One of the main factors affecting the acceptance of social housing projects is the non-participation of users in their building's design. The VIS Project breaks with this idealistic scheme of ...unilateral projection and proposes a concurrent engineering where citizen participation is taken into account in the collection of statistical data and also in its idiosyncrasy, ancestral values and life models. The Quality Function Deployment is one of the methodologies that are implemented in addition to bioclimatic design with passive cooling and solar control strategies. The multidisciplinary team made up of engineers, architects and interior and industrial designers together with students of Architecture and Interior Design careers of the School of Architecture and Urbanism of the University of Guayaquil have managed to bring to low-income sectors practical solutions to self-build dwellings problems. The procedures and methods applied are adapted to the particular case of each user, giving particular solutions analyzed under multiple criteria.
Objective: To describe the challenges of care management of nursing professionals. Methodology: This research work is developed from a quantitative approach with a descriptive methodology with ...non-experimental design, which is supported by documentary-bibliographic analysis. A research process was organized in which the study population was based primarily on written documents such as theses, peer-reviewed journals and scientific articles. In conclusion: The challenges faced by nursing professionals in the management of care at this time involve economic, social and political aspects in a world in constant change, where technology plays a great role in improving inter-hospital services as a communication network, improvements in working conditions, incorporation of new human talent and reducing the deficiency worldwide, strengthening and rethinking of training plans and nursing studies.
Objetivo: Describir los desafíos de la gestión del cuidado de los profesionales de enfermería. Metodología: El presente trabajo investigativo se desarrolla desde un enfoque cuantitativo con una metodología descriptiva con diseño no experimental, la cual se apoya en el análisis documental–bibliográfico. Se organizó un proceso investigativo en donde la población de estudio, se basó primordialmente en documentos escritos como tesis, revistas arbitradas y artículos científicos. En conclusión: Los desafíos a los que se enfrentan los profesionales de enfermería en la gestión del cuidado, en esta época involucran los aspectos económicos, social, político en un mundo en constantes cambio, en donde la tecnología juega un gran papel que permite mejorar los servicios inter hospitalarios como red de comunicación, mejoras en las condiciones laborales, incorporación de nuevo talento humano y disminuir la deficiencia a nivel mundial, fortalecimiento y replanteamiento de los planes de formación y estudio de enfermería
Nowadays, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) that hold a better competitive position have adopted technology as their key element to become competitive in a globalized market. In Mexico, 72% of the ...employment of the country and 52% of the GDP comes from SMEs. The importance of keeping alive and working such entities is crucial for the country and one key element is related to their first years. The following work presents a work in progress expert system for Risk Assessment based on a series of evaluations of indicators that provide an insight of the SMEs economic health. The system is based on a real-life scenario with a tailored knowledge base.
In this thesis, we present the optical to X-ray scaling relations from the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS) and the red-sequence Matched-filter Probabilistic Percolation cluster finding algorithm (redMaPPer) ...cluster catalogs. XCS finds galaxy clusters in the XMM-Newton public archive and redMaPPer uses optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey eighth data release (SDSS-DR8) and the Dark Energy Survey first year data release (DES Y1). redMaPPer catalogs provide reliable photometric redshift estimations that have been calibrated with spectroscopic redshifts. The XCS temperature and luminosity pipelines need redshift information to calculate the X-ray observables. We introduced third generation of the XCS Post Processing Pipeline (XCS3P). A description of the previous versions is given, highlighting the modifications made for XCS3P-v3. This methodology was validated by comparing the LX - TX relation obtained from XCS3Pv1, XCS3P-v2 and the current version, the results are similar to XCS3P-v2 finding a self similar evolution. Samples of clusters are defined after several control filters, each cluster has optical and X-ray follow up, the sample has 327 unique clusters that span a redshift range of 0:08 < z < 0:8. Optical to X-ray scaling relations are obtained for the samples XCS-RM (SDSS DR8), XCS-RM (DES Y1) and XCS-RM (SDSS+DES Y1). Obtaining as a result, the most comprehensive examination of the TX - λ and LX - λ relations up to date, showing a clear correlation between the observables. This work confirms that it is possible to relate optical properties with the underlying mass. Cluster observables like the X-ray temperature, X-ray luminosity and the optical richness are well known mass tracers. The XCS3P-v3 methodology and the process followed to obtain the scaling relations are validated using four non-redMaPPer cluster catalogs, two from the optical (CAMIRA and GMBCG) and two from the millimiter (SPT and Planck). The results show a clear correlation between X-ray and optical and millimeter observables. This analysis is not a robust as for redMaPPer, thus further work is needed to present this results to the scientific community.
