This study aimed to concurrently determine the perceived knowledge, attitudes and perspectives of childcare professionals working in kindergartens towards
, a common ectoparasitic disease also known ...as head lice, as well as gain insights into procedures and control measures that are implemented in an outbreak setting. We used a qualitative approach with a problem-centered, semi-structured and three-part interview technique conducted in selected kindergartens of Varaždin and Međimurje counties of the Republic of Croatia. Based on a purposive (deliberate) sampling method, the study included both childcare professionals and on-site health coordinators aged between 21 and 56 years of age. Five main themes were put forth as a result of the conducted thematic analysis: prevention and control measures for managing head lice, information and knowledge, social issues, psychological issues and disease perception. Each of these themes also had specific emerging categories based on participants' responses. Even though all respondents confirmed that the disease is continuously monitored only a few of them mentioned that a scalp examination was an inherent part of disease surveillance within the kindergarten community. Moreover, we found that information on
is available to both parents and childcare professionals, but with a questionable uptake. Additionally, the majority of the respondents reported that parents tend to hide the infestation in their children due to shame and/or to avoid social stigma, and thus often fail to inform kindergarten teachers and health coordinators about the problem. In conclusion, our findings have implications for further practice and the introduction of tailored public health measures for the most vulnerable populations, most notably kindergarten children.
Background
Abuse and neglect of older people represent a salient public health issue that remains understudied in the current literature. However, most studies have focused on estimating the ...prevalence of mistreatment of older people, while litter priority has been put on healthcare professionals and their role in addressing this problem.
Objectives
The aim of this paper was to determine nurses' perceptions of neglect and abuse of older persons within health facilities in Croatia.
Methods
A cross‐sectional survey with convenience sampling approach was conducted on 632 nursing professionals between 26 March and 26 April 2020. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. A questionnaire from Drennan et al. (NCPOP, University College Dublin, Dublin, 2012), previously adapted by Neuberg et al. (Arch Ind Hyg Toxicol, 68, 2017, 190), was used as a survey instrument. Descriptive and inferential statistics has been used, as well as multivariable methods (reliability analysis). Significance was set at p < .05 (two‐tailed).
Results
Abuse/neglect of older people was observed by 13.8% to 57.4% of nursing professionals, depending on the incident type. The most prevalent incidents observed were ignoring the call of an older person (57.4%), shouting at an older person in anger (41.1%) and force‐feeding an older person (34.5%), while the least prevalent incidents observed were denial of food or some privileges as a form of punishment (13.8%). Male nursing professionals reported observing various forms of abuse significantly more often than their female counterparts (p = .038), without statistically significant age‐related differences. Furthermore, mistreatment of older people was much more frequently observed in nursing homes (p = .013), with suboptimal the ratio of caregivers and care recipients, as well as by nursing professionals who work in shifts (p = .012). Reliability analysis demonstrated a satisfactory level of internal consistency for the used questionnaire.
Conclusions
This study reinforces neglect and abuse of older people as a growing public health problem and puts the emphasis on its perception; hence, there is a need for systematic and continuous training of nursing professionals on preventing, identifying and responding to such mistreatment, with the aim of enhancing the quality of life in this vulnerable group.
Implications for practice
This study contributes to the growing body of research on the quality of evidence‐based nursing care of older people, most notably from providers' perspective ‐ with direct implications for policy, practice, research and training.
Oštećenje sluha ima negativne učinke na kvalitetu života, osobito u socijalnoj i emocionalnoj domeni kvalitete komuniciranja. To izrazito dolazi do izražaja u starijoj životnoj dobi, kada je ...slabljenje kognitivnih sposobnosti najviše izraženo. Osim toga, starije osobe oštećenog sluha, koje su još uvijek radno aktivne, shvaćaju da je održavanje dobrog sluha od presudnog značenja za učinkovitost na radnom mjestu. S obzirom na značajnu prevalenciju starijih osoba s oštećenjem sluha koje ne koriste slušno pomagalo, kako u populaciji neverifi ciranih, tako i u audiološki verifi ciranoj populaciji, od ključne je važnosti učiniti dodatne napore da se takvim osobama povećaju spoznaje o prednostima i koristima upotrebe slušnih pomagala. Kako bi se ostvario ovaj cilj, nužan je multidisciplinaran javnozdravstveni pristup u rješavanju ovog zapostavljenog problema. Jedan od smjerova djelovanja bio bi pojačani audiološki probir populacije u domeni primarne zdravstvene zaštite. Drugi smjer djelovanja bio bi da se u sustavu i mreži javnog zdravstva osmisli nacionalni program ranog otkrivanja osoba oštećenog sluha u populaciji starijoj od 50 godina. Program bi trebao putem edukativnih sadržaja podizati svijest o potrebi liječenja i rehabilitacije nagluhih osoba. Treći smjer djelovanja bio bi provođenje randomiziranih kontroliranih studija kojima bi cilj bio ne samo prikupljati podatke povezane s prihvaćanjem, nošenjem i zadovoljstvom sa slušnim pomagalom, već ispitati i parametre koji su pokazatelji poboljšanja općeg zdravlja, kao što su emocionalno i socijalno funkcioniranje, komunikacijske sposobnosti te kognitivne mogućnosti.
