Ninety six accessions including 92 of
Solanum melongena and four related non-tuberous species (
Solanum insanum,
S. incanum,
S. integrifolium and
S. sysimbriifolium) were taken for the assessment of ...genetic diversity using 23 STMS primers. Eleven of the 23 primers tested showed polymorphism. The number of alleles per primer ranged from three to six with an average of 4.4.
S. melongena had maximum average similarity with its closely related species,
S. insanum (0.67) and minimum average similarity with the wild species,
S. sysimbriifolium (0.50). The two weedy species
S. incanum and
S. integrifolium showed more average similarity value of 0.62 and 0.61, respectively with the cultivated
S. melongena.
S. insanum.
S. incanum and
S. integrifolium were relatively similar to each other with similarity index value of 0.61 (between
S. insanum and
S. incanum), 0.63 (between
S. insanum and
S. integrifolium) and 0.62 (between
S. incanum and
S. integrifolium). In contrast
S. sysimbriifolium was most divergent with the similarity value of 0.49, 0.47 and 0.51 with
S. insanum,
S. incanum and
S. integrifolium, respectively. The closely related species
S. insanum and
S. incanum, which clustered along with
S. melongena accessions, being crossable with cultivated species, constitute important sources of genes that can be introgressed by backcross breeding. Molecular markers can be employed to identify the hybrids and also to monitor introgression of the useful genes.
The first measurement at the LHC of charge-dependent directed flow (v1) relative to the spectator plane is presented for Pb-Pb collisions at √ s NN = 5.02 TeV . Results are reported for charged ...hadrons and D 0 mesons for the transverse momentum intervals p T > 0.2 GeV / c and 3 < p T < 6 GeV / c in the 5%–40% and 10%–40% centrality classes, respectively. The difference between the positively and negatively charged hadron v 1 has a positive slope as a function of pseudorapidity η , dΔv1/dη = 1.68 ± 0.49 ( stat ) ± 0.41 ( syst ) × 10−4 . The same measurement for D0 and ¯ D0 mesons yields a positive value d Δv1/dη = 4.9 ± 1.7 ( stat ) ± 0.6 ( syst ) × 10−1, which is about 3 orders of magnitude larger than the one of the charged hadrons. These measurements can provide new insights into the effects of the strong electromagnetic field and the initial tilt of matter created in noncentral heavy ion collisions on the dynamics of light (u, d, and s) and heavy (c) quarks. The large difference between the observed Δv1 of charged hadrons and D0 mesons may reflect different sensitivity of the charm and light quarks to the early time dynamics of a heavy ion collision. These observations challenge some recent theoretical calculations, which predicted a negative and an order of magnitude smaller value of d Δv1/dη for both light flavor and charmed hadrons.
Sperm membrane cholesterol influences cryodamage during cryopreservation. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of varying cholesterol levels in Tris based extenders on the ...freezability of sexually healthy Malabari buck semen.
A total of 48 ejaculates from two adults healthy sexually healthy Malabari bucks were utilized for the study. The collected and pooled ejaculates were divided into four groups with Group I serving as Control - I, Group II and III were treated with 1 mg and 2 mg of cholesterol-loaded-cyclodextrin (CLC)/120 × 10(6) spermatozoa, respectively, and Group IV, treated with 1 mg methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) served as Control - II. Manual freezing was carried out to cryopreserve the treated and control spermatozoa.
Treatment of semen samples with CLC resulted in improved maintenance of sperm motility at pre-freeze and post-thaw stages of cryopreservation without affecting hypo-osmotic swelling response. Treatment of semen with 1 mg of CLC/120 × 10(6) spermatozoa was observed to be better than treatment with 2 mg of CLC/120 × 10(6) spermatozoa. In general, MβCD treatment was found to result in significantly lower sperm characteristics than those of Control - I and CLC treatment at pre-feeze and post-thaw stages and when incubated up to 4 h.
Cholesterol treatment of sexually healthy Malabari buck semen was found to hold promise for improving cryopreservability of spermatozoa.
The study of the strength and behavior of the antikaon-nucleon (Kover ¯N) interaction constitutes one of the key focuses of the strangeness sector in low-energy quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In this ...Letter a unique high-precision measurement of the strong interaction between kaons and protons, close and above the kinematic threshold, is presented. The femtoscopic measurements of the correlation function at low pair-frame relative momentum of (K^{+}p⊕K^{-}pover ¯) and (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}pover ¯) pairs measured in pp collisions at sqrts=5, 7, and 13 TeV are reported. A structure observed around a relative momentum of 58 MeV/c in the measured correlation function of (K^{-}p⊕K^{+}pover ¯) with a significance of 4.4σ constitutes the first experimental evidence for the opening of the (Kover ¯^{0}n⊕K^{0}nover ¯) isospin breaking channel due to the mass difference between charged and neutral kaons. The measured correlation functions have been compared to Jülich and Kyoto models in addition to the Coulomb potential. The high-precision data at low relative momenta presented in this work prove femtoscopy to be a powerful complementary tool to scattering experiments and provide new constraints above the Kover ¯N threshold for low-energy QCD chiral models.
