Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is a major causative agent of acute hepatitis worldwide. Although discovered in 1973, due to limitations of applicable serological and/or molecular methods, HAV remained under ...limited diagnosis until the late 1980s. This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the serological and molecular prevalence of the HAV infection among 421 (n = 421) patients with a clinical and laboratory suspicion of acute hepatitis who were admitted in a reference laboratory in the Brazilian Eastern Amazon during 1982 and 1983. The 421 serum samples were screened for anti‐HAV IgM antibodies by enzymatic immunoassays. Positive samples were submitted to total RNA purification and tested by Nested reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction to amplify the HAV‐RNA VP1‐2A (522 bp) region. Anti‐HAV IgM antibodies were detected in 66% (278/421) of the patients. The highest prevalence was observed among males (57.9%, 161/278), and most often among children under 10 years old (63.3%, 176/278). HAV‐RNA was detected in 74.4% (207/278) of anti‐HAV IgM positive samples. HAV genotyping was performed in 71 samples, and 69 were classified into subgenotype IA. Two samples belonged to the HAV subgenotype IIIA. In this sense, retrospective studies can help in understanding the evolution and determination of wild genotypes and subtypes of HAV.
Highlights
Serological and molecular evaluation of 421 suspected cases of hepatitis A from the Brazilian Amazon in 1982 and 1983.
Anti‐HAV IgM antibodies were detected in 66% (278/421) of the patients.
Higher serological prevalence among children younger than 10 years old.
The HAV‐RNA was detected in 74.4% (207/278) of anti‐HAV IgM positive samples.
HAV genotyping was performed in 71 samples, and 69 were classified into subgenotype IA and two belonged to subgenotype IIIA.
The advance of digital agriculture combined with computational tools and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) has enabled the collection of data for reliably extracting vegetation indices and biophysical ...parameters derived from the Structure from Motion (SfM) algorithm. This work aimed to evaluate the accuracy of the photogrammetry technique using an SfM point cloud for the estimation of the height (h) and crown diameter (d) of coffee trees from aerial images obtained by UAV with an RGB (Red, Green, Blue) camera and compared the results with data measured in situ for 12 months. The experiment was carried out in a coffee plantation, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. A rotary-wing UAV was used in autonomous flight mode and coupled to a conventional camera, flying at a height of 30 m with an image overlap of 80% and a speed of 3 m/s. The images were processed using PhotoScan software, and the analyses were performed in Qgis. A correlation of 87% was obtained between the h values in the field and h values obtained by the UAV, and there was a 95% correlation between the d values obtained in the field and the values obtained by the UAV. It was possible to obtain significant estimates of the attributes, such as the h and d of coffee trees, using UAV–SfM images acquired with an RGB digital camera.
To evaluate bone marrow fat fraction using the Dixon technique (FFDix) of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a potential biomarker of haemolysis and clinical severity in the overall assessment and ...follow-up of sickle cell disease (SCD) patients.
The present study was a cross-sectional study in which healthy individuals and SCD patients (matched for age, sex, and weight) were subjected to MRI of the lumbar spine and pelvis to quantify FFDix in the bone marrow using the Dixon technique. SCD severity was analysed by clinical and laboratory data, and an online calculator. A high degree of haemolysis was defined using the cut-off values haemoglobin (Hb) ≤10 g/dl, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) ≥325 U/l, reticulocytes ≥3% and total bilirubin (TB) ≥1.2 mg/dl. Pearson's correlation, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and binary logistic regression analysis were performed.
Forty-eight SCD patients (26 homozygous: HbSS and 22 compound heterozygous: HbSC) and 48 healthy individuals participated in the study. FFDix was lower in SCD patients than in the control group, showing even lower values in the HbSS subtype and patients with a higher degree of haemolysis. HbSC patients with a higher degree of haemolysis using hydroxyurea (medium dosage 9.8 mg/kg/day) had lower FFDix. ROC curves and odds ratios for detecting patients with a higher degree of haemolysis at the different FFDix measurement sites demonstrated excellent performance: iliac bones (cut-off ≤16.75%, AUC = 0.824, p<0.001), femoral heads (cut-off ≤46.7%, AUC = 0.775, p=0.001), lumbar vertebrae (cut-off ≤7.8%, AUC = 0.755, p=0.002).
Decreased FFDix is indicative of higher degree of haemolysis and SCD severity with great potential as a non-invasive biomarker contributing to the overall assessment and follow-up of SCD patients.
Pollen grain storage is justifiable in maize breeding programs due to the non-coincident flowering of lines and/or cultivars to be bred. Thus, pollen storage techniques have been developed which ...preserve pollen efficiency. The aim of this work was to verify the viability of stored pollen through in vivo and in vitro tests. Pollen grains of four maize cultivars were stored in freezer for 2, 4, 8, 14 and 15 days. Pollen viability was assessed through determination of seed production per ear, color tests and in vitro pollen germination. The percentage of in vitro pollen germination and seed production, independent of storage time, was 13 percent on average. In the color test, all analyzed cultivars presented more than 95% viability, independent of in vitro germination percentage and seed production per ear. The storage of maize pollen is a viable procedure; however, it is necessary to adjust the storage techniques, as well as the tests for assessing pollen viability.