Uvod:
Sigurnost bolesnika u fokusu je interesa svih zdravstvenih organizacija jer može determinirati kvalitetu života bolesnika nakon završetka njegove hospitalizacije. Međutim, sigurnost bolesnika ...određena je brojnim faktorima, a jedan od njih su i medicinske sestre koje rade u bolničkim organizacijama. Preopterećenost medicinskih sestara brojnim zadacima, ali i nepravilna komunikacija mogu rezultirati ugrozom sigurnosti. Sigurnost bolesnika predmet je regulacije i zakonodavca koji putem indikatora kvalitete definira potrebu praćenja i poboljšanja postojeće razine sigurnosti bolesnika.
Cilj:
Cilj je ovog rada istražiti percepciju medicinskih sestara o sigurnosti pacijenata.
Metode:
U istraživanju je korišten
Upitnik o kulturi bolesnikove sigurnosti u bolnici
(HSOPSC), a u istraživanje je uključeno 209 ispitanika. Kao tehnika prikupljanja podataka korištena je anketa provedena putem Google Forms obrasca tijekom travnja i svibnja 2020. godine. Prikupljene ankete analizirane su pomoću deskriptivne statistike za što je korišten MS Excel program. U svrhu testiranja hipoteza koristio se hi-kvadrat test.
Rezultati:
Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako medicinske sestre percipiraju sigurnost pacijenata te da postoji razlika u percepciji sigurnosti s obzirom na hijerarhiju zaposlenika u zdravstvenoj ustanovi. Percepcija sigurnosti bolesnika u zdravstvenoj ustanovi mijenja se ovisno o razini obrazovanja te godinama radnog iskustva sudionika.
Zaključak:
Budući da smanjena razina sigurnosti može rezultirati pojavom neželjenih događaja, odnosno može smanjiti kvalitetu skrbi za pacijenata, percepcija medicinskih sestara o sigurnosti pacijenata u zdravstvenoj ustanovi, razina njihove edukacije te način izvođenja aktivnosti mogu doprinijeti sigurnosti bolesnika.
Introduction:
Patient safety is the focus of all hospitals and can determine the quality of life of a patient. However, patient safety correlates with several factors, and one of them is nurses who work in hospital organizations. Overburdening nurses with numerous tasks and improper communication between them can result in a threat to patient safety. Patient safety is also the subject of regulation that defines the need to monitor and improve the current level of patient safety through quality indicators.
Aim:
This paper aims to investigate the perception of healthcare professionals regarding patient safety with special reference to nurses and technicians.
Methods:
The Hospital Patient Safety Culture Questionnaire (HSOPSC) was used and the survey included 209 respondents. Data were collected via the Google Forms form during April and May 2020. The collected surveys were analyzed using descriptive statistics for the MS Excel program. For testing hypotheses, the hi-square test was used.
Results:
Research has shown that nurses organize well when it comes to performing a large number of activities in a short time, as well as when it comes to taking preventive measures aimed at increasing patient safety, which has a positive impact on patient safety.
Conclusion:
Reduced level of safety can diminish the quality of patient care, so nurses' perception of patient safety in a health care institution, their level of education, and the way activities are performed can contribute to patient safety.
