This article describes the important cultural specifics that impact on treatment of overweight and obesity for the Roma people of South Bohemia.
Data on health and nutrition were collected using a ...semi-structured interview of 302 Roma adults (quantitative phase). A further 25 participants received in-depth interviews regarding their eating and lifestyle habits and perceptions about obesity and overweight (qualitative phase). Height and weight were measured with calibrated scales and stadiometer. Qualitative data were analyzed with the "grounded theory" method.
The participants reported a relatively high consumption of high-sugar drinks and foods compared to fruits and vegetables. Lifestyle factors increasing risk of overweight identified from the qualitative interview included unemployment, socially isolating housing, poor transport, poverty, inactivity, tobacco smoking, and for women weight gain after childbirth. Also identified was the need for better health literacy.
Effective health education may help to address risk factors for overweight and obesity in Roma peoples. Other measures include improved socioeconomic status and housing security, and improved health literacy of the Roma people.
Aim: The aim of this study was to present an overview of current knowledge of approaches to improving patient safety and to ensuring continuity of care at clinical information handovers (handoffs). ...Design: Descriptive summarizing study. Methods: PubMed, Science Direct, Embase and Google Scholar databases were studied, focusing on papers published in English over the past five years. The overview included papers dealing with the effectiveness of patient information transfer between members of staff, teams, and healthcare providers. After classification of materials, 28 articles were finally analyzed. Results: The tools for information handovers were mostly (i.e., in 18 instances) based on the mnemonic SBAR list. To a lesser extent, IPASS technology, the structure of body systems, and a checklist for trauma patients were used. The quality of transferred information was most frequently assessed at ICUs. Conclusion: The implementation of structured approaches for both oral and written information on patients is problematic, but the authors agree that it is necessary to take into account the particular conditions and context of communication.
The primary purpose was to map the opinions and experiences nurses acquired during the COVID-19 pandemic, identify significant problems that need to be addressed before the next pandemic, and ...determine the prestige of nurses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The design was descriptive and cross-sectional. A representative sample using sociological research methods was conducted using a non-standardized questionnaire. The sample of nurses was constructed using quota sampling; its structure corresponded to the composition of the overall nursing population in terms of age, sex, and region. The sample consisted of 1197 nurses.
The most significant changes reported by nurses during this period include increased physical workload (89.6%), changes in social (88.4%), and personal lives (76.7%). According to respondents, the prestige of their profession increased during the pandemic compared to the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the two-tailed t-test, the prestige of the nursing profession increased statistically significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses experienced increased physical stress and changes in their social and personal lives. However, the prestige of nurses increased due to their crucial role in the fight against the pandemic.
Objective: The main goal of the study was to find out the general public's awareness of stroke, the relations between the awareness of stroke and socio-demographic factors, and awareness of stroke ...and experience of stroke. Methods: The combination of a non-standardized questionnaire on the stroke prevention and a standardized questionnaire on the identification of the general health literacy (HLSQ-16) was used. The sample was chosen using a quota choice. The sample structure corresponded with the composition of the Czech population with regard to regions, sex and age. These features were determined as representative. The sample consisted of 1,004 respondents. Results: The general awareness of stroke is high in the Czech Republic. Most of the respondents (97.2%) stated that they had ever heard of stroke. This basic awareness is influenced by the sex and marital status of the respondents. Almost one half (42.2%) of the general public would welcome more information on stroke. Women showed significantly higher interest in the information than men. Significantly higher interest could be seen in elderly respondents while younger respondents said significantly more frequently that they were not interested in the information. Married respondents showed a significantly higher degree of awareness. Rural respondents expressed higher interest in the information. The interest in the information dropped with higher education. The interest was significantly influenced by the respondents' sex, place of residence, marital status, and education. Almost 1/4 (24.3%) of respondents mentioned stroke incidence in their families. Our study proved that this incidence significantly varied in dependence on the respondents' sex, age, marital status and education. Further questions were focused on the sources of information on stroke. The most important sources include internet, which was named by nearly one half (48.6%) of respondents, and it was found that women could use the sources of information more frequently than men. Women used all sources of information on stroke (internet, television, families, GPs) more than men. Conclusion: The Czech respondents' interest in stroke is significantly influenced by their sex, age, place of residence, marital status, and the respondents' education. The findings play a role in the focus on preventive activities in this area. It is necessary to implement the general public education not only in general practitioners' offices but also in mass media in order to improve the awareness of stroke.
Hospitals strive, over the long term, to reduce the incidence of falls of hospitalized patients. Falls are monitored, analyzed, and regularly evaluated and corrective and preventive actions are ...established based on the findings. To establish preventive actions, it is essential to determine the circumstances under which the patient fell and in what type of health care facility.
The goal of the study consisted in retrospectively analyzing falls in selected hospitals of the South Bohemian Region in 2014 and 2015.
Our retrospective analysis of 1101 patient falls was reported by the health care staff from 4 hospitals of the South Bohemian Region. The data from the reported incidents (i.e., falls) from individual hospitals were encoded and entered in a database using the SASD statistical program and subsequently subjected to statistical analysis.
The highest frequency of falls was found on internal wards, 565 (51.3%) with the second highest frequency found on subsequent care wards, 267 (24.3%). The study showed that the risk of falls increases with patient age; more than 60% the hospitals, in the monitored period, involved patients over 70 years of age. Falls occurred most frequently in patient rooms and in bathrooms. Statistically significant relationships were identified between the type of ward and the time of the fall, between the type of the ward and the location of the fall, between patient age and the time of the fall, between patient age and the location of the fall, between the time of fall and the location of fall, and between the location of fall and the patient mobility before the fall.
Intensive monitoring of patient falls and the circumstances under which the falls occurred are needed to fully understand the epidemiology of hospital falls.
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