bayley III neurodevelopmental scores, whereas the high 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-exposed group displayed increased autistic traits. In autistic children, urinary amino acid profiles have revealed metabolic alterations in the amino acids that serve as neurotransmitters in the developing brain. Therefore, our present study aimed to investigate the use of alterations in urinary amino acid excretion as biomarkers of dioxin exposure-induced neurodevelopmental deficits in highly exposed 3-year-old children in Vietnam. A nested case-control study of urinary analyses was performed for 26 children who were selected from 111 3-year-old children whose perinatal dioxin exposure levels and neurodevelopmental status were examined in follow-up surveys conducted in a dioxin contaminated hot spot. We compared urinary amino acid levels between the following 4 groups: (1) a high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and high TCDD-exposed group; (2) a high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs but low TCDD-exposed group; (3) a low TEQ-PCDDs/Fs exposed and poorly developed group; and (4) a low TEQ-PCDDs/Fs exposed and well-developed group. Urinary levels of histidine and tryptophan were significantly decreased in the high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and high TCDD group, as well as in the high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs but low TCDD group, compared with the low TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and well-developed group. However, the ratio of histidine to glycine was significantly lower only in the high TEQ-PCDDs/Fs and high TCDD group. Furthermore, urinary histidine levels and the ratio of histidine to glycine were significantly correlated with neurodevelopmental scores, particularly for language and fine motor skills. These results indicate that urinary histidine is specifically associated with dioxin exposure-induced neurodevelopmental deficits, suggesting that urinary histidine may be a useful marker of dioxin-induced neurodevelopmental deficits and that histaminergic neurotransmission may be an important pathological contributor to dioxin-mediated neurotoxicity.
Purpose This research examines how universities enhance the virality of their social media messages among students. Specifically, we explore whether and how positive affective content in ...universities’ social media posts can influence sharing behavior. We also investigate the mediating roles of perceived effort and positive emotional reaction, as well as the moderating effect of visual content (i.e. photos). Design/methodology/approach Drawing upon the emotions as social information model, we conducted (1) an online experiment ( N = 222) and (2) text analysis of 1,269,798 Twitter posts extracted from the accounts of 94 UK universities over 11 years (2010–2020) to test our hypotheses. Findings The findings show that social media posts containing positive affective content encourage sharing behavior and the relationship is mediated by both perceived effort and positive emotional reaction. An additional finding suggests that the use of visual content (photos) strengthens the relationship between positive affective content and sharing behaviors through an interaction effect. Originality/value This study contributes to the scant research focusing on positive affective content in the higher education context. The findings shed light on how universities could create social media communications that engage current and prospective students.
The extract from
(
), a plant that naturally grows in the forests of several provinces of Vietnam, has been traditionally used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of inflammation because of ...its anticancer and antitumor properties. This study reported the green synthesis of stable gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) derived from HAuCl
using the extract of
as reducing and capping agents. Their particle size could be controlled by adjusting the ratio of the extract to HAuCl
solution used (1.25%, 2.5%, 3.75%, 5.0%, and 6.25%). The optimal ratio of the extract was 3.75% (Au-NPs-3.75%). The X-ray powder diffraction analysis demonstrated that the Au-NPs was successfully synthesized. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy result indicated the possible presence of phenolic acids and flavonoids (acting as reducing agents and potential natural antioxidants). Transmission electron microscopy images showed that the particle diameter of Au-NPs-3.75% varied between 13 and 53 nm (average: ∼30 nm) in its spherical shape. The biosynthesized Au-NPs-3.75% exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against HeLa cells, and the inhibitory concentration (IC
) was 12.5 µg/mL at 48 h. Therefore, Au-NPs that were synthesized from environmentally friendly method without the presence of potentially toxic chemicals were highly possible in biomedical applications.
Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from the
extract and its application for anticancer activity.
Two new composites from synthetic clay-like materials and carbon spheres were developed. Layered doubled hydroxides (LDH) were synthesized from the coprecipitation of Mg
2+
and Al
3+
ions. Spherical ...hydrochar (SH) was prepared from pure glucose through hydrothermal carbonization at 190 °C. The composite LDH-SH was synthesized through a simple hydrothermal method of the mixture of LDH and SH. Another composite, LDO-SB, was directly prepared through the carbonization of LDH-SH at 500 °C. Under such high temperature, LDH was converted to layered doubled oxides (LDO), and SH was transferred to spherical biochar (SB). Those materials were characterized by chemical stability, surface morphology and element composition, crystal structure, surface functional group, and textural characteristic. They were applied for removing cationic dye (methylene blue; MB) and anionic dye (Congo red; CR) under different pH solutions. Three adsorption components—kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics—were conducted under batch experimenters. Results demonstrated that the LDH or LDO particles were assembled on the surface of SH or SB, respectively. The surface area, total pore volume, and average pore width of LDH-SH and LDO-SB were 58.5 and 198 m
2
/g, 0.319 and 0.440 cm
3
/g, and 21.8 and 8.89 nm, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of the materials, calculated from the Langmuir model, at 30 °C for CR and MB dyes was 1589 and 78.6 mg/g (LDO-SB) and 499 and 226 mg/g (LDH-SH), respectively. The composites exhibited a higher affinity to anionic than cationic dyes, which resulted from the great contribution of the clay-like materials. Therefore, they can serve as a promising composite for the decolorization of wastewater.