Introdução: A atuação do enfermeiro para promoção da qualidade de vida do paciente ocorre nas mais variadas doenças e patologias, destaca-se neste trabalho a prática direcionada ao paciente com ...HIV/AIDS perpassando pelos aspectos técnicos até se chegar de fato ao tratamento paliativo efetivo. Objetivo: Compreender o processo que leva o sujeito infectado com o HIV/AIDS a ter qualidade de vida a partir dos aspectos físicos, psicossocial e emocional no atendimento oferecido pelo SUS com a efetivação dos Direitos fundamentais através do enfermeiro. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, as bases de dados utilizadas são: NCBI/PubMed (National Center for BiotechnologyInformation), SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Lirary Online), Google Acadêmico e Lilacs - Bireme (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde). Para delimitação dos conteúdos foram utilizados critérios de inclusão: artigos disponíveis na integra, em português e inglês, publicados no período de 2014 a 2021 com acesso gratuito com pertinência temática, ao final foram selecionados 10 artigos para análise. Resultados e discussão: O consenso de que a qualidade de vida existe a partir da desenvoltura de toda uma engrenagem constituída pela efetivação dos direitos fundamentais pelo Estado perante as pessoas que vivem com o HIV/AIDS através da oferta de tratamentos e medicamentos que atendam às suas necessidades a ponto de possibilitar o acesso à saúde concretizando o direito ligado à dignidade humana, ressaltando, sobretudo a assistência do enfermeiro neste contexto do paciente com HIV/AIDS. Considerações finais: Conclui-se que o enfermeiro deve atuar no âmbito dos pacientes com HIV/AIDS com tecnicidade, respeito, dignidade, ética, profissionalismo, tratando paciente em pé de igualdade e esclarecendo dentro de seus conhecimentos os principais direitos correlacionados ao atendimento no sistema de saúde.
The Observations and Modeling of the Green Ocean Amazon 2014–2015 (GoAmazon2014/5) experiment took place around the urban region of Manaus in central Amazonia across 2 years. The urban pollution ...plume was used to study the susceptibility of gases, aerosols, clouds, and rainfall to human activities in a tropical environment. Many aspects of air quality, weather, terrestrial ecosystems, and climate work differently in the tropics than in the more thoroughly studied temperate regions of Earth. GoAmazon2014/5, a cooperative project of Brazil, Germany, and the United States, employed an unparalleled suite of measurements at nine ground sites and on board two aircraft to investigate the flow of background air into Manaus, the emissions into the air over the city, and the advection of the pollution downwind of the city. Herein, to visualize this train of processes and its effects, observations aboard a low-flying aircraft are presented. Comparative measurements within and adjacent to the plume followed the emissions of biogenic volatile organic carbon compounds (BVOCs) from the tropical forest, their transformations by the atmospheric oxidant cycle, alterations of this cycle by the influence of the pollutants, transformations of the chemical products into aerosol particles, the relationship of these particles to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, and the differences in cloud properties and rainfall for background compared to polluted conditions. The observations of the GoAmazon2014/5 experiment illustrate how the hydrologic cycle, radiation balance, and carbon recycling may be affected by present-day as well as future economic development and pollution over the Amazonian tropical forest.
•Sulfated polysaccharide (SFP) possess a high sulfate content.•The main constituent of the SFP is iota-carrageenan.•SFP reduced the oxidative stress and the gastric damage in vivo.•SFP also revealed ...the relevant antioxidant activity in vitro.
A sulfated polysaccharide (SFP) fraction from the marine alga Solieria filiformis was extracted and submitted to microanalysis, molar mass estimation and spectroscopic analysis. We evaluated its gastroprotective potential in vivo in an ethanol-induced gastric damage model and its in vitro antioxidant properties (DPPH, chelating ferrous ability and total antioxidant capacity). Its chemical composition revealed to be essentially an iota-carrageenan with a molar mass of 210.9kDa and high degree of substitution for sulfate groups (1.08). In vivo, SFP significantly (P<0.05) reduced, in a dose dependent manner, the ethanol-induced gastric damage. SFP prevents glutathione consume and increase of malondialdehyde and hemoglobin levels. SFP presented an IC50 of 1.77mg/mL in scavenging DPPH. The chelating ferrous ability was 38.98%, and the total antioxidant capacity was 2.01mg/mL. Thus, SFP prevents the development of ethanol-induced gastric damage by reducing oxidative stress in vivo and possesses relevant antioxidant activity in vitro.
This study evaluates the effects of a green tea (Camellia sinensis) and hyaluronic acid gel on fibroblast activity and alveolar bone repair following third molar extractions. By examining the gene ...expression related to cell survival, proliferation, and angiogenesis, the study bridges in vitro findings with clinical outcomes in a split-mouth randomized trial. Human fibroblasts were exposed to the treatment gel, analysing gene expression through RT-qPCR. Twenty participants undergoing bilateral third molar extractions received the test gel on one side and a placebo on the other. Assessments included patient-reported outcomes, professional evaluations, and radiographic analyses at multiple postoperative intervals. The test gel significantly enhanced AKT, CDKs, and VEGF gene expressions, indicating a positive effect on angiogenesis and cell proliferation. Clinically, it resulted in reduced exudate, swelling, and secondary interventions, with radiographs showing improved alveolar bone density after 90 days. The green tea and hyaluronic acid gel significantly improves soft tissue and bone healing post-extraction, offering a promising adjunctive therapy for enhancing postoperative recovery. This gel represents a novel adjuvant treatment option for facilitating improved healing outcomes after third molar extractions, highlighting its potential utility in clinical dental practice.
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