We characterize the X-ray luminosity--temperature ($L_{\rm X}-T$) relation
using a sample of 353 clusters and groups of galaxies with temperatures in
excess of 1 keV, spanning the redshift range $0.1 ...< z < 0.6$, the largest ever
assembled for this purpose. All systems are part of the ${\it XMM-Newton}$
Cluster Survey (XCS), and have also been independently identified in Sloan
Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data using the redMaPPer algorithm. We allow for
redshift evolution of the normalisation and intrinsic scatter of the $L_{\rm
X}-T$ relation, as well as, for the first time, the possibility of a
temperature-dependent change-point in the exponent of such relation. However,
we do not find strong statistical support for deviations from the usual
modelling of the $L_{\rm X}-T$ relation as a single power-law, where the
normalisation evolves self-similarly and the scatter remains constant with
time. Nevertheless, assuming {\it a priori} the existence of the type of
deviations considered, then faster evolution than the self-similar expectation
for the normalisation of the $L_{\rm X}-T$ relation is favoured, as well as a
decrease with redshift in the scatter about the $L_{\rm X}-T$ relation.
Further, the preferred location for a change-point is then close to 2 keV,
possibly marking the transition between the group and cluster regimes. Our
results also indicate an increase in the power-law exponent of the $L_{\rm
X}-T$ relation when moving from the group to the cluster regime, and faster
evolution in the former with respect to the later, driving the
temperature-dependent change-point towards higher values with redshift.
We measure the evolution of the velocity dispersion--temperature (\(\sigma_{\rm v}\)--\(T_{\rm X}\)) relation up to \(z = 1\) using a sample of 38 galaxy clusters drawn from the \textit{XMM} Cluster ...Survey. This work improves upon previous studies by the use of a homogeneous cluster sample and in terms of the number of high redshift clusters included. We present here new redshift and velocity dispersion measurements for 12 \(z > 0.5\) clusters observed with the GMOS instruments on the Gemini telescopes. Using an orthogonal regression method, we find that the slope of the relation is steeper than that expected if clusters were self-similar, and that the evolution of the normalisation is slightly negative, but not significantly different from zero (\(\sigma_{\rm v} \propto T^{0.86 \pm 0.14} E(z)^{-0.37 \pm 0.33}\)). We verify our results by applying our methods to cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. The lack of evolution seen in our data is consistent with simulations that include both feedback and radiative cooling.
We characterize the X-ray luminosity--temperature (\(L_{\rm X}-T\)) relation using a sample of 353 clusters and groups of galaxies with temperatures in excess of 1 keV, spanning the redshift range ...\(0.1 < z < 0.6\), the largest ever assembled for this purpose. All systems are part of the \({\it XMM-Newton}\) Cluster Survey (XCS), and have also been independently identified in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data using the redMaPPer algorithm. We allow for redshift evolution of the normalisation and intrinsic scatter of the \(L_{\rm X}-T\) relation, as well as, for the first time, the possibility of a temperature-dependent change-point in the exponent of such relation. However, we do not find strong statistical support for deviations from the usual modelling of the \(L_{\rm X}-T\) relation as a single power-law, where the normalisation evolves self-similarly and the scatter remains constant with time. Nevertheless, assuming {\it a priori} the existence of the type of deviations considered, then faster evolution than the self-similar expectation for the normalisation of the \(L_{\rm X}-T\) relation is favoured, as well as a decrease with redshift in the scatter about the \(L_{\rm X}-T\) relation. Further, the preferred location for a change-point is then close to 2 keV, possibly marking the transition between the group and cluster regimes. Our results also indicate an increase in the power-law exponent of the \(L_{\rm X}-T\) relation when moving from the group to the cluster regime, and faster evolution in the former with respect to the later, driving the temperature-dependent change-point towards higher values with redshift.
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