ECAL0 is a new electromagnetic calorimeter designed for studying generalized parton distributions at the COMPASS II experiment at CERN. It will be located next to the target and will cover larger ...photon angles (up to 30 degrees). It is a modular high-granularity Shashlyk device with total number of individual channels of approx. 1700 and readout based on wavelength shifting fibers and micropixel avalanche photodiodes. Characterization of the calorimeter includes tests of particular sub-components, tests of complete modules and module arrays, as well as a pilot run of a fully-functional, quarter-size prototype in the COMPASS experiment. The main goals of the tests on low-intensity electron beam at the ELSA accelerator in Bonn were: to provide energy calibration using electrons, to measure angular response of the calorimeter and to perform an energy scan to cross-check previously collected data. A dedicated measurement setup was prepared for the tests, including a 3x3 array of the ECAL0 modules, a scintillating-fibre hodoscope and a remotely-controlled motorized movable platform. The measurements were performed using three electron energies: 3.2 GeV, 1.6 GeV and 0.8 GeV. They include a calibration of the whole detector array with a straight beam and multiple angular scans.
The array of 3 × 3 modules of the electromagnetic calorimeter ECAL0 of the COMPASS experiment at CERN has been tested with an electron beam of the ELSA (Germany) facility. The dependence of the ...response and the energy resolution of the calorimeter from the angle of incidence of the electron beam has been studied. A good agreement between the experimental data and the results of Monte Carlo simulation has been obtained. It will significantly expand the use of simulation to optimize event reconstruction algorithms.
ECAL0 is a new electromagnetic calorimeter designed for studying generalized parton distributions at the COMPASS II experiment at CERN. It will be located next to the target and will cover larger ...photon angles (up to 30 degrees). It is a modular high-granularity Shashlyk device with total number of individual channels of approx. 1700 and readout based on wavelength shifting fibers and micropixel avalanche photodiodes. Characterization of the calorimeter includes tests of particular sub-components, tests of complete modules and module arrays, as well as a pilot run of a fully-functional, quarter-size prototype in the COMPASS experiment. The main goals of the tests on low-intensity electron beam at the ELSA accelerator in Bonn were: to provide energy calibration using electrons, to measure angular response of the calorimeter and to perform an energy scan to cross-check previously collected data. A dedicated measurement setup was prepared for the tests, including a 3x3 array of the ECAL0 modules, a scintillating-fibre hodoscope and a remotely-controlled motorized movable platform. The measurements were performed using three electron energies: 3.2 GeV, 1.6 GeV and 0.8 GeV. They include a calibration of the whole detector array with a straight beam and multiple angular scans.
The salivary excretion of inorganic ions in sheep was studied parallel with infusion of salt solutions of different composition through the temporary isolated rumen cavityin vivo. The amount of Na+ ...excreted with saliva decreases by 15–55% after an intravenous loading with acetazolamide (50 mg/kg of animal weight) and by 25–55%, of K+, which represents a part of the ion excretion with participation of H+ exchanges. The Na+ excretion that is not inhibited by acetazolamide in sheep is about 40 mmol/10 kg of exchange mass per 1 h in all experiments with loading.
A technology for manufacturing a new micropixel avalanche photodiode (MAPD) with deeply buried pixels (including two epitaxial layers between which an array of
n
+
) regions is formed by ionic ...doping) is described. A new method for manufacturing the compact MAPD matrices with minimum dead zone is proposed.
Design and operation principles of a new microchannel avalanche photodiode with an avalanche multiplication coefficient of up to 10
5
and a linearity range expanded by an order of magnitude compared ...to the existing analogs are described. A distinctive feature of the new device design is that the forward-biased
p_n
junctions (playing the role of individual quenching resistors) are situated under each pixel. This circumstance ensures an increase in the density of multiplication channels up to 40000 mm-
2
at a 100% sensitive device area.
A magnetic spectrometer system has been constructed for the study of reactions with multiple charged particles in the final state, induced by polarized proton beams of few GeV energy. The system is ...based on a large-gap dipole magnet, with a liquid hydrogen target and scintillating fiber tracking detectors embedded inside the magnet. Multiwire proportional chambers, plastic scintillator hodoscopes, and threshold Cherenkov detectors placed outside the magnet provide additional tracking, triggering and particle identification capabilities. The system has been applied to study exclusive hyperon as well as pseudoscalar and vector meson production reactions at bombarding energies below 3
GeV. Additionally, it has been used to monitor the proton beam polarization at Laboratoire National Saturne. The components and performance of the system are reported.
Up-to-date experimental results on mechanisms and physiological significance of mineral cations absorption in the reticulo-rumen of ruminants are observed in the review. Up to 90% of sodium, 100% of ...potassium and calcium and about 30-60% of magnesium pass across epithelium of the reticulo-rumen of domestic ruminants by electroneitral way through cation per hydrogen exchanges. In wild ruminant (reindeer) the item for sodium is up to 100%. Intracellular hydrogen ions are available due to carbonic anhydrase I function. The exchanges have great significance for the animals. The first, their organisms get cations mainly by metabolic products using. The second, hydrogen ions excretion is necessary for reticulo-rumen epithelial cells successful proliferation. The third, hydrogen ions excretion may be considered as a excretory mechanism of metabolic acidosis compensation in the digestive tract of ruminants. These moments may be observed as physiological mechanisms of adaptation of wild ruminants to seasonal dynamic of nutrition.
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