Seed treatment with fungi of the genus Trichoderma spp. provides several benefits, including plant growth promotion, stress tolerance, and pathogenic fungi control. Moreover, to avoid inadequate ...doses and unnecessary costs, these treatments must be applied in proper amounts. However, no study has evaluated their applicability in wheat seeds. This study aimed to determine the most efficient dose of Trichoderma-based products applied as a seed treatment for improving the physiological and sanitary quality of the wheat cultivars TBIO ‘Toruk’ and TBIO ‘Sossego’, besides comparing the performance of biological and chemical agents. Two biological treatments (Trichoderma asperellum SF 04 and Trichoderma harzianum IBLF006) were applied at 0 (control), 5 × 1011, 1 × 1012, 1.5 × 1012, and 2 × 1012 colony-forming units (CFU) 100 kg−1 seed. Two chemical treatments (carboxin + thiram and pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) were applied at the manufacturers’ recommended doses. Seed germination, shoot and root lengths, seedling dry matter, and sanitary quality were analyzed under laboratory conditions, while seedling emergence, shoot length, and shoot dry matter were analyzed under greenhouse conditions. The optimal dose for wheat seed treatment with T. asperellum SF 04 and T. harzianum IBLF006 was 2 × 1012 CFU 100 kg−1 seed. When comparing biological and chemical products, our findings indicate that both options are adequate for managing wheat diseases and providing seedling growth via seed treatment.
From the earliest days of the COVID-19 pandemic, public health officials and news organizations reported pervasive racial disparities in the infection, morbidity, and mortality of the virus. In both ...the U.S. and Brazil, Black, Native, and mixed-race individuals were more negatively impacted by COVID-19 than White people. Simultaneously, significant social factions downplayed the threat and insisted on living “normally”. We examined how these two factors coexisted.
We sought to establish whether Whites’ anti-Black attitudes predicted their concern about the pandemic and tendency to behave in ways that exacerbated the pandemic.
and Results: In five studies, conducted in two countries (total N = 3425), we found that anti-Black attitudes (above and beyond political orientation, White racial identification, and perceptions of racial disparities) were associated with less concern about COVID-19, lower adoption of health and social distancing behaviors, and greater interest in returning to normalcy.
We discuss how efforts to combat anti-Blackness may improve the health of the general population.
•We examine COVID-19 attitudes in the U.S. and Brazil.•Anti-Black racism predicted Whites' decreased concern about COVID-19.•Racism predicted Whites' decreased intentions to engage in health behaviors.
Background
The therapeutic potential of adult stem cells in the treatment of chronic diseases is becoming increasingly evident. In the present study, we sought to assess whether treatment with ...mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) efficiently retards progression of chronic renal failure (CRF) when administered to experimental models of less severe CRF.
Methods
We used two renal mass reduction models to simulate different stages of CRF (5/6 or 2/3 mass renal reduction). Renal functional parameters measured were serum creatinine (SCr), creatinine clearance (CCr), rate of decline in CCr (RCCr), and 24-h proteinuria (PT24h). We also evaluated renal morphology by histology and immunohistochemistry. MSCs were obtained from bone marrow aspirates and injected into the renal parenchyma of the remnant kidneys of both groups of rats with CRF (MSC5/6 or MSC2/3).
Results
Animals from groups MSC5/6 and CRF2/3 seemed to benefit from MSC therapy because they showed significantly reduction in SCr and PT24h, increase in CCr and slowed the RCCr after 90 days. Treatment reduced glomerulosclerosis but significant improvement did occur in the tubulointerstitial compartment with much less fibrosis and atrophy. MSC therapy reduced inflammation by decreasing macrophage accumulation proliferative activity (PCNA-positive cells) and fibrosis (α-SM-actin). Comparisons of renal functional and morphological parameters responses between the two groups showed that rats MSC2/3 were more responsive to MSC therapy than MSC5/6.
Conclusion
This study showed that MSC therapy is efficient to retard CRF progression and might be more effective when administered during less severe stages of CRF.
