Aims
Chronic inflammation is linked to cancer. This study aims to evaluate the association between chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) through a Taiwanese nationwide ...database.
Methods
We used the National Health Insurance Research Database between January 1, 2003, and December 31, 2012. The starting date is either the date of the first clinical visit or the diagnosis of CRS. Patients were followed up until the first occurrence of target disease or the last date of medical record. Propensity score 1 to 2 matching was used to match pairs of patients with/without CRS.
Results
A total of 951 380 eligible patients were included in our study, with 36 210 patients diagnosed with CRS. After 1 to 2 propensity score matching, non‐CRS cohort consisted of 69 258 patients and CRS cohort consisted of 34 629 patients. CRS was associated with the risk of developing NPC (adjusted OR = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.61–3.09). However, no significant association among CRS and NPC was observed in patients followed up for more than 1 year (adjusted OR = 1.16; 95% CI, 0.76–1.78).
Conclusions
Patients with CRS diagnosis have relationship with developing NPC within 1 year of follow‐up, but not for longer intervals. The short‐term association may be due to reversed causation or biased diagnosis. Accordingly, the study suggests CRS a weak role for NPC.
Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis have relationship with developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma within 1 year of follow‐up, but not for longer intervals. The short‐term association may be due to reversed causation or biased diagnosis.
To identify the characteristics of asymptomatic meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD), symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with dry eye disease (DED).
This cross sectional study enrolled a total of 153 ...eyes of 87 MGD patients. Participants filled in ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaires. Age, gender, Schirmer's test, meibomian gland (MG) related parameters, lipid layer thickness (LLT) and blinking were compared among patients with asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD with DED. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the significant factor of DED in MGD. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used to evaluate the association between the significant factors and MG function.
There was no difference in age, Schirmer's test, lid changes, MG secretion, and MG morphology among three groups. The OSDI of asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD and MGD coexisting with DED were 8.5 ± 2.9, 28.5 ± 12.8 and 27.9 ± 10.5, respectively. Patients with MGD coexisting with DED exhibited more frequent eye blinking than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (8.1 ± 4.1 vs. 6.1 ± 3.5 blinks/20 sec, P = 0.022), and reduced LLT than that of patients with asymptomatic MGD (68.6 ± 17.2 vs. 77.6 ± 14.5 nm, P = 0.010) and symptomatic MGD (78.0 ± 17.1 nm, P = 0.015). Multivariate analysis identified LLT (per nm, OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.93-0.99, P = 0.002) as a significant factor associated with DED development in MGD. The number of expressible MG was positively correlated with LLT (Spearman's correlation coefficient = 0.299, P = 0.016) but negatively correlated with the number of blinking (Spearman's correlation coefficient = -0.298, P = 0.016) in MGD patients with DED, and these findings were not identified in those without DED.
Asymptomatic MGD, symptomatic MGD, and MGD coexisting with DED share similar characteristics, including meibum secretion and morphology, but MGD patients coexisting with DED exhibited significantly reduced LLT.
Abstract
Background
Intraocular osseous metaplasia is a rare histological finding associated with benign cellular transformation. Its development requires inflammatory cytokines and the process takes ...many years. Previous case reports of intraocular ossification manifested as linear calcification or white plaques. In contrast, our case presented with a tumor-like solid mass, in which a long-standing chronic inflammatory stimulation may contribute to the stunning appearance.
Case presentation
This is a 48-year-old woman with past history of advanced Coat’s-like retinopathy and chronic retinal detachment in the left eye for 12 years. She underwent vitreoretinal surgery to prevent phthisis bulbi. During the operation, a 9 mm solid mass was found embedded within the proliferative tissue above the retina and was removed. Pathological findings revealed bone formation in the center of the mass surrounded by fibrous metaplasia and focal gliotic changes. Layers of cohesive cells were found lining on the external side of the mass, and further immuno-histochemical study suggested them retinal pigment epithelial cells. Postoperatively, the retina was attached with stable visual acuity and normal intraocular pressure.
Conclusion
To our knowledge, the appearance of a tumor-like mass representing intraocular osseous metaplasia in eyes with chronic inflammation or retinal detachment has not been reported in previous case reports. This case emphasizes the importance of considering osseous metaplasia as one of the differential diagnoses of an unknown intraocular mass, especially in eyes with great severity of chronic inflammation. Also, our immuno-histochemical study provided more evidence on the pathological role of retinal pigment epithelial cells in developing ossification.
Autosomal-dominant cone-rod dystrophy 7 (CORD7) has been documented in association with
mutation (c.2459 G>A). We report a patient with retinal dystrophy who was heterozygous for
missense variant ...with a newly found point mutation (c.4036 G>T). Clinical findings of this genetic variant manifested differently from a typical CORD7. In addition, astrocytic hamartomas at bilateral optic discs are also a unique feature, which has not been described in CORD previously.
Medical records of this patient were retrospectively reviewed. Genetic testing with whole exon sequencing was performed.
This 43-year-old female with history of decreased night vision since childhood came to our hospital complaining of blurred vision in both eyes for more than half a year. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200 in both eyes. Dilated fundoscopic examination revealed symmetric diffuse atrophy of retinal pigment epithelium with peripheral pigmentary clumps. Also, optic disc astrocytic hamartomas were found bilaterally. Optical coherence tomography revealed extensive disruption of inner segment/outer segment junction in both eyes. Visual field test showed severe peripheral defect sparing central vision. Electroretinogram demonstrated both rod and cone cells abnormalities. Subsequent genetic testing reported heterozygosity for the
(c.4036 G>T) mutation.
This is the first reported case of
mutation-associated retinal dystrophy with a newly found point mutation (c.4036 G>T), which presented differently from a typical CORD7 and more similarly to the phenotype of RP. Furthermore, our finding of bilateral optic disc astrocytic hamartomas has not been reported in association with CORD previously.
Autosomal-dominant cone-rod dystrophy 7 (CORD7) has been documented in association with RIM1 mutation (c.2459 G>A). We report a patient with retinal dystrophy who was heterozygous for RIM1 missense ...variant with a newly found point mutation (c.4036 G>T). Clinical findings of this genetic variant manifested differently from a typical CORD7. In addition, astrocytic hamartomas at bilateral optic discs are also a unique feature, which has not been described in CORD previously.
Medical records of this patient were retrospectively reviewed. Genetic testing with whole exon sequencing was performed.
This 43-year-old female with history of decreased night vision since childhood came to our hospital complaining of blurred vision in both eyes for more than half a year. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/200 in both eyes. Dilated fundoscopic examination revealed symmetric diffuse atrophy of retinal pigment epithelium with peripheral pigmentary clumps. Also, optic disc astrocytic hamartomas were found bilaterally. Optical coherence tomography revealed extensive disruption of inner segment/outer segment junction in both eyes. Visual field test showed severe peripheral defect sparing central vision. Electroretinogram demonstrated both rod and cone cells abnormalities. Subsequent genetic testing reported heterozygosity for the RIM1 (c.4036 G>T) mutation.
This is the first reported case of RIM1 mutation-associated retinal dystrophy with a newly found point mutation (c.4036 G>T), which presented differently from a typical CORD7 and more similarly to the phenotype of RP. Furthermore, our finding of bilateral optic disc astrocytic hamartomas has not been reported in association with CORD previously.
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