Anatase titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO
2
-NPs) were synthesized with and without gelatin via the sol-gel method. The TiO
2
-NPs were characterized by a number of techniques, such as ...thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The particle sizes of the TiO
2
-NPs prepared with and without gelatin were ∼13 and ∼17 nm, respectively. The main advantage of using gelatin as a stabilizing agent is that it provides long-term stability for nanoparticles by preventing particles agglomeration. The results indicated that gelatin was a reliable green stabilizer, which can be used as a polymerization agent in the sol-gel method for synthesis of tiny size TiO
2
-NPs. Moreover, the composite film was prepared by synthesized TiO
2
-NPs nanoparticles and multi wall carbon nanotube (MWNT) on glassy carbon electrode (TiO
2
-MWNT/GCE). The TiO
2
-MWNT/GCE responded linearly to L-tryptophan (L-Trp) in the concentration of 1.0 × 10
−6
to 1.5 × 10
−4
M with detection limit of 5.2 × 10
−7
M at 3 using amperometry. The studied sensor exhibited good reproducibility and long-term stability.
Abstract
Tungsten trioxide nanorods (WO
3
) were prepared by controlling the precipitation reaction of sodium tungstate dehydrates solution and hydrothermal process. The synthesized tungsten trioxide ...nanorods have been characterized by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). Electrochemical activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on WO
3
nanorods / carbon nanotube (WO
3
/CNT) composite electrocatalyst was first studied in acid solution (0.1 M H
2
SO
4
) at room temperature. The overall experimental results revealed that the electrocatalytic activity for HER on WO
3
/CNT is two order magnitude higher than those obtained with WO
3
nanorods and is four times than in the case of commercial WO
3
in 0.1 M H
2
SO
4
. On the other hand, the kinetic reaction mechanisms were discussed on WO
3
/CNT electrocatalysts in acid solution for HER. However, the rate‐determining step carries through Tafel reaction on commercial WO
3
, CNT, WO
3
nanorods and WO
3
/CNT electrocatalysts in acidic solution was introduced.
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death all over the world. Lifestyle can have an important role not only in reducing risk factors but also in the prevention and treatment of coronary ...heart diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between clinical parameters and various aspects of patients' lifestyles according to the severity of their coronary artery stenosis.
This study was a descriptive, analytic study carried out on 220 patients undergoing coronary angiography at Mazandaran Heart Center. Based on the angiography results, patients were divided into two groups: artery stenosis > 50% (110 cases) and < 50% (110). Patients' lifestyles were evaluated using health-promoting behavior questionnaire. Blood pressure and triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, cholesterol, and fasting blood sugar were also measured. After collecting data, SPSS 21 software, Chi-square test,
-test, and multiple linear regression were used for analysis of the data.
The results showed that in patients with positive angiographic data, there is a significant correlation between clinical parameters and dimensions of health-promoting behavior (
< 0.05).
Given the impact of clinical parameters on various aspects of lifestyle, it seems that by teaching the different aspects of lifestyle (such as having a healthy diet consisting of fresh fruits and vegetables, reducing intake of saturated fat, physical activity and regular exercise, stress management, and blood pressure control) to patients with a positive angiographic result, we can improve their lifestyles by means of improving clinical parameters.
Ability to communicate correctly has been one of the life's basic social skills and its significance in human life is to some extent that some of the experts attribute the human growth foundation ...owners of the leading personal injuries and progress to human relationship. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the interpersonal communication skills among the health care centers staff.
This study was a descriptive-cross sectional study was done among 85 staff in 12 metropolitan and 9 urban health centers in 2013. According to Kerejsi and Morgan's table, 70 employees were determined as samples. Seventy questionnaires were distributed at the mentioned centers and 60 measurable health questionnaires were examined. Demographic data and measure of communication skills: is a 36-items consisting of seven domains: (general Communication, speaking, listening, interpretation and clarification, asking, feedback, and reward and punishment), obtained data were analyzed by inferential statistical tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis and correlation coefficient).
Most respondents 38 (63.3%) were women, 57 (95%) married and 17 (28.1 %) age means of 43-47 years. In the study status of the communication skills status of employees employed in health centres, Sari, "Punish and encourage skills" with mean and total standard deviation of 4.11±37.0 assigned the highest score and "feedback" skill with mean and total standard deviation of 3.68±045 assigned the less score.
Findings showed that public relation skill, listening, reward and punishment in good scope and other skills were in the average scope. No need for training skills of empowerment of staff and their mental health. These results could be used for developing similar instruments in other health workers.
