Gynecologists are increasingly adopting total laparoscopic hysterectomy as their preferred method for performing a hysterectomy. The laparoscopic approach offers a superior view of the anatomy, ...facilitates meticulous hemostasis, enables the surgeon to perform adnexal surgery and pelvic reconstructive surgery, and reduces morbidity associated with large abdominal incisions. During the last 10 years, the surgeons at the Sydney Women's Endosurgery Centre (SWEC) have developed a laparoscopic technique using the same well-known steps as in the open abdominal approach. The ovarian pedicles are ligated, the uterine pedicles and vaginal vault are sutured laparoscopically, and some novel time-saving maneuvers are adopted.
Increased soybean foliar disease potential has heightened grower interest in fungicide application techniques. Application field trials comparing application rate 187 vs. 112 L/ha (20 vs. 12 ...gal/acre), nozzle style (twin-orifice; single-orifice) and spray quality (fine vs. medium and coarse spray quality), and application technique (with and without air-assist) along with an unsprayed check were done at two locations over two years. Fungicide deposition (coverage and droplet size) and disease severity in the bottom, middle, and top parts of the plant canopy, and soybean yield were measured. Fungicide deposition coverage reduced from the top (8%-18%) to the middle (4%-8%) to the bottom (1%-4%) of the canopy. Coverage was less affected by application treatment, however in wider rows 76-cm (30-in.) coverage increased with the high-rate and air-assist treatments when spray quality was near the border between fine and medium. Conversely, in narrow rows 38-cm (15-in.), least coverage was obtained with fine droplets produced by hollow-cone tips on an air-assisted sprayer. Size of droplets deposited generally followed predictions suggested by spray quality. Few disease severity differences were observed. Yield was unaffected by treatments sprayed during late reproductive stages (late R3 - R5) of the soybean plant.
Despite 10 years of intensive education and training in Australia only around 14% of hysterectomies are performed with laparoscopic assistance. In particular total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) has ...a poor penetration rate because of perceived technical difficulties that include instrumentation, prolonged operating times and an increase in complications. We present a series of 200 consecutive cases of TLH with very good results and propose that because of the many advantages that this technique offers that it should become the standard procedure for benign uterine disease.
The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is critically required for adipogenesis. PPARgamma exists as two isoforms, gamma1 and gamma2. PPARgamma2 is the more ...potent adipogenic isoform in vitro and is normally restricted to adipose tissues, where it is regulated more by nutritional state than PPARgamma1. To elucidate the relevance of the PPARgamma2 in vivo, we generated a mouse model in which the PPARgamma2 isoform was specifically disrupted. Despite similar weight, body composition, food intake, energy expenditure, and adipose tissue morphology, male mice lacking the gamma2 isoform were more insulin resistant than wild-type animals when fed a regular diet. These results indicate that insulin resistance associated with ablation of PPARgamma2 is not the result of lipodystrophy and suggests a specific role for PPARgamma2 in maintaining insulin sensitivity independently of its effects on adipogenesis. Furthermore, PPARgamma2 knockout mice fed a high-fat diet did not become more insulin resistant than those on a normal diet, despite a marked increase in their mean adipocyte cell size. These findings suggest that PPARgamma2 is required for the maintenance of normal insulin sensitivity in mice but also raises the intriguing notion that PPARgamma2 may be necessary for the adverse effects of a high-fat diet on carbohydrate metabolism.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland, 1996.
eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland, 1996.
eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.
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