Professional drivers' knowledge about driving-impairing medications is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to develop and test the reliability and validity of the questionnaires designed to ...measure the knowledge and attitude of professional drivers about the influence of various medications on driving ability.
The questionnaires for assessing professional driver's knowledge (performance-based) and attitudes about influence of various medications on driving abilities were developed by creating the item pool, testing reliability and validity, and factor analysis. The study was conducted as a multicenter, cross-sectional study in Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The study population consisted of professional drivers, who filled out both questionnaires in three time intervals.
Both questionnaires showed great internal consistency and temporal stability. Cronbach's Alpha for the first questionnaire was 0.984 and for the second it was 0.944. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin test for the first questionnaire confirmed sampling adequacy with its value of 0.964 and for the second questionnaire it was 0.933. Exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire showed that three factors were revealed after rotation for the first questionnaire and they explained 78.0% of variance. Both questionnaires showed high degree of correlation between scores after the first and repeated administration, Spearman's rho coefficient of correlation for was 0.962 and 0.980.
Based on the results of this study, we believe that both questionnaires are useful tools for testing professional drivers' knowledge and attitudes about the influence of medications on driving ability.
Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, teaching in higher education institutions took place online, or combined. This way of teaching was a challenge for both teachers and students. Aim: The aim ...of the research is to examine the attitudes and experiences of medical students about online teaching. Methods: The research was conducted as a descriptive study. The research instrument is a specially designed questionnaire that assesses student attitudes and experiences with online teaching. The study included 103 students of medical courses, Healthcare and Pharmacy, at the Academy of Vocational Studies Šabac, Department of Medical and Business-Technological Studies in June 2022. Results: The majority of students were in the age category of 19-30 years, female, from the Health Care study program. The students expressed their agreement with the statements about the regularity of online classes at the Department, as well as the way of informing about obligations during online classes. The negative attitude of the students was that online teaching is not a better form of teaching than traditional teaching, as well as that online teaching is suitable for practical exercises. The overall quality of organizing online classes at the Department of Medical and Business-Technological Studies was rated four by most students. Conclusion: In the conditions of the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic, classes are organized well, but in the future, if necessary, classes should be combined. The obtained results will serve to improve the teaching process at the Department.
Background/Aim. Inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics to the patients with acute bronchitis is frequent event in clinical practice with potentially serious consequences, although majority of ...treatment guidelines do not recommend it. The aim of this study was to reveal risk factors associated with inappropriate prescribing of antibiotics to the patients with acute bronchitis in primary healthcare. Methods. This case/control study included the adult patients with acute bronchitis during the initial encounter with a general practitioner. Prescription of an antibiotic was an event that defined the case, and patients without prescribed antibiotic served as controls. Results. Antibiotics (mostly macrolides and beta-lactams) were prescribed to the majority of patients with diagnosis of acute bronchitis (78.5%). A significant association was found between antibiotic prescription rates and patient age, whether an attending physician is a specialist or not and the average number of patients a physician sees per day ORadjustedwas 1.029 (1.007?1.052), 0.347 (0.147?0.818) and 0.957 (0.923?0.992), respectively. Conclusion. When there is primary care encounter with patients suffering from acute bronchitis, older patients are more likely to receive inappropriate antibiotic prescription, especially if their physician is without specialist training and has less patient encounters in his/her office daily.
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