Uvod:
Muzikoterapija se odnosi na korištenje glazbe ili elemenata glazbe kod jedne osobe ili grupe s ciljem unapređenja komunikacije i učenja te poboljšanja zdravstvenog stanja. Dentalna anksioznost ...podrazumijeva nenormalan strah od posjeta stomatologu i stomatoloških zahvata. Najčešće korišten pristup kod dentalne anksioznosti, osim farmakoloških metoda i psihoterapeutskih intervencija, je nefarmakološki pristup relaksacije primjenom glazbe. Ciljevi provedenog pilot-istraživanja bili su ispitati utjecaj glazbe na smanjenje nelagode kod pacijenata prilikom dentalnog postupka; prikazati utjecaj glazbe na vrijednost mjerenog pulsa; te ispitati zadovoljstvo pacijenata muzikoterapijom tijekom dentalnog postupka.
Metode:
Istraživanje je provedeno u periodu od studenog 2019. godine do travnja 2020. godine. Korištena je modificirana Corah skala dentalne anksioznosti te upitnik za povratnu informaciju nakon muzikoterapije. Sudjelovalo je 30 sudionika koji su dolazili u ordinaciju dentalne medicine „Jolić“ na zakazani dentalni tretman čišćenja zubnog kamenca. Statistička analiza prikupljenih podataka napravljena je u IBM SPSS 23 statističkom programu, a rezultati su prikazani deskriptivno. Hipoteza je testirana t-testom.
Rezultati:
Istraživanje je pokazalo da postupak brušenja zubi većina sudionika, njih 46,7 % smatra nelagodnim, dosta ili vrlo nelagodnim; njih 33,3 % tijekom brušenja zubi osjeća se pomalo nelagodno. Ukupno 90 % njih izjavljuje da im je iskustvo s muzikoterapijom bilo odlično, a tek 10 % njih kao dobro. Istraživanjem nije dobivena statistički značajna razlika u vrijednostima pulsa prije, tijekom i nakon čišćenja kamenca te primjeni muzikoterapije.
Rasprava:
Većina sudionika dentalne tretmane poput brušenja i poliranja zubi smatra nelagodnima. U ovom istraživanju većina je sudionika navela da se do sada nisu susretala s muzikoterapijom u stomatološkoj ordinaciji te navode da su se osjećali odlično zbog slušanja glazbe tijekom dentalnog tretmana. Glazba im je izolirala sve neugodne zvukove instrumenta i glasnih pacijenata iz čekaonice ili susjedne ordinacije te svi sudionici preporučuju primjenu glazbe u postupku čišćenja kamenca.
Zaključak:
Za daljnje istraživanje potrebno je povećati uzorak ispitanika te se konzultirati s pacijentom oko odabira glazbe kako bi se ova terapija što više individualizirala i bila što uspješnija.
Introduction:
Music therapy refers to the use of music or elements of music by a person or group with the aim of improving communication and learning, as well as improving one’s health. Dental anxiety implies an abnormal fear of visiting the dentist and fear of dental procedures. The most commonly used approach in dental anxiety, in addition to pharmacological methods and psychotherapeutic interventions, is the non-pharmacological approach to relaxation using music. The objectives of the pilot study were to examine the impact of music on reducing discomfort in patients during dental procedures; show the influence of music on the value of the measured pulse; and examine patient satisfaction with music therapy during the dental procedure.
Methods:
The research was conducted in the period from November 2019 to April 2020. A modified Corah’s dental anxiety scale and a feedback questionnaire after music therapy were used. There were 30 participants who came to the dental practice "Jolić" for a scheduled dental treatment for removing tartar. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed in the IBM SPSS 23 statistical program, and the results are presented descriptively. The hypothesis was tested by t-test.
Results:
The research showed that the process of grinding teeth most participants, 46.7% of them considered uncomfortable, quite or very uncomfortable; 33.3% of them felt little uncomfortable while grinding their teeth. 90% of them stated that their experience with music therapy was great, and only 10% of them thought it was fine. The study did not obtain a statistically significant difference in pulse values before, during and after tartar removing/cleaning and applying music therapy.
Discussion:
Most participants found dental treatments, such as grinding and polishing their teeth, uncomfortable. In this study, most participants stated that they had not encountered music therapy in a dental office and that they felt great listening to music during their dental treatment. The music isolated all the unpleasant sounds of the instrument and loud patients from the waiting room or the neighbouring office, and all participants recommended the use of music in the process of removing tartar.
Conclusion:
For further research, it is necessary to increase the sample of respondents and consult with the patient about the choice of music in order for this therapy to be as individualized and successful as possible.
