Group A Rotaviruses (RVAs) are the most important etiological agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children less than 5 years of age. Mortality resulting from RVA gastroenteritis is higher in ...developing countries than in developed ones, causing a huge public health burden in global regions like Africa and South‐East Asia. This study reports RVA genotypes detected in Ashaiman, Greater Accra Region, Ghana, in the postvaccine introduction era for the period 2014‐2016. Stool samples were collected from children less than 5 years of age who visited Ashaiman Polyclinic with AGE from November 2014 to May 2015 and from December 2015 to June 2016. The samples were tested by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and one‐step multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed on the EIA positive samples for gel‐based binomial genotyping. Of the 369 stool samples collected from children with AGE, 145 (39%) tested positive by EIA. Five VP7 (G1, G3, G9, G10, and G12) and three VP4 (P4, P6 and P8) genotypes were detected. Eight G/P combinations were identified of which, G3P6, G12P8, G1P8, and G9P4 were the most prevalent and responsible for 93 (68%) of the AGE cases, and seven mixed‐types were detected which represented 8% of the RVA cases. High prevalence, diversity, and mixed‐types of RVAs were detected from Ashaiman with the emergence of unusual genotypes.
Highlight
High prevalence, diversity, mixed infections, and rare group A rotaviruses were found in Ashaiman, Accra‐Ghana in the postrotavirus vaccine introduction era.
The human gut microbiota is one of the most complex communities that play a significant role on the health of an individual. The goal of this study was to analyze the alterations in the gut ...microbiota in individuals with cirrhosis and compare it to the microbiome community of healthy subjects. Microbiome data from the V1 and V2 regions of the 16S ribosomal genes were analyzed using the QIIME tool and RDP 11 pipeline to determine the structure of the gut microbiota. The effects of a PPI therapy and the role played by the dysbiosis in cirrhotics were thoroughly studied. The Gut-Liver-Brain Axis was accessed by reviewing the correlations and the overall impact of the human microbiome on homeostasis. Finally, a comparison of USEARCH and UCLUST algorithms was carried out in order to understand the importance of the selection of the clustering method for the functional interpretation of the microbiome data collected.