Effects of dioxin exposure on gray matter volume have been reported in previous studies, but a few studies reported effects of dioxin exposure on white matter structure. Therefore, this study was ...undertaken to investigate the impact of dioxin exposure on white matter microstructure in men living in the most severely dioxin-contaminated areas in Vietnam.
In 2019 brain MRI scans from 28 men living near Bien Hoa airbase were obtained at Dong Nai General Hospital, Vietnam, on a 3 T scanner using a conventional diffusion tensor imaging sequence. Two exposure markers were indicated by perinatal exposure estimated by assessment of maternal residency in a dioxin-contaminated area during pregnancy and by measurement of blood dioxin levels. A general linear model was used to compare fractional anisotropy (FA) values in 11 white matter tracts in both hemispheres between groups with and without perinatal dioxin exposure and groups with high and low blood dioxin levels after adjusting for covariates.
The adjusted mean FA value in the left cingulum hippocampal part (CGH) was significantly lower in the perinatal dioxin exposure group compared with the group without perinatal dioxin exposure. The high blood TCDD group showed significantly reduced FA values in the left and right CGH and right uncinate fasciculus (UNC). Moreover, the high blood TEQ-PCDDs group showed significantly lower FA values in the left and right CGH and the left UNC. There were no significant differences in FA values between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDFs levels or between the groups with high and low TEQ-PCDD/Fs levels.
It was concluded that dioxin exposure during the perinatal period and adulthood may alter the microstructure of white matter tracts in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders.
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) is an ideal bone substitute with controllable bioresorption/biodegradation by changing its relative amount of hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) ...compositions. This study investigated the effect of synthetic conditions on the physicochemical properties and the remineralization behaviors of BCP materials in artificial saliva (AS). BCPs were obtained under the sonochemical condition at pH of 5.0 (BCP_5), 7.0 (BCP_7), and 9.0 (BCP_9), and all were sintered at 800, 1000, and 1200 °C. The HA/β-TCP ratio of BCPs increased according to the pH increase during the synthesis process. BCP_5 sintered at 800 °C with the highest β-TCP contents demonstrated (1) fast neutralization capacity to prevent enamel from dissolving in acidic saliva and (2) remineralization ion supply, and (3) new apatite formation found in acidic AS, indicating its high potential remineralization agent for dental care applications.
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•BCPs synthesized at pH 5.0 with high β-TCP had fast neutralization capacity in acidic saliva and ion supply.•BCPs synthesized at pH 5.0 generated new apatite formation in acidic and neutral artificial saliva.•BCPs sintered at 800 and 1000 °C achieved better remineralization properties than 1200 °C.
A TiO2@MWCNTs (multi-wall carbon nanotubes) nanocomposite photoanode is prepared for photoelectrochemical water splitting in this study. The physical and photoelectrochemical properties of the ...photoanode are characterized using field emission-scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy. X-ray diffraction, and linear sweep voltammetry. The results show that the TiO2@MWCNTs nanocomposite has an optical bandgap of 2.5 eV. which is a significant improvement in visible-light absorption capability compared to TiCH (3.14 eV). The cyclic voltammograms show that incorporating TiCH with the MWCNTs leads to a decrease in the electrical double layer, thereby facilitating the electron transfer rate in the TiC>2@MWCNTs electrode. Moreover, the current density of the photoelectrochemical electrode formed by TiC>2@MWCNTs under solar irradiation is significantly higher than that prepared by TiCh (vs Ag/AgCl). The low charge capacity of the TiC>2@MWCNTs electrode-electrolyte interface hinders the recombination of the photogenerated electrons and holes, which contributes to the enhancement of the solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency. The average STH conversion efficiency of the TiC>2@MWCNTs electrode under solar exposure from 6 AM to 5 PM is 11.1%. 8.88 times higher than that of a TiCH electrode. The findings suggested TiC>2@MWCNTs is a feasible nanomaterial to fabricate the photoanode using photoelectrochemical water splitting under solar irradiation.
We studied sandfly (Diptera: Psychodidae) populations in six provinces of Vietnam. This work explores the diversity of sandfly species according to the province, as well as environment, and updated ...information on public health since leishmaniasis cases were reported in two provinces. Sandflies were collected using 428 CDC light traps from May 30 to October 13, 2016 and identified based on the morphology of the cibarium, pharynx and/or male genitalia or female spermathecae. A total of 2585 sandflies belonging to five genera and 13 identified species were collected. The main species were: the Sergentomyia barraudi group (12.53%), Se. sylvatica (9.63%) and Phlebotomus stantoni (3.95%). In all, 294 Sergentomyia specimens classified as Se. sp2 and Se. sp3 and a heterogeneous group, herein called Se. und_sp., showed unknown morphological characteristics requiring further studies. We provide detailed comments about morphological description and taxonomical identification in order to help standardization of sandfly classification in Southeast Asia. We observed differentiation according to the provinces in terms of density and species richness, with Lang Son having the highest density and Ninh Binh having the highest species richness. The majority of specimens were collected in rock caves and outdoors, suggesting mainly cavernicolous and exophilic characters of sandfly species in Northern Vietnam. However, specimens were also collected in intra- and peri-domiciliary sites. It is worth noting that Ph. stantoni was the main species found in dog sheds and indoors, and in particular in a leishmaniasis patient's house.
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