Techniques such as equilibrium (DC) and dynamic (AC) magnetic measurements have been used to determine the anisotropy constant of a variety of magnetic nanoparticles, obtaining values that are often ...an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding bulk material. Unfortunately, the effect of particle-particle interactions is often neglected, hence the reported values are an effective collective parameter , rather than an intrinsic property. In this study we used DC and AC magnetic measurements to determine the anisotropy constant of magnetic nanoparticles fixed in a cross-linked polymer matrix. We used nanoparticle concentrations of 0.1%, 1%, 6%, and 33%(w/w) in order to determine the effect of concentration, and hence interactions, on the value determined for the anisotropy constant. The effect of interaction on determining the magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant was accounted for by using the Ne?el and Vogel-Fulcher relaxation models, the latter with an effective interaction temperature determined from independent measurements. A decrease in the anisotropy constant determined from these measurements was observed with decreasing particle concentration from ~ 6100 kerg/cm 3 to ~ 500 kerg/cm 3 using the Vogel-Fulcher model and from ~ 9100 kerg/cm 3 to ~ 1100 kerg/cm 3 using the Ne?el model. The values obtained for the most dilute samples using the Vogel-Fulcher model are of comparable magnitude to bulk values for magnetite. More importantly, the value of ? 0 obtained from AC susceptibility decreased from 10 -32 to 10 -9 s with decreasing particle concentration. As ? 0 is expected to be of the order of 10 -9 s, these results indicate that the value of magnetic anisotropy determined for the dilute sample represents an intrinsic rather than effective property. These measurements and analysis illustrate the importance of particle concentration/interactions in determining the intrinsic magnetic properties of nanoparticles, particularly the anisotropy constant .
The genus Citrus amounts to one of the most relevant fruit crops in the world. This work assays overall fruit quality information in order to ascertain the optimal harvest timing of three late-season ...orange cultivars (‘Barberina’, ‘Valencia Midknight’ and ‘Valencia Delta Seedless’) during two consecutive growing seasons. Thus, morphological and physicochemical parameters, organic acids, polyphenolic content and antioxidant activity (ABTS and DPPH) were analyzed. ‘Barberina’ yielded the highest morphological (large and heavy fruits, albeit with lower fruit color index) and physicochemical (high juice content and intermediate but optimal acidity) fruit quality, with April providing the optimal harvest timing. By contrast, ‘Valencia Delta Seedless’ offered the smallest fruits, while ‘Valencia Midknight’ reported the lowest physicochemical juice quality (low juice content and earlier sensory depreciation). Nevertheless, both ‘Valencia Delta Seedless’ and ‘Valencia Midknight’ had higher functional quality than ‘Barberina’, which could be interesting for the industry in terms of obtaining higher added value products. Thus, ‘Valencia Midknight’ fruits recorded the highest organic acids concentration, especially in citric acid, while ‘Valencia Delta Seedless’ fruits showed the highest antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid concentration. In addition, while March-April emerged as the optimal harvest timing in terms of the highest organic acids concentration and antioxidant activity, it was February the optimal harvest timing for polyphenols content. Finally, the 2017/2018 growing season proposed better response of color index, density, polyphenols and antioxidants, but lower results of total organic acids.
The only anticipated resonant contributions to B^{+}→D^{+}D^{-}K^{+} decays are charmonium states in the D^{+}D^{-} channel. A model-independent analysis, using LHCb proton-proton collision data ...taken at center-of-mass energies of sqrts=7, 8, and 13 TeV, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb^{-1}, is carried out to test this hypothesis. The description of the data assuming that resonances only manifest in decays to the D^{+}D^{-} pair is shown to be incomplete. This constitutes evidence for a new contribution to the decay, potentially one or more new charm-strange resonances in the D^{-}K^{+} channel with masses around 2.9 GeV/c^{2}.
A study of the lineshape of the χc1 ( 3872 ) state is made using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 fb−1 collected in p p collisions at center-of-mass energies of 7 and ...8 TeV with the LHCb detector. Candidate χc1 ( 3872 ) and ψ ( 2S ) mesons from b -hadron decays are selected in the J / ψ π+ π− decay mode. Describing the lineshape with a Breit-Wigner function, the mass splitting between the χc1 ( 3872 ) and ψ ( 2S ) states, Δm, and the width of the χc1 ( 3872 ) state, ΓBW, are determined to be ..., where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. Using a Flatté-inspired model, the mode and full width at half maximum of the lineshape are determined to be ... . An investigation of the analytic structure of the Flatté amplitude reveals a pole structure, which is compatible with a quasibound D0 D*0 state but a quasivirtual state is still allowed at the level of 2 standard deviations. (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omited.).
Measurement of the W boson mass Ackernley, T.; Balagura, V.; Belyaev, I. ...
The journal of high energy physics,
2022, Volume:
2022, Issue:
1
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
A
bstract
The
W
boson mass is measured using proton-proton collision data at
s
= 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.7 fb
−
1
recorded during 2016 by the LHCb experiment. With a ...simultaneous fit of the muon
q/p
T
distribution of a sample of
W
→
μν
decays and the
ϕ
*
distribution of a sample of
Z
→
μμ
decays the
W
boson mass is determined to be
m
w
=
80354
±
23
stat
±
10
exp
±
17
theory
±
9
PDF
MeV
,
where uncertainties correspond to contributions from statistical, experimental systematic, theoretical and parton distribution function sources. This is an average of results based on three recent global parton distribution function sets. The measurement agrees well with the prediction of the global electroweak fit and with previous measurements.
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Using proton-proton collision data at centre-of-mass energies of s=7,8 and 13TeV recorded by the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated ...luminosity of 9fb-1, the invariant mass spectrum of J/ψ pairs is studied. A narrow structure around 6.9GeV/c2 matching the lineshape of a resonance and a broad structure just above twice the J/ψ mass are observed. The deviation of the data from nonresonant J/ψ-pair production is above five standard deviations in the mass region between 6.2 and 7.4GeV/c2, covering predicted masses of states composed of four charm quarks. The mass and natural width of the narrow X(6900) structure are measured assuming a Breit-Wigner lineshape.
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First evidence of a structure in the J/ψΛ invariant mass distribution is obtained from an amplitude analysis of Ξb-→J/ψΛK- decays. The observed structure is consistent with being due ...to a charmonium pentaquark with strangeness with a significance of 3.1σ including systematic uncertainties and look-elsewhere effect. Its mass and width are determined to be 4458.8±2.9-1.1+4.7MeV and 17.3±6.5-5.7+8.0MeV, respectively, where the quoted uncertainties are statistical and systematic. The structure is also consistent with being due to two resonances. In addition, the narrow excited Ξ- states, Ξ1690- and Ξ1820-, are seen for the first time in a Ξb- decay, and their masses and widths are measured with improved precision. The analysis is performed using pp collision data corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 9 fb-1, collected with the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8 and 13 TeV.
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