Extraction of Th(IV) ion from perchlorate media at high ionic strength (I=1.00, 3.00 and 5.00M) using didodecylphosphoric acid was studied. The effect of HDDPA concentration, ionic strength, pcH and ...temperature on the extraction processes have been studied in perchlorate media. From the equation of the extraction process, (Kex) extraction constant can be calculated from the distribution ratio Dc values at different temperatures. Enthalpy, free energy and entropy changes were determined. The composition of the complex formed were established to correspond to Th(X)4(HR2)Yorg, where X=ClO4−, Y=1 or 2, HR2 is HDDPA molecule and R2 is deprotonated HDDPA molecule.
Extraction of Th(IV) ion from nitrate media at high ionic strength (I=1.00, 3.00, 5.00 and 7.00M) using didodecylphosphoric acid was studied. The effect of HDDPA concentration, ionic strength, pcH ...and temperature on the extraction processes have been studied in nitrate media. From the equation of the extraction process, (Kex) extraction constant can be calculated from the distribution ratio Dc values at different temperatures. Enthalpy, free energy and entropy changes were determined. The composition of the complex formed were established to correspond to Th(X)4(HR2)Yorg, where X=NO3- and Y=1 or 2, HR2=HDDPA molecule and R2=deprotonated HDDPA molecule.
This study seeks to examine the conjunction "even" (ḥattā) in Surah Al-Baqarah. In aiming to do so, it will attempt to highlight its grammatical and argumentative role. To achieve its goal, the study ...is divided into two contexts: theoretical and applied. The theoretical context includes three main points: the first is a theoretical introduction on the importance of conjunctions and their role in structural construction, the second is an introduction on "even" according to grammarians and its types, and the third is a detailed discussion of its argumentative role. The applied context is based on three main points: the first is "even" in verses of stubbornness and disbelief, the second is "even" in verses of killing and its philosophy, and the third is "even" in verses of permissibility and change of rulings.
Abstract Background Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is considered one of the most common medical disorders observed during pregnancy. In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), anemia and ...micronutrients deficiencies among pregnant women are associated with low consumption of animal products, monotonous starchy-diets, and seasonal consumption of vegetables and fruits. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 198 pregnant mothers aged between 19–45 years who visited the antenatal care clinics in Northern Jordan to document the prevalence of IDA and to describe the associations between dietary diversity, diet quality scores and oral iron supplementation with the pregnant women iron status. Participants were stratified into three groups by gestational age ( n = 66 women per group). Gestational age, blood parameters, minimum dietary diversity score (MDD-W), and prime diet quality score for healthy (PDQSHF) and unhealthy foods (PDQSUF) were assessed using 24- hour dietary recall. Results Prevalence of mild to moderate anemia was 27.8% among pregnant women. Third-trimester pregnant women were most affected. 52.5% have depleted iron stores (ferritin < 15 ng/ml), of them 30.8% have iron deficiency, and 21.7% have IDA. The (M ± SD) of the MDD-W, PDQSHF, and PDQSUF were 4.8 ± 1.6, 12.8 ± 3.9, and 7.2 ± 2.8 respectively. 52.5% achieved the MDD-W, 68% consumed < 4 servings/week of healthy food groups, and 50% consumed > 4 servings/week of unhealthy food groups. Mothers with higher MDD-W and PDQS had higher Hb and serum concentrations. Those taking iron supplements had significantly ( p = 0.001) higher means of Hb, serum ferritin, and gestational weight gain. Significant differences were also found between PDQSHF, PDQSUF and the first and third trimester. Conclusions Mild to moderate IDA is prevalent among pregnant mothers, especially in the third trimester. However, the prevalence of IDA among Jordanian pregnant women is lower than the global average. A high-quality, diverse diet, combined with oral iron supplementation and food fortification with iron, will help improve iron status, prevent anemia, and reduce its prevalence.
