On Hilbert algebras generated by the order Castiglioni, J. L.; Celani, S. A.; San Martín, H. J.
Archive for mathematical logic,
02/2022, Volume:
61, Issue:
1-2
Journal Article
Peer reviewed
In this paper we study the variety of order Hilbert algebras, which is the equivalent algebraic semantics of the order implicational calculus of Bull (J Symb Logic, 29:33–34, 1964).
To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab (IB) in the long-term control of subfoveal choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) associated with angioid streaks (AS).
Patients with unilateral ...active CNV associated with AS were enrolled. Exclusion criteria were previous treatment for CNV and comorbidity. Postoperative visual acuity was defined as a gain or loss of two or more lines of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Post-treatment CNV size was dichotomised into "increased," if the CNV area had grown by > or =200 microm(2), and "stable/reduced" if it had decreased by > or =200 microm(2) or had not changed by more than 200 microm(2). Patients were retreated if no further improvement or worsening was noted.
Patients were five males and six females aged 33 to 58 years (mean 46.8 (SD 9.2)), who received a mean number of 3.5 (1.3) IB treatments (min: 2; max: 6). The mean retreatment interval was 3 (1.5) months (min: 1; max: 6). The mean follow-up duration was 23.8 (2.9) months. At 20 months all patients had stable/reduced CNV size and stable/improved BCVA. The mean BCVA rose significantly from 0.28 (0.2) at baseline to 0.56 (0.29) at 20 months (p<0.0001).
IB is a promising tool for the long-term control of CNV in AS. Further studies are required to validate these findings.
Objective To evaluate the effect of short-term hormone replacement therapy with tibolone 2.5 mg daily on endothelial function of healthy postmenopausal women, using flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of ...the brachial artery.
Methods We performed a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. A total of 100 healthy postmenopausal women were randomly allocated to receive tibolone (n = 50) or placebo (n = 50) for 28 days. Measurement of the FMD of the brachial artery was performed before and after the use of tibolone and placebo.
Results A total of 31 women completed the study in the tibolone group, and 32 women completed the study in the control group. The results of the FMD measurements obtained from the women in the two groups before treatment were similar (0.018 and 0.091, for tibolone and placebo, p = 0.57). The values of the FMD in women who used tibolone and placebo, before and after the treatment, were similar in both groups. The numbers of women who presented an increase in the values of the FMD in both groups were also similar.
Conclusion Our results demonstrate that the administration of 2.5 mg tibolone to healthy postmenopausal women for 28 days does not promote endothelial-dependent vasodilation, measured by FMD of the brachial artery.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of daily use of Cimicifuga racemosa on endothelial function through flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, when used for 28 days by healthy ...postmenopausal women.
Methods: The double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study included two groups of postmenopausal women (n = 31 each). The subjects were clinically assessed and flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery was measured before and after 28 days of treatment. Patients received dry extract corresponding to 160 mg C. racemosa (extract with 4 mg of triterpene glycosides) or placebo.
Results: Mean age, time since menopause, and body mass index in the two groups were similar. The measurements of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, pre and post treatment, respectively, showed a significant increase in patients who used C. racemosa (p = 0.006), unlike patients who used placebo, who did not present changes in the outcome of flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery after 28 days of use (p ≥ 0.05). When comparing the number of women in both groups who showed an increase in flow-mediated dilation, a significant difference was found in the measurements of the treated group after the use of the medication (p = 0.018).
Conclusions: Daily use of 160 mg C. racemosa extract by postmenopausal women for 28 days beneficially influences endothelial function by promoting elasticity of the brachial artery.
This paper presents an innovative reactor concept which is based on a double-stage biogas collection (DSBC) device aimed at controlling scum formation and accumulation in UASB reactors treating ...municipal wastewater. Scum production inside a control reactor and a DSBC-UASB reactor was compared and much lower scum yield coefficients were observed for the DSBC-UASB reactor. However, the mass balance indicated that the dominant control mechanism was scum disaggregation and exit to settler zone rather than scum degradation.
In this work we shall give a characterization of the Hilbert algebras given by the order and we will prove a duality for finite Hilbert algebras by means of finite ordered sets endowed with a ...distinguished set of subsets. We will also study the case when the finite Hilbert algebras are join-semilattices or meet-semilattices relative to the natural order defined by the implication. Finally we will prove that Hilbert do not admit a natural duality.
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