Introduction: Every person is a multidimensional being and certain needs
arise from each dimension. In palliative care, the emphasis is on alleviating the
physical, emotional, spiritual, and social ...needs of patients through a holistic
approach. The aim of the study was to determine how family members recognize
and experience the needs of their family members who are in palliative care.
Methods: A qualitative research method was used. Data were obtained through
interviews. Coding determined categories and codes that were later linked
into grounded theory. For the purposes of the research, a semi-structured interview
was conducted via the Google Meet application. The study involved 4
participants.
Results: The analysis of the interviews defined four categories that talk about
the segments of holistic care: physical, psychological, social and spiritual needs.
The presented codes are supported by the statements of the participants.
Discussion: Family members of patients in palliative care recognize the needs
arising from all four dimensions of human – physical, psychological, social and
spiritual needs, but in practice, the emphasis is still on caring for physical needs.
Conclusion: The best results of palliative care are recognized in taking care of
the physical needs of patients, especially pain, but more effort should be made
in educating nurses and organizing changes to completely implement holistic
nursing care in which psychological, social and spiritual needs are also taken
care of
Uvod:
Svaka je osoba višedimenzionalno biće te iz svake dimenzije proizlaze određene potrebe. U palijativnoj skrbi naglasak je na ublažavanju tjelesnih, emocionalnih, duhovnih i socijalnih potreba bolesnika kroz holistički pristup. Cilj istraživanja bio je utvrditi kako članovi obitelji prepoznaju i doživljavaju potrebe svojih članova obitelji koji su u palijativnoj skrbi.
Metode:
Korištena je kvalitativna metoda istraživanja. Podaci su dobiveni tehnikom intervjuiranja. Kodiranjem su određene kategorije i kodovi koji su kasnije povezani u utemeljenu teoriju. Za potrebe istraživanja napravljen je polustrukturirani intervju koji je proveden putem Google Meet aplikacije. U istraživanju su sudjelovala 4 ispitanika.
Rezultati:
Analizom intervjua definirane su četiri kategorije koje govore o segmentima holističke skrbi: fizičke, psihološke, socijalne i duhovne potrebe. Prikazani su kodovi potkrijepljeni izjavama sudionika.
Rasprava:
Članovi obitelji kod pacijenata u palijativnoj skrbi prepoznaju potrebe koje proizlaze iz svih četiriju dimenzija čovjeka – fizičke, psihološke, socijalne i duhovne potrebe, no u praksi je naglasak još uvijek na zbrinjavanju fizičkih potreba.
Zaključak:
Najbolji rezultati palijativne skrbi prepoznati su u zbrinjavanju fizičkih potreba bolesnika, osobito boli. Međutim, za provođenje holističke sestrinske skrbi u kojoj se podjednako zbrinjavaju i psihološke, socijalne te duhovne potrebe nužno je uložiti dodatni napor u organizaciju edukacije medicinskih sestara, kao i u organizacijske promjene.
Background:
Unlike passive didactic teaching, the introduction of innovative active-learning approaches to university nursing curricula aims to address the educational content in an interactive ...learning environment, improving in turn the learning process and problem-solving skills indispensable for future infection control professionals. One such strategy is the use of educational games, which can motivate students and enhance the degree of their engagement. We appraised the effectiveness of introducing an interactive game based on a popular television quiz show “Who Wants to be a Millionaire?” for educational attainment, exam performance, and course perception in nursing students.
Methods:
A whole generation of second-year undergraduate nursing students (126 female and 27 male participants; age range, 19–41 years) from a public university in Croatia (University Centre Varazdin, University North) were divided into 2 groups by cluster randomization; one group had received additional hours of game play after core training curriculum in a “Hygiene and Epidemiology” course, while the other had not. Game play was accomplished by employing ‘edutaining’ interactive multimedia approach, and covered primarily hand hygiene, cough etiquette, the use of personal protective equipment, sterilization and disinfection, and safe injection practices. Quantitative results of multiple-choice exams were used to evaluate any differences in the knowledge level of respective groups. A satisfaction opinion survey was used to gauge attitudes of students attending the course. Statistical significance was defined as
P
< .05 (2-tailed).