Selection of poultry for fast growth rate is often accompanied by a reduction in specific immune responses or increased disease susceptibility. In this study, 17-wk-old male turkeys from each of four ...closed genetic lines, a randombred control (RBC) line and its subline (F) selected for increased 16-wk BW, and another RBC and its subline (E) selected for increased egg production, were tested for in vivo response to toe web inoculation with phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA-P), in vitro response of lymphocytes in whole blood to PHA-P and concanavalin A (Con A), hemolytic complement activity, differential white blood cell counts, hematology, and serum chemistry values. Fifteen male turkeys from each of two commercial lines, Com A and Com B, were also tested. The large-bodied F line birds had a lower toe web response to PHA-P, lower lymphocyte counts, and lower relative spleen weights than their smaller parent line. Body weights, total erythrocyte counts, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, and in vitro mitogenic response to PHA-P and Con A were higher in the F line birds. Line E had lower hemolytic complement levels, lower relative spleen and relative bursal weights, and a higher in vitro mitogenic response to PHA-P than its parent line. The Com B line had a lower toe web response to PHA-P, and lower serum levels of gamma-glutamyltransferase and bilirubin than Com A. Line Com B had higher total RBC counts and higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) than Com A. These results support the concept that some changes in the cell-mediated immune response, as well as other physiological changes that may potentially affect immune response, appear to accompany selection for faster growth.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 on total homocysteine (tHcy) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and liver and kidney function tests in overweight women with ...vitamin D deficiency. Therefore, a randomised, double-blind placebo, controlled clinical trial was conducted on 100 eligible women. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups: the placebo (n 50) and the vitamin D (n 50) which received 1250 µg vitamin D3 per week for 2 months. The participants' 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), tHcy, CRP, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea, creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured and compared before and after treatment. Results showed that the tHcy, CRP, AST, ALT and eGFR levels after the 2nd month of vitamin D3 intervention were significantly (P < 0·001) decreased and the 25(OH)D, urea and creatinine levels were significantly (P < 0·001) increased in the treatment group. In the placebo group, no significant changes were identified throughout the follow-up period. In conclusion, vitamin D3 intervention with a treatment dose of 1250 µg/week for at least 2 months may help in lowering Hcy and CRP levels and may improve liver function tests, which in turn might help in minimising the risk of CVD and liver diseases among overweight women but negatively affect kidney function.
Cell phones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation are prejudicial to human fertility. The objective was to study the effect of cell phone usage on semen quality and men's fertility.
A ...cross-sectional observational study conducted on 159men attending infertility clinics at North, Middle and South Governorates in Jordan and undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into two groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: ≤1h/day and group B: >1h/day. No interventions were given to patients and semen samples were collected by masturbation in a sterile container after an abstinence period of 5days. The main outcome measures were sperm volume, liquefaction time, pH, viscosity, count, motility and morphology.
There were no statistical significance differences (p>0.05) between both groups regarding sperm quality parameters according to cell phone use, but there were statistical differences in the frequencies of sperm concentration, volume, viscosity, liquefaction time and means of immotile sperms and abnormal morphology. In addition, time spend on watching television and using wireless phones were significantly (p≤0.05) associated with decreasing mean percentages of normal morphology. The distance from telecommunication tower was significantly (p≤0.05) associated with decreasing sperms volume. Meanwhile, the time spend on sending or receiving messages was significantly (p≤0.05) associated with decreasing sperms count and carrying mobile phone in trouser pocket was significantly associated with increasing means of immotile sperms.
Cell phone use might have a negative effect on semen quality parameters and further research is needed.
The magnetization response including dipole–dipole interactions of a pair of macrospins following the sudden alteration of a dc magnetic field is calculated from the stochastic ...Gilbert-Landau-Lifshitz equation by reducing the overall task to an infinite hierarchy of differential-recurrence relations in the time domain for the statistical moments (averaged products of spherical harmonics in this case), which is exactly solved in the frequency domain by matrix continued fractions. The greatest relaxation time and dynamic susceptibility are then compared with the corresponding results for two exchange-coupled spins using the same exact method. For a given interaction parameter dipole–dipole coupling in the circularly symmetric configuration considered has a much more pronounced effect on the magnetization dynamics than exchange coupling principally manifested by a greater increase in the relaxation time.
Identify gastrointestinal cancer patients with severe muscle mass depletion and malnutrition risk. Discuss the importance of screening for malnutrition risk, the severity of muscle mass depletion and ...nutrition care plans for gastrointestinal cancer patients. Explain the health impacts of muscle mass depletion and malnutrition on cancer patients.
One hundred Jordanian (60 male and 40 female) gastrointestinal (GI) cancer patients diagnosed either with gastric or colorectal cancer were screened for malnutrition risk using the malnutrition universal screening tool (MUST) and for muscle mass depletion using mid upper arm muscle area (MUAMA) and fat free mass index (FFMI). Statistical differences between study subjects by gender and type of gastrointestinal cancer were performed.
80% of the study subjects have high risk for malnutrition and 60% of them have severe muscle mass depletion. Gastric cancer patients have higher risk of malnutrition compared to colorectal (90.2% vs 72.9%) and for muscle mass depletion by FFMI and MUAMA (70.7% vs 61.0% and 65.8% vs 55.9%) respectively. A statically significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences were found between male and female patients regarding muscle mass depletion by MUAMA and FFMI but not found between gastric and colorectal cancer patients. Although, Chi-square results showed only significant differences in MUAMA and FFMI of females diagnosed with gastric or colorectal cancer.
Risks of malnutrition and severe muscle depletion are prevalent among GI cancer patients and nutrition care plans as well as behavioral life-style modifications are urgently needed.
This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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