Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a public health problem with a high incidence among female patients. Currently, there is an increase in the identification of Candida spp. resistant to current therapy, ...making it necessary to search for new therapeutic alternatives. The synergistic potential of curcumin with fluconazole is described in the literature. However, due to its high lipophilicity, it is necessary to use drug‐delivery systems to adequately explore its potential, among which is the nanostructured lipid carrier. However, to date, there is no validated method of high‐performance liquid chromatography for simultaneous determination of fluconazole and curcumin in the literature. Thus, the present work developed a high‐performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of fluconazole and curcumin co‐encapsulated in nanostructured lipid carrier which was validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use) – Q2 (R1) and the Food and Drug Administration ‐ Guidance for Bioanalytical Method. The method was applied to determine the encapsulation efficiency and drug‐loading of curcumin and fluconazole in nanostructured lipid carriers. The developed method proved to be selective, precise, accurate, and robust for the simultaneous determination of both drugs, enabling the quantification of encapsulation efficiency and drug‐loading of curcumin and fluconazole in nanostructured lipid carriers.
Advanced porous materials for antimicrobial treatment Miguel Sábio, Rafael; Corrêa Carvalho, Gabriela; Li, Jiachen ...
Nano select,
August 2024, 2024-08-00, 20240801, 2024-08-01, Volume:
5, Issue:
7-8
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
Open access
Infectious diseases are a global public health concern generated by uncontrolled uses of antimicrobials resulting in multidrug‐resistant (MDR) pathogens. The antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has made ...explicit the ineffective action of the current medicines and vaccines. Rapid diagnosis and effective treatment are the keys to reduce the capacity of MDR pathogens spreading very fast, avoiding high socioeconomic impact, severe and prolonged illness and death. Advanced porous materials have emerged as promising alternatives to the conventional diagnoses and therapy due to their low‐cost production, high biocompatibility, adjustable porous structure, large surface area, easy surface functionalization and capacity of loading high drugs amount. In this review, we first highlighted the current strategies to fight against infectious diseases. Then, we introduce the main advanced porous materials used in infectious diseases, including mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), porous silicon nanoparticles (PSiNPs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent–organic frameworks (COFs), hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) and porous carbon materials. The strategies to fabricate these materials and their characterization for the application in the recent years for antimicrobial treatment is also discussed. Finally, we present an overview outlook and challenges on the future application of such materials for infectious diseases.
Current strategies to tackle infectious diseases are on demand. Here, the main advanced porous structures materials and their current progress towards for the treatment of infectious diseases are discussed. We expect that our review paper inspires new approaches to design precise nanomedicines based on such porous materials to fight against infectious diseases.
Display omitted
Infectious diseases related to the vagina include diseases caused by the imbalance of the vaginal flora and by sexually transmitted infections. Some of these present themselves as a ...public health problem due to the lack of efficient treatment that leads to their complete cure, and others due to the growing resistance to drugs used in therapy. In this sense, new treatment strategies are desirable, with vaginal administration rout being a great choice since can bypass first-pass metabolism and decrease drug interactions and adverse effects. However, it is worth highlighting limitations related to patient's discomfort at application time. Thereby, the use of poloxamer-based drug delivery systems is desirable due its stimuli-sensitive characteristic. Therefore, the present review reports a brief overview of poloxamer properties, biological behavior and advances in poloxamer applications in controlled drug release systems for infectious diseases related to the vagina treatment and prevention.
Fungal infections are one of the main public health problems, especially in immunocompromised patients, nosocomial environments, patients with chronic diseases, and transplant recipients. These ...diseases are increasingly frequent and lethal because the microorganism has a high capacity to acquire resistance to available therapy. The main resistance factors are the emergence of new strains and the uncontrolled use of antifungals. It is, therefore, important to develop new methods that contribute to combating fungal diseases in the clinical area. Natural products have considerable potential for the development of new drugs with antifungal activity, mainly due to their biocompatibility and low toxic effect. This promising antimicrobial activity of natural products is mainly due to the presence of flavonoids, terpenes, and quinones, which explains their antifungal potential. Pharmaceutical nanotechnology has been explored to enhance the delivery, selectivity, and clinical efficacy of these products. Nanotechnological systems provide a safe and selective environment for various substances, such as natural products, improving antifungal activity. However, further safety experiments (in vivo or clinical trials) need to be carried out to prove the therapeutic action of natural products, since they may have undesirable, toxic, and mutagenic effects. Therefore, this review article addresses the main nanotechnological methods using natural products for effective future treatment against the main fungal diseases.