Results:
The mean baseline examination score was 28.30±5.79 points for the game group and 24.65±5.94 points for the control group, demonstrating improved knowledge retention when the interactive game was introduced into the curriculum. The statistically significant improvement in knowledge was observed in the domains of personal protective equipment and safe injection practices. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall scores between male and female students. Students who were subjected to game play expressed more agreement on a Likert scale regarding course enjoyment and innovativeness, albeit they did not differ from control group when assessing the educational merit of the course.
Conclusions:
Introducing interactive games to university courses that cover infection control may boost student enjoyment and enhance long-term retention of information, as confirmed by this study. Nonetheless, extra care should be taken when specific games that have not been assessed objectively are implemented. Further research in this field will elucidate how this increased knowledge retention in infection control principles translates to quotidian practice, for the benefit of students and (ultimately) patients.
Funding:
No
Disclosures:
None
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of self-care on the prevalence of loneliness among elderly people living in retirement homes and older people living in their ...homes/communities.
Design/methodology/approach
The research was conducted through standardized SELSA-L assessment loneliness questionnaires and the Self Care Assessment Worksheet for self-care assessment. The results were processed using the Kruskal–Wallis test.
Findings
The obtained results have shown that impaired self-care ability affects the prevalence of loneliness among the elderly almost the same in both groups of participants. However, regarding the relationship between the state of health and self-care, only a statistically significant difference in the prevalence of loneliness is found in the case of the participants living in their homes, with the worst health condition affecting the poorer psychological care.
Research limitations/implications
It is necessary to point out the limitations of the research, primarily sample limitations and the selected design of the study. The sample consisted of two different and relatively small groups of participants which could adversely affect the representativeness of the sample and reduce the possibility of generalising the results. The next limiting factor is the age distribution the authors used in the research, where the age of the participants as a very important variable was collected by age range and not precisely which consequently resulted in inequality in subgroup sizes. Thus, the middle age (75–85) covers up to ten years, which is a huge range at an older age and can mean major differences in functional ability, and can impact the self-care assessment.
Practical implications
Nurses are indispensable in care for the elderly and they need to promote and encourage self-care of the elderly through health care. Elderly people living in retirement homes should be allowed to participate equally in health care in order to preserve their own autonomy and dignity. However, to benefit those who live in their homes, nurses should be connected to the local community and thus stimulate various forms of preventative (testing blood sugar levels, blood pressure and educating on the importance of preventive examinations) or recreational activities in the environment of elderly people with the goal of preserving their functional abilities.
Originality/value
The impact of self-care on loneliness was not sufficiently researched, and this paper contributed to understanding the complexity of loneliness phenomena among the elderly with the aim of developing a model of prevention.
Uvod: Svaka je osoba višedimenzionalno biće te iz svake dimenzije proizlaze
određene potrebe. U palijativnoj skrbi naglasak je na ublažavanju tjelesnih,
emocionalnih, duhovnih i socijalnih potreba ...bolesnika kroz holistički pristup. Cilj
istraživanja bio je utvrditi kako članovi obitelji prepoznaju i doživljavaju potrebe
svojih članova obitelji koji su u palijativnoj skrbi.
Metode: Korištena je kvalitativna metoda istraživanja. Podaci su dobiveni tehnikom
intervjuiranja. Kodiranjem su određene kategorije i kodovi koji su kasnije
povezani u utemeljenu teoriju. Za potrebe istraživanja napravljen je polustrukturirani
intervju koji je proveden putem Google Meet aplikacije. U istraživanju su
sudjelovala 4 ispitanika.
Rezultati: Analizom intervjua definirane su četiri kategorije koje govore o segmentima
holističke skrbi: fizičke, psihološke, socijalne i duhovne potrebe. Prikazani
su kodovi potkrijepljeni izjavama sudionika.
Rasprava: Članovi obitelji kod pacijenata u palijativnoj skrbi prepoznaju potrebe
koje proizlaze iz svih četiriju dimenzija čovjeka – fizičke, psihološke, socijalne
i duhovne potrebe, no u praksi je naglasak još uvijek na zbrinjavanju fizičkih
potreba.
Zaključak: Najbolji rezultati palijativne skrbi prepoznati su u zbrinjavanju fizičkih
potreba bolesnika, osobito boli. Međutim, za provođenje holističke sestrinske
skrbi u kojoj se podjednako zbrinjavaju i psihološke, socijalne te duhovne
potrebe nužno je uložiti dodatni napor u organizaciju edukacije medicinskih sestara,
kao i u organizacijske promjene.
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