Patient education constitutes a relevant strategy to improve pain management. In the field of therapeutic patient education (TPE), we aimed 1) to assess pain impact in cancer patients, 2) to identify ...patients' educative needs in pain management, and 3) to refine research criteria for its future evaluation.
Pain intensity, relief and interference were assessed in 75 cancer patients with unbalanced background pain. Self-assessment questionnaire evaluated i) patients' pain management and ii) their knowledge and needs in TPE.
Most patients experienced pain for more than 6 months and 41.6% reported adequate pain relief. Understanding pain and pain management were major patients' preferences (>58%). Most patients declared they knew their pain treatments, but fewer than half of them were able to name them. However, education concerning pain treatment was considered as essential in <30% of patients. Almost all patients (97.1%) stated pain education as beneficial, with a preference for individualized sessions (41.2%). In addition, the assessment criteria for its future evaluation were refined.
Targeted population mainly concerned patients with persistent pain. Only half of patients reported pain relief despite antalgics. Patient education was declared as beneficial for almost all participants.
Tailoring a pain TPE on patients' needs has the potential to help them to optimally manage their pain daily.
Context. Young and close multiple systems are unique laboratories to probe the initial dynamical interactions between forming stellar systems and their dust and gas environment. Their study is a key ...building block to understanding the high frequency of main-sequence multiple systems. However, the number of detected spectroscopic young multiple systems that allow dynamical studies is limited. GW Orionis is one such system. It is one of the brightest young T Tauri stars and is surrounded by a massive disk. Aims. Our goal is to probe the GW Orionis multiplicity at angular scales at which we can spatially resolve the orbit. Methods. We used the IOTA/IONIC3 interferometer to probe the environment of GW Orionis with an astronomical unit resolution in 2003, 2004, and 2005. By measuring squared visibilities and closure phases with a good UV coverage we carry out the first image reconstruction of GW Ori from infrared long-baseline interferometry. Results.We obtained the first infrared image of a T Tauri multiple system with astronomical unit resolution. We show that GW Orionis is a triple system, resolve for the first time the previously known inner pair (separation ρ ~ 1.4 AU) and reveal a new more distant component (GW Ori C) with a projected separation of ~ 8 AU with direct evidence of motion. Furthermore, the nearly equal (2:1) H-band flux ratio of the inner components suggests that either GW Ori B is undergoing a preferential accretion event that increases its disk luminosity or that the estimate of the masses has to be revisited in favour of a more equal mass-ratio system that is seen at lower inclination. Conclusions. Accretion disk models of GW Ori will need to be completely reconsidered because of this outer companion C and the unexpected brightness of companion B.
Model fitting tutorial Tallon-Bosc, I.; Tallon, M.; Thiébaut, E. ...
New astronomy reviews,
10/2007, Volume:
51, Issue:
8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
The purpose of this tutorial is not to describe the theory of model fitting, but to focus on practical aspects and to learn how to work around difficulties. For practice, we use LITpro, a software ...currently developed within the JMMC
1
The web-site of the Jean-Marie Mariotti Center is
http://www.mariotti.fr.
1
research group. LITpro is based on a modified Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm and its architecture allows a flexible implementation of complex models and fits with heterogeneous data. Through the analyzis of an example of a fit on simulated interferometric data, we learn how to deal with degeneracies and how to tackle the problem of local minima, with tools provided by LITpro.
This study aimed to identify and compare physician-pharmacist perceptions concerning drug teaching to physicians by pharmacists in Swiss hospital settings.
Questionnaires were emailed to all ...French-speaking physicians (survey A) and pharmacists (survey B) working in Swiss hospitals where medical directors/chief-pharmacists had approved the study. Questions were developed based on previous physician interviews. Most questions used four Likert-type response alternatives. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare answers to survey A and B.
Fourteen out of 18 medical directors and 16/16 chief-pharmacists gave permission for the study. In total, 244 (11%) physicians answered survey A, and 115 (74%) pharmacists answered survey B. Nearly all participants agreed that pharmacists should take part in both medical student and physician postgraduate training. Most physicians answered wanting additional training and pharmacists are unaware of this need. Only two thirds of physicians reported having acquired knowledge about drugs thanks to pharmacists; document diffusion and direct answers to their questions having contributed the most to their training. Participants agreed that physician training by pharmacists needs a clearer delineation regarding the type of training, its aim, its targeted public, when and what pharmaceutical benefits are used. Physicians' priority-training topics are high-risk drugs, novelties and areas in which they consider their basic training was insufficient. Methods preferred for training are: case studies; exercises with individual corrections; and group work.
Improved resources and planning are needed to meet physicians' expectations. Training is often carried out implicitly, through activities with various other aims, and needs to be better defined and formalized collaboratively.
Assessment of human exposure to RF signals which are rapidly variable in time and wide-banded is not yet standardized. Signals in IEEE 802.11 standards are widespread among population use due to ...presence of wireless local area network in everyday life. Recently, with technological advancement of real-time vector signal analyzers, a more precise exposure evaluation became achievable. However, such instruments are prohibitive and not available for the majority of metrological laboratories. Therefore, it is of great value to improve accuracy obtained by using swept-spectrum analyzers through procedural adequacy. This paper contributes to the refinement of the measurement procedure of stochastic-like radio signals level by a solution of averaging which responds to the dual variability character of such signals: in time and in amplitude.
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