Cilj. U ovome se radu daje pregled procesa obnove vrijedne knjižnične zbirke Instituta za povijest umjetnosti u Zagrebu uslijed preklapajućih kriza koje su obilježile 2020. godinu (potres, pandemija, ...poplava).
Pristup/metodologija. Cjelokupni fond Knjižnice trebalo je ispočetka sistematizirati prema UDK sustavu jer se u potpunosti urušio zbog snažnog potresa u ožujku. Taj se proces preklapao s postupkom primarne zaštite i konzervacije zbirke rukopisne građe osobnog arhivskog fonda Grge Gamulina, povjesničara umjetnosti i likovnog kritičara, te iznenadnom i hitnom potrebom osnivanja osobnog arhiva i ex libris zbirke akademika Tonka Maroevića.
Rezultati. Rezultat su tih simultanih procesa potpuno funkcionalan i resistematiziran knjižnični fond, uspostavljen arhiv i ex libris zbirka Tonka Maroevića te očišćena i organizirana zbirka rukopisnog gradiva Grge Gamulina.
Originalnost/vrijednost. Ovaj rad daje pregled aktivnosti i procesa pri postupanju s posebnim vrstama kulturne baštine u neočekivanim i izvanrednim okolnostima. Ti istovremeni procesi proširili su sve naše kapacitete te rezultirali stvaranjem novih modela suradnje među kolegama, posebice sa studentima i volonterima, te su dugoročno značajno utjecali na promišljanje i razvoj radnih procesa i snaga.
One of the most widely used conductive polymers in the growing conductive polymer industry is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), whose main advantages are good thermal and chemical stability, ...a conjugated backbone, and ease of functionalization. The main drawback of PEDOT for use as wearable electronics is the lack of stretchable and self-healing properties. This can be overcome by grafting PEDOT with flexible side branches. As pure PEDOT is highly stable and grafting would not be possible, a new bromine-functionalized thiophene derivative, 2-(tiophen-3-yl) ethyl 2-bromo-2-methylpropanoate (ThBr), was synthesized and copolymerized with EDOT for the synthesis of a poly(EDOT-co-ThBr) ATRP macroinitiator. After the synthesis of the macroinitiator, flexible polymers could be introduced as side branches by atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to modify mechanical properties. Before this last synthesis step, the conditions for the synthesis of the ATRP macroinitiator should be investigated, as only functionalized units can function as grafting sites. In this study, nine new copolymers with different monomer ratios were synthesized to investigate the reactivity of each monomer. The ratios used in the different syntheses were ThBr:EDOT = 1:0.2, 1:0.4, 1:0.6, 1:0.8, 1:1, 0.8:1, 0.6:1, 0.4:1, and 0.2:1. In order to determine the effect of reaction time on the final properties of the polymer, macroinitiator synthesis at a 1:1 ratio was carried out at different time periods: 8 h, 16 h, 24 h, and 48 h. The obtained products were characterized by different techniques, and it was found that polymerizations longer than 24 h yielded practically insoluble macroinitiators, thus limiting its further application. Reactivity ratios of both monomers were found to be similar and close to 1, making the copolymerization reaction symmetrical and the obtained macroinitiators almost random copolymers.
The HIV burden is increasing in older adults in the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA). We investigated factors associated with HIV diagnosis in older adults in the 31 EU/EEA ...countries during a 12 year period.
In this analysis of surveillance data, we compared data from older people (aged ≥50 years) with those from younger people (aged 15-49 years). We extracted new HIV diagnoses reported to the European Surveillance System between Jan 1, 2004, and Dec 31, 2015, and stratified them by age, sex, migration status, transmission route, and CD4 cell count. We defined late diagnosis as CD4 count of less than 350 cells per μL at diagnosis and diagnosis with advanced HIV disease as less than 200 cells per μL. We compared the two age groups with the χ
test for difference, and used linear regression analysis to assess temporal trends.
During the study period 54 102 new HIV diagnoses were reported in older adults. The average notification rate of new diagnoses was 2·6 per 100 000 population across the whole 12 year period, which significantly increased over time (annual average change AAC 2·1%, 95% CI 1·1-3·1; p=0·0009). Notification rates for new HIV diagnoses in older adults increased significantly in 16 countries in 2004-15, clustering in central and eastern EU/EEA countries. In 2015, compared with younger adults, older individuals were more likely to originate from the reporting country, to have acquired HIV via heterosexual contact, and to present late (p<0·0001 for all comparisons). HIV diagnoses increased significantly over time among older men (AAC 2·2%, 95% CI 1·2-3·3; p=0·0006), women (1·3%, 0·2-2·4; p=0·025), men who have sex with men (5·8%, 4·3-7·5; p<0·0001), and injecting drug users (7·4%, 4·8-10·2; p<0·0001).
Our findings suggest that there is a compelling need to deliver more targeted testing interventions for older adults and the general adult population, such as by increasing awareness among health-care workers and expanding opportunities for provider-initiated and indicator-condition-guided testing programmes.
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.
Accurate case-based surveillance data remain the key data source for estimating HIV burden and monitoring prevention efforts in Europe. We carried out a literature review and exploratory analysis of ...surveillance data regarding two crucial issues affecting European surveillance for HIV: missing data and reporting delay. Initial screening showed substantial variability of these data issues, both in time and across countries. In terms of missing data, the CD4+ cell count is the most problematic variable because of the high proportion of missing values. In 20 of 31 countries of the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), CD4+ counts are systematically missing for all or some years. One of the key challenges related to reporting delays is that countries undertake specific one-off actions in effort to capture previously unreported cases, and that these cases are subsequently reported with excessive delays. Slightly different underlying assumptions and effectively different models may be required for individual countries to adjust for missing data and reporting delays. However, using a similar methodology is recommended to foster harmonisation and to improve the accuracy and usability of HIV surveillance data at national and EU/EEA levels.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains significant in Europe. Rates of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have declined, but not in all countries. New HIV diagnoses have ...increased among native and foreign-born men who have sex with men. Median CD4(+) T-cell count at diagnosis has increased, but not in all groups, and late diagnosis remains common. HIV infection and AIDS can be eliminated in Europe with resolute prevention measures, early diagnosis and access to effective treatment.
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