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pediatric heterogeneous psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorder with social and communication deficits, language impairment and ritualistic or ...repetitive behaviors. ASD has significant genetic bases but candidate genes and molecular mechanisms of disorder are not clarified. Neuregulin1 (NRG1) gene, located in 8p12 is involved in development of central nervous system and was indicated as candidate gene in schizophrenia. Methods: mRNA level of types I, II and III of NRG1 gene were studied in peripheral blood of 1540 ASD patients (IQ > 70) and 1490 control children by quantitative Real Time PCR. Also three domains of executive functions (working memory, response inhibition and vigilance) were examined in all subjects. Findings: All three types were significantly down regulated in ASD patients. Significant deficiencies in executive functions (EF) were found in ASD patients. EF deficiencies mostly were associated with down expression of mRNA level of types I and III. Also correlations were found between NRG1 expression with gender and severity of ASD symptoms. Interpretations: Findings primarily have been suggested involvement of NRG1 in etiology of ASD. Also correlation of NRG1 mRNA level with EF deficiencies could shed lights on EF mechanisms and may suggest targeted treatments to improve particular executive functions. Fund: Young researchers and elites club funded the project due to the annual grant of special talents of Club that gave to Arvin Haghighatfard. Keywords: Autism spectrum disorder, NRG1, Gene expression, Executive functions
Background. Tobacco use continues to be the leading global cause of preventable death. The majority of smokers begin using tobacco products at teen ages. The aims of this study were providing a ...methodology of Isfahan Tobacco Use Prevention Program and investigating the prevalence of tobacco use and its related factors. Method. It was a cross-sectional study among guidance and high school students in Isfahan province. Initiation, social, psychological (depression and self-efficacy), family, and attitudinal and belief factors and school policy toward smoking (cigarettes and water-pipe) were investigated. Saliva qutinin was given from 5% of participants for determination of accuracy of responses. A self-administered anonymous questionnaire was used for gathering all data. Results. Of all 5500 questionnaires distributed, about 5408 completed questionnaires were returned (with response rate of 98.3%). Of all participants, 2702 (50.0%) were girls and 2706 (50.0%) were boys. Respectively, 4811 (89.0%) and 597 (11.0%) were from urban and rural. Of all participants, 2445 (45.2%) were guidance school and 2962 (54.8%) were high school students. Conclusion. This study will provide a unique opportunity to study prevalence of smoking cigarettes and water-pipe (ghelyan) among guidance and high school students in Isfahan province and determine the role of initiation, social, psychological, family, and attitudinal and belief factors and school policy toward smoking.
Methods: In this study, 230 patients who referred to Hajar hospital of Shahrekord with complain of gastric disorders, diagnosed for undergoing upper endoscopy, demographic data were recorded. 1 ...biopsy of antrum was collected; biop- sies were checked by 16sRNA and glm genes by polymerase chain reaction for H. pylori, and type of disease was diagnosed by Gastroenterologist.
There was inconsistent evidence showing that vitamin D intake may be associated with reduced cancer risk due to optimized metabolic profile and reduced oxidative stress. However, we are not aware of ...any study evaluating the effects of vitamin D supplementation on clinical response and metabolic status of patients with endometrial hyperplasia (EH). This research was done to evaluate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on clinical response and metabolic status of patients with EH. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted among 60 women diagnosed with EH. EH diagnosis was made based on specific diagnostic procedures of biopsy. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups to intake either 50,000 IU vitamin D3 supplements (
n
= 30) or placebo (
n
= 30) every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. After the 12-week intervention, compared with the placebo, vitamin D supplementation increased serum-25(OH) vitamin D levels (+12.0 ± 10.4 vs. +1.9 ± 7.1 ng/mL,
P
< 0.001). In addition, vitamin D administration was associated with significant decreases in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (−1.6 ± 7.0 vs. +2.1 ± 6.1 mg/dL,
P
= 0.03), serum insulin levels (−0.8 ± 1.9 vs. +1.1 ± 3.5 μIU/mL,
P
= 0.01), homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (−0.2 ± 0.6 vs. +0.3 ± 0.8,
P
= 0.01), and a significant increase in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (+0.003 ± 0.01 vs. −0.01 ± 0.02,
P
= 0.02) compared with the placebo. Additionally, a significant decrease in serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (−1.9 ± 2.8 vs. −0.003 ± 2.0 μg/mL,
P
= 0.003) and a significant rise in plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values (+62.5 ± 53.5 vs. +7.5 ± 34.1 mmol/L,
P
< 0.001) were observed following supplementation with vitamin D compared with the placebo. In conclusion, vitamin D3 supplementation for 12 weeks among women with EH had beneficial effects on glucose metabolism, serum hs-CRP, and plasma TAC concentrations. In addition, vitamin D may have played an indirect role in reducing complications of EH due to its effect on improved glycemic control, hs-CRP, and TAC concentrations.
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