SiLC R&D: Design, present status and perspectives Lozano, M.; Orava, R.; van Remortel, N. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
09/2007, Volume:
579, Issue:
2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
This paper briefly describes the main R&D objectives that are undertaken within the international R&D collaboration SiLC aiming to build the next generation of silicon tracking devices especially in ...the case of the ILC. Firstly, motivation to use silicon detectors in the tracker is explained. Then basic aspects of the design and solutions proposed are described (sensors, front-end electronics, mechanics, alignment). First results from the lab and beam test of the front-end chips and module prototypes built are shown.
Tests of a prototype for the silicon tracking system of the ILD concept Hänsel, S.; Bergauer, T.; Dragicevic, M. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
02/2011, Volume:
628, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
A very robust and redundant tracking system is needed to fully exploit the physics potential at the future International Linear Collider. The International Large Detector uses a combination of a TPC ...surrounded in the barrel region by three double layers of silicon strip sensors as tracking system. In November 2009 a first test beam, including both a Large TPC Prototype and a first prototype of the silicon layers, was performed at DESY, Hamburg. About 80,000 events were recorded using an electron beam with a momentum of 5.6
GeV/
c. The emphasis of this paper is on the silicon layers and their performance during the test beam. It presents first results from the data analysis and discusses possible future steps.
Breast-conserving therapy has been demonstrated to be just as safe and a less disruptive experience compared with mastectomy for surgically manageable breast cancer. There is, however, no agreement ...in the literature about the impact of these procedures on several important aspects of quality of life (QOL). The purpose of the present study is to compare the long-term impact of these two surgical approaches on QOL in patients with identical tumor stages and to suggest possible shortcomings of the standard QOL questionnaires.
Between August 1999 and May 2000, QOL questionnaires were answered by 152 pair-matched patients at the I. Frauenklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, as part of routine follow-up examinations. The pairs of patients, each consisting of one patient after mastectomy and one after breast conservation, were selected according to the highest degree of equivalence in tumor stage. All patients had been initially treated for stage I-III breast cancer without evidence of distant metastases. The QOL was evaluated by using the QLQ-C30 questionnaire version 2.0 of the EORTC Study Group on Quality of Life. We formulated seven additional questions about the patients' satisfaction with the primary surgical treatment modality as viewed from their current perspective. The QOL questionnaires were answered after a median interval of 46 months following primary treatment.
Tumor stage, prognostic factors, and adjuvant systemic treatment were well balanced between the two groups. No differences between the two groups were observed in terms of all QOL items measured by the QLQ-C30. Our additional questions, however, revealed that patients in the mastectomy group were less satisfied with the cosmetic result of their primary operation (P < .0001), were more likely to feel basic changes in their appearance (P < .0001), and were more likely to be emotionally stressed by these facts (P < .0001). From their perspective at the time of completing the questionnaires, 11 patients in the mastectomy group (15%) would decide differently about the surgical treatment modality, compared with only 3 patients (4%) in the breast conservation group (P = .025).
While the primary surgical treatment modality seems to have no long-term impact on general QOL, certain body-image-related problems may be caused by mastectomy. Standard measuring instruments for QOL may fail to detect differences in satisfaction and adaptation with the primary surgical treatment modality.
The Linear Collider TPC collaboration constructed a Large Prototype TPC (LPTPC) which is now installed at the EUDET facility, in DESY. The SiLC-collaboration (Silicon for the Linear Collider) will ...install position sensitive silicon strip sensors outside the field cage of the LPTPC, to provide precise tracking information. The data acquisition system (DAQ) is an adapted CMS readout system. The silicon modules are tested and ready to be installed, the mechanical module support and the DAQ system are in preparation.
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