The composites, (1−x)(BiFe
1-y
La
y
O
3
)- xNaNbO
3
with x = 0.25, 0.45 and y = 0.10, 0.20, are prepared by mixed oxide method. XRD analysis shows rhombohedral (hexagonal) structure at room ...temperature. The properties such as dielectric loss (tanδ) and dielectric constant (ϵ
r
) of all the samples are studied. A significant improvement in dielectric constants has been observed with the rise of Lanthanum (La) content. A dielectric anomaly above 350°C is observed for all the studied materials. Further, it is observed that ac conductivity (σ
ac
) spectrum obeys universal Jonscher's power law. The variation of σ
ac
with inverse of temperature for all the samples is found to obey the Arrhenius equation. The formation of loop in polarisation verses electric field curve establishes the ferroelectric (FE) nature of all the studied samples. Current (I)-Electric Field (E) loops is studied to show the behaviour of domain switching.
The pT-differential production cross sections of the prompt charmed mesons D0, D+, D*+, and D+s and their charge conjugate in the rapidity interval –0.96 < ycms < 0.04 were measured in p–Pb ...collisions at a center-of-mass energy √sNN = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factor RpPb, quantifying the D-meson yield in p–Pb collisions relative to the yield in pp collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, is compatible within the 15%–20% uncertainties with unity in the transverse momentum interval 1 < pT < 24 GeV/c. No significant difference among the RpPb of the four D-meson species is observed. The results are described within uncertainties by theoretical calculations that include initial-state effects. In conclusion, the measurement adds experimental evidence that the modification of the momentum spectrum of D mesons observed in Pb-Pb collisions with respect to pp collisions is due to strong final-state effects induced by hot partonic matter.
We report the tuneable spin angular momentum transfer (spin pumping) from Co
60
Fe
20
B
20
(CFB) amorphous alloy into the Ta heavy metal nanolayers. All the films are grown on Si (100) substrate at ...room temperature using ion-beam sputtering technique. Structural studies reveal that the grown Ta films over amorphous CFB are crystalline even at ultrathin regime. The bilayers possess very low interface roughness (< 0.5 nm) and are continuous throughout the thickness range. Comparative analysis of the spin pumping in CFB (4, 6 and 8 nm) as a function of the Ta thickness (vary from 1 to 10 nm in step of 1 nm) has been performed employing ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy. It is observed that the effective damping increase exponentially with the increase of Ta, (i.e. follows ballistic spin transport) in two series of CFB (4 nm)/Ta (0–10 nm) and CFB(6 nm)/Ta (0–10 nm) bilayers, which is characteristic of normal spin pumping. However, the anomalous behaviour has been observed for CFB (8 nm)/Ta (0–10 nm) bilayer series where the spin current generated in Ta with the thicker CFB behaves oppositely. The results demonstrate the strong dependence of ferromagnet thickness on the spin pumping into the Ta nanolayers. This study paves the way to choose suitable ferromagnetic layer thickness for spin current-induced switching applications in spintronics.
This paper presents the details on predicted and experimental microstructural evolution and high-temperature tensile behavior of a hot isostatically processed (HIPed) and heat-treated Ni-based ...superalloy EP741NP for aerospace applications. The phase prediction carried out using JMatPro
®
software from the composition of the alloy as a function of heat treatment has been found to agree with the results of characterization by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Prediction has revealed the evolution of secondary and tertiary gamma prime (
γ
′) with phase fraction of ~46% during solutionization at 1483 K (1210 °C) for 8 h and ~12% during the course of aging treatment at 1144 K (871 °C) for 32 h, respectively. A uniform distribution of secondary
γ
′ with typical octocube morphology within a size range of 0.5–0.8 µm and a sparse distribution of tertiary
γ
′ of fine spherical particles with average size < 0.1 µm have been observed during study of microstructure. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) studies showed epitaxial growth for
γ
′ phase within a grain with similar crystallographic orientation. Tensile tests conducted at room temperature and in the temperature range from 823 K to 1123 K (550 °C to 850 °C) have shown that yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) remain almost unchanged up to temperature 923 K (650 °C) due to microstructural stability of strengthening
γ
′ precipitate. Thereafter, it starts decreasing because tertiary precipitates cannot hinder grain boundary motion at high temperature, first because of their size and more importantly because they are usually dissolved back into the matrix at high temperature, which assist the annihilation and rearrangement of dislocations leading to reduction of dislocation density. Fractographic studies have revealed that the fracture mode is found to be mostly mixed in nature (both ductile and brittle fracture).
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