Objectives
Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been fully explored in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS); therefore, we compared HRQoL between APS patients and the general population and ...assessed the impact of thromboembolic history.
Methods
HRQoL was measured in a multicentre cohort study by the Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (MOS-SF-36) questionnaire. HRQoL scores were compared to the French general population norms. Factors significantly associated with an impaired HRQoL were identified.
Results
A total of 115 patients with aPL and/or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were included (mean age 42.7 ± 14.1 years old, 86 women). In 53 patients APS was diagnosed. Compared to general population norms, patients with APS had an impaired HRQoL. SLE-associated APS patients had the worst HRQoL scores (physical component summary (PCS)=40.8 ± 10.6; mental component summary (MCS)=40.6 ± 16.5) in comparison with SLE or aPL patients without thromboembolic history. In APS patients, history of arterial thrombosis significantly impaired HRQoL (PCS score: 42.2 ± 9.4 vs 49.2 ± 8.5; MCS score: 33.9 ± 13.7 vs 44.6 ± 10.3).
Conclusion
Compared to the general population, APS patients experienced a lower HRQoL. In these patients, a history of arterial thrombosis significantly impaired HRQoL. Therefore, measurements of HRQoL should be included in APS patient management to assess the burden of the disease from a patient’s perspective and to provide patients with the support they need.
Des échantillons provenant de 70 points de prélèvement dans le granite du Kagenfels (Vosges septentrionales) ont été analysés tant du point de vue pétrographique que géochimique. Parmi les types très ...divers, l'attention a été surtout retenue par le granite à grain fin ou moyen, le granophyre et la rhyolite. L'abondance relative et la taille des phénocristaux, ainsi que le remplissage des miaroles sont caractéristiques ; on peut en déduire des données sur la cristallisation et la succession des minéraux ainsi que sur le mode d'intrusion du granite, du granophyre et de la rhyolite.
Du calcul de la norme (CIPW) et de la distribution des concentrations en K, Rb, Sr, Ti, Zr, on peut déduire deux tendances essentielles dans le processus de différenciation magmatique : l'une granitique et continue dans la partie W-E du massif, l'autre subvolcanique à rhyolitique dans la partie N-S.
Background/purpose
The Stratum Corneum (SC) barrier function mainly depends on the SC structure at the tissue level, its composition, and the organization of intercellular lipidic cement at the ...molecular level. The goal of this study was to assess the age‐dependent changes of the SC barrier function and the associated physiological parameters.
Methods
This study was conducted on 40 French women divided into four groups of age. Measurements were done on three sites: cheek, protected, and exposed arm sites. SC composition (water, lipid/protein ratio, cholesterol, and ceramides) was measured using Raman confocal microspectroscopy, skin surface hydration using skin conductance, and barrier function through transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements.
Results
Transepidermal water loss decreases slightly with age, which is partially explained by the age‐dependent increase in SC thickness. This decrease is faster for the face compared to both arm sites. The lipid to protein ratio and lipid compactness decrease significantly with age only for the arm sites. Water concentration profiles only decrease very close to the skin surface. At all ages tested, the SC on the cheek showed significantly higher TEWL, water and lipid content and less thickness compared to the arm sites. Comparison of the exposed to unexposed arm site showed difference only for the lipid compactness at the older group studied.
Conclusion
Skin aging, body site and environmental exposure can affect the SC barrier function, its structure, and its lipid content. The thickening of the SC with age compensates for the decrease of the quantity and ordering of the lipidic cement.
The integral membrane protein cytochrome f contains an amino-terminal signal sequence that is required for translocation into the thylakoid membrane. The signal sequence contains a hydrophobic core ...neighbored by an amino-terminal charged residue. Mutations that introduce charged amino acids into the hydrophobic core are inhibitory to cytochrome f translocation, and thus render cells non-photosynthetic. We have isolated both nuclear and chloroplast suppressors of these mutations by selecting for restoration of photosynthetic growth of Chlamydomonas. Here we describe the characterization of two chloroplast, second site suppressor mutations. Both suppressors remove the positively charged amino acid that borders the amino terminus of the hydrophobic core, and replace this arginine with either a cysteine or a leucine. The existence of these suppressors suggests that the hydrophobic core can be shifted in position within the signal sequence, and analysis of triple mutants in the signal confirms this hypothesis. Thus this signal that mediates translocation into the thylakoid membrane is characterized by a hydrophobic region whose exact amino acid content is not critical, and that need not be flanked on its amino terminus by a charged residue.
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