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (CVV) is a condition in which signs and symptoms are related to inflammation caused by Candida spp infection. It is the second leading cause of vaginitis in the ...world, representing a public health problem. The present systematic review comes with the proposal of analyze and identify the available evidence on CVV prevalence in Brazil, pointing out its variability by regions. For this, a systematic literature review was carried out with meta-analysis of cross-sectional and cohort studies, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guide recommendations, and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO 2020 CRD42020181695). The databases used for survey were LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, PUBMED, Web of Science and CINAHL. Fifteen studies were selected to estimate CVV prevalence in the Brazilian territory. South and Southeast regions have higher prevalences than the North and Northeast regions, no data were found for the Midwest region. The estimated prevalence for Brazil is 18%, however, it is suggested that this number is higher due to underreporting and the presence of asymptomatic cases. Therefore, new epidemiological studies are recommended throughout Brazil, to elucidate the profile of this disease in the country, in addition to assisting in the elaboration of an appropriate prevention plan by state.
Lay summary
Data found in the literature regarding the epidemiological profile of vulvovaginal candidiasis in Brazil are obsolete and incomplete, so the present systematic review has the proposal to analyze and identify the evidence on vulvovaginal candidiasis prevalence in Brazil. The estimated prevalence is 18%; however, this number can be higher.
Abstract Dialysis has been widely used in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney diseases and is considered a global public health issue. This treatment, which has changed the prognosis and ...quality of life in patients with chronic renal failure, can lead to complications that are often fatal. For this reason, there is a need for validation of alternative tests that favor the monitoring of treated water for dialysis in real-time to promote and prevent injuries to patients submitted to this procedure.
Due to the high adaptability of Helicobacter pylori and the low targeting specificity of the drugs normally used in pharmacological therapy, the strains are becoming increasingly resistant to these ...drugs, making it difficult to eradicate the infection. Thus, the search for new therapeutic approaches has been considered urgent. The incorporation of drugs in advanced drug delivery systems, such as nano and microparticles, would allow the improvement of the retention time in the stomach and the prolongation of drug release rates at the target site. Because of this, the present review article aims to highlight the use of micro and nanoparticles as important technological tools for the treatment of H. pylori infections, focussing on the main nanotechnological systems, including nanostructured lipid carriers, liposomes, nanoemulsion, metallic nanoparticles, and polymeric nanoparticles, as well as microtechnological systems such as gastroretentive dosage forms, among them mucoadhesive, magnetic and floating systems were highlighted.
Prostate cancer (PC) has a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide, and the current clinical guidelines can vary depending on the stage of the disease. Drug delivery nanosystems (DDNs) can ...improve biopharmaceutical properties of encapsulated anti-cancer drugs by modulating their release kinetics, improving physicochemical stability and reducing toxicity. DDN can also enhance the ability of specific targeting through surface modification by coupling ligands (antibodies, nucleic acids, peptides, aptamer, proteins), thus favouring the cell internalisation process by endocytosis. The purposes of this review are to describe the limitations in the treatment of PC, explore different functionalization such as polymeric, lipid and inorganic nanosystems aimed at the treatment of PC, and demonstrate the improvement of this modification for an active target, as alternative and promising candidates for new therapies.
The crescent number of cases of candidiasis and the increase in the number of infections developed by non-albicans species and by multi-resistant strains has taken the attention of the scientific ...community, which has been searching for new therapeutic alternatives. Among the alternatives found the use of nanosystems for delivery of drugs already commercialized and new biomolecules have grown, in order to increase stability, solubility, optimize efficiency and reduce adverse effects. In view of the growing number of studies involving technological alternatives for the treatment of candidiasis, the present review came with the intention of gathering studies from the last two decades that used nanotechnology for the treatment of candidiasis, as well as analysing them critically and pointing out the future perspectives for their application with this purpose. Different studies were considered for the development of this review, addressing nanosystems such as metallic nanoparticles, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, nanoemulsion, microemulsion, solid lipid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carrier, lipidic nanocapsules and liquid crystals; and different clinical presentations of candidiasis. As a general overview, nanotechnology has proven to be an important ally for the treatment against the diversity of candidiasis found in the clinic, whether in increasing the effectiveness of commercialized drugs and reducing their adverse effects, as well as allowing exploring more effectively properties therapeutics of new biomolecules.
Display omitted
Central venous catheter (CVC) is a medical device widely used in therapeutics to avoid repetitive venipuncture. Although its use is advantageous, it is possible to highlight ...limitations, such as the risk of catheter-related bloodstream infections, caused by excessive manipulation and even the urgency at the time of insertion. These factors lead to an expensive treatment, often hampered by resistance to antimicrobial agents, exposing the patient the risk and even leading to death. The use of CVC impregnated with free drugs or incorporated with nanoparticles is a promising strategy for preventing the adherence of microorganisms in these devices and consequently in the prevention of the infections. Although most of the nanoparticles registered by the FDA for medical use are organic, several studies have reported the potential of inorganic nanoparticles for this purpose. Therefore, the present review seeks to highlight the current scenario of hospital infections related to the use of CVC and the importance of CVCs impregnated with drugs or incorporated with inorganic nanoparticles as an interesting strategy in combating infections assigned to the use of this medical device.
