Le Fibroscan
® ne mesure pas uniquement la fibrose hépatique. En effet, l’élasticité hépatique est modifiée au cours des hépatites aiguës virales ou chez des malades ayant une stéatose. L’influence ...de la consommation alcoolique et du sevrage sur l’élasticité hépatique mesurée par Fibroscan
® n’a pas encore été étudiée.
Vingt-trois patients alcoolodépendants (20 hommes, 3 femmes, âge médian 47 ans 42-53), ayant une consommation supérieure à 21 verres par semaine chez les hommes et 14 verres chez les femmes ont été inclus dans cette étude. Ces malades étaient hospitalisés une semaine pour sevrage alcoolique. Les patients porteurs d’hépatites virales (A, B ou C) ou séropositifs pour le VIH étaient exclus. L’existence d’une ascite ou d’un IMC
>
30 kg/m
2 étaient des critères d’exclusion. Un bilan biologique (transaminases, GGT, VGM, alcoolémie et CDT Transferrine Carboxy-Deficiente) ainsi qu’un fibroscan
® étaient systématiquement effectués à J0, J8, J30 et J60. Un malade était considéré comme abstinent si l’interrogatoire du patient concordait avec le bilan biologique. La variation de l’élasticité hépatique > 20 % était considérée comme significative.
A ce jour, 23 malades ont eu un bilan complet à J8, 22 à J30 et 19 à J60. A J8, après une semaine de sevrage, 13 patients (56,5 %) avaient une diminution significative de l’élasticité hépatique. A J60, 12 patients (63 %) étaient abstinents et 8 d’entre eux avaient une diminution significative de l’élasticité. Chez les abstinents, la médiane de baisse d’élasticité par rapport à J0 était de −12,5 % à J8, −17,3 % à J30 et −27,8 % à J60.
En comparant au groupe rechuteur entre J8 et J60, 6 patients abstinents (50 %) avaient une diminution significative de l’élasticité
versus 0 dans le groupe des rechuteurs (P
=
0,04). La médiane de variation d’élasticité hépatique était de −20 % chez les abstinents et de +32 % chez les rechuteurs (P
=
0,007).
L’élasticité hépatique mesurée par Fibroscan
® chez les patients ayant une forte consommation d’alcool diminue avec le sevrage. La variation de l’élasticité hépatique pourrait être un marqueur de sevrage. Enfin, chez ces patients alcooliques, l’évaluation de la fibrose hépatique par Fibroscan
® n’est pas fiable en raison des fortes amplitudes de variation de l’élasticité au cours du sevrage d’alcool.
We ask the ascetics to come down from the columns Burroni, Luca
Clinical and translational imaging : reviews in nuclear medicine and molecular imaging,
2023/2, Volume:
11, Issue:
1
Journal Article
•Two production studies of clash with 24 native speakers of Italian in total.•Correlates of clash are duration and formant changes in the final vowel of word one.•Findings interpreted as changes to ...prosodic boundaries and/or gestural dynamics.•Two dynamical models of the observed changes in clash are presented.•Reported changes to prominence best interpreted as biased lexical selection.
A fundamental question about speech is whether it is governed by rhythmic constraints. One phenomenon that may support the existence of such constraints is the rhythm rule, a phonological pattern hypothesized to resolve prominence clashes and enforce alternations of prominent and non-prominent syllables via shift/deletion of stress and/or pitch accents. We evaluated evidence for the rhythm rule by studying the acoustic correlates of clash in two experiments with speakers of Italian. We found that the first prominent syllable in a clash displays a durational increase and more extreme formant values, when compared to no clash. Thus, a clash is manifested as a localized decrease in speech rate, not as a change to the prominence profile of a word. Since durational increases have been reported for other languages, we argue that they are an online acoustic correlate of clash. We compare two dynamical models of the durational effects, rooted in the framework of Articulatory Phonology: a π-gesture model and a feedback modulation model. Based on our findings, we argue that the rhythm rule is best conceptualized as the result of contextual biases on lexical selection of prominence patterns.
In this article, we propose a recursive orbital elements filter for autonomous control of Distributed Satellite Systems (DSS) that significantly reduces the variance of relative orbital elements ...between the observed and the desired satellite orbits. Leveraging satellite kinematics and control inputs data, combined with a model of relative dynamics, the filter provides smooth and continuous orbital control, while minimizing propellant consumption. In conjunction with Precise Point Positioning (PPP) navigation, the proposed filter enables onboard continuous low-thrust control compatible with high-performance electric propulsion. We also propose a restricted transverse/normal control law that simplifies the thruster's configurations and/or attitude manoeuvres required for propulsion pointing. The applicability and validity of our proposed techniques are verified by numerical simulations with two case studies: a constellation for Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) for global infrastructure monitoring; and a maritime domain awareness mission based on along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar which requires single-pass interferometry for responsive ship traffic surveillance, and the coverage of a very large maritime zone with high revisit rates.
Though widely hypothesized, limited evidence exists that human brain functions organize in global gradients of abstraction starting from sensory cortical inputs. Hierarchical representation is ...accepted in computational networks, and tentatively in visual neuroscience, yet no direct holistic demonstrations exist in vivo. Our methods developed network models enriched with tiered directionality, by including input locations, a critical feature for localizing representation in networks generally. Grouped primary sensory cortices defined network inputs, displaying global connectivity to fused inputs. Depth-oriented networks guided analyses of fMRI databases (~17,000 experiments;~1/4 of fMRI literature). Formally, we tested whether network depth predicted localization of abstract versus concrete behaviors over the whole set of studied brain regions. For our results, new cortical graph metrics, termed network-depth, ranked all databased cognitive function activations by network-depth. Thus, we objectively sorted stratified landscapes of cognition, starting from grouped sensory inputs in parallel, progressing deeper into cortex. This exposed escalating amalgamation of function or abstraction with increasing network-depth, globally. Nearly 500 new participants confirmed our results. In conclusion, data-driven analyses defined a hierarchically ordered connectome, revealing a related continuum of cognitive function. Progressive functional abstraction over network depth may be a fundamental feature of brains, and is observed in artificial networks.
PET/CT in senior patients: “cui prodest?” Burroni, Luca; Chiti, Arturo
European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging,
03/2021, Volume:
48, Issue:
3
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Author Affiliation: (1) Department of Nuclear Medicine, "Ospedali Riuniti di Torrette" Hospital, Via Conca 71, 60126 Ancona, Italy (2) Humanitas Clinical and Research Center--IRCCS, Via Manzoni 56, ...20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy (3) Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, 20090, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy (a) luca.burroni@ospedaliriuniti.marche.it Article History: Registration Date: 08/20/2020 Online Date: 08/25/2020 Byline:
Migrant inclusion in a society is a process that ultimately succeeds or fails at the local level and cities have increasingly taken a proactive stance in delivering their own policies for ...integration. The literature on the topic has focused particularly on the cooperation between local political institutions and civil society organizations, underestimating the key role played by social partners. This paper demonstrates the participation of social partners in the local governance of migrant integration in three European cities: Barcelona, Lyon and Gothenburg. Drawing on process tracing analysis and qualitative interviews, the article illustrates the different responses of local unions and employers’ organizations to immigration and the variety of approaches to supporting migrant integration into employment and society. The article argues that these approaches, which take place within different institutional and structural contexts, shape different patterns of migrant inclusion and allow us to explain the new and traditional ways in which social partners operate as social and political actors.
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