Este estudo tem por objetivo relatar o caso de um paciente canino, da raça Spitz Alemão, macho e apresentar a abordagem terapêutica de escolha: microagulhamento associado a orquiectomia. A alopecia ...“X” é uma dermatopatia comum na dermatologia, não inflamatória e não pruriginosa. Nesta, observa-se predileção racial e etária, visto que acomete mais comumente animais de raças nórdicas, com pelagem dupla, em especial cães da raça Spitz Alemão, entre um e cinco anos de idade. Qualifica-se pela perda gradativa da pelagem, poupando apenas cabeça e terços finais dos membros em seus estágios mais evoluídos. A etiologia e patogênese da alopecia X ainda permanecem como uma incógnita, mas há indicativos de fatores genéticos ligados a essa doença.
RESUMO: A partir da literatura psicanalítica, são discutidas as consequências da incidência do ideal médico-científico contemporâneo e da subjetividade dos pais para a constituição do ...sujeito-criança. Objetiva-se demonstrar que, na contramão do ideal médico-científico que trata a criança como objeto de intervenção, a psicanálise escuta essa criança - sua voz e seu discurso - como um sujeito que tem o que dizer sobre sua falta de atenção e hiperatividade. Conclui-se que, para se constituir como sujeito desejante, a criança deveria ser tomada como extimidade, como sujeito do próprio discurso e construtora de um saber peculiar acerca de seu sintoma.
Abstract: From the psychoanalytic literature, the consequences of the incidence of the contemporary medical-scientific knowledge and of the subjectivity of the parents to the constitution of the subject-child are discussed. The objective is to demonstrate that, contrary to the medical-scientific knowledge that treats the child as an intervention object, psychoanalysis listens to this child - his voice and his speech - as a subject who has to say about his lack of attention and hyperactivity. It is concluded that, in order to constitute itself as a desiring subject, the child should be taken as expeciality, as the subject of the discourse itself and as the constructor of a peculiar knowledge about its symptom.
Forecasting is of utmost importance for the Tourism Industry. The development of models to predict visitation demand to specific places is essential to formulate adequate tourism development plans ...and policies. Yet, only a handful of models deal with the hard problem of fine-grained (per attraction) tourism demand prediction. In this paper, we argue that three key requirements of this type of application should be fulfilled: (i) recency—forecasting models should consider the impact of recent events (e.g. weather change, epidemics and pandemics); (ii) seasonality—tourism behavior is inherently seasonal; and (iii) model specialization—individual attractions may have very specific idiosyncratic patterns of visitations that should be taken into account. These three key requirements should be considered explicitly and in conjunction to advance the state-of-the-art in tourism prediction models. In our experiments, considering a rich set of indoor and outdoor attractions with environmental and social data, the explicit incorporation of such requirements as features into the models improved the rate of highly accurate predictions by more than 320% when compared to the current state-of-the-art in the field. Moreover, they also help to solve very difficult prediction cases, previously poorly solved by the current models. We also investigate the performance of the models in the (simulated) scenarios in which it is impossible to fulfill all three requirements—for instance, when there is not enough historical data for an attraction to capture seasonality. All in all, the main contributions of this paper are the proposal and evaluation of a new information architecture for fine-grained tourism demand prediction models as well as a quantification of the impact of each of the three aforementioned factors on the accuracy of the learned models. Our results have both theoretical and practical implications towards solving important touristic business demands.
The study aimed to identify the most frequent stressful life events that older persons experience while identifying the most stressful ones. It also aimed to test the hypothesis that resilience ...moderates the impact of stressful events on older persons’ well-being. The sample included 111 participants, ranging from 56 to 85 years, living independently in the community. Participants answered a demographic questionnaire, the Elders Life Stress Inventory, the shortened Psychological Well-Being Scales, and the Resilience Scale. Stressful events were analyzed according to their frequency and intensity. A mean of five events were reported by participants regarding their experiences over the last year. The most frequent events were memory deterioration, deterioration in health/behavior of a family member, death of a friend/family member, decrease in recreational activities, and personal injury/illness. The most stressful events were divorce/marital separation, parent institutionalization, and child, spouse or parent death. A main effect of resilience was found, high resilience being associated with higher well-being. A main effect of stressful events was also found, high stress being associated with less well-being. However, the interaction between resilience and stressful events did not yield a significant result. Interpersonal variations regarding psychological well-being in response to stressful life events may reveal that older people manifest different degrees of resilience, which in turn could help to reduce the impact of stress. This is an important aspect for successful aging which requires further research in order to find out factors which may enhance resilience in adversity, to promote positive outcomes through the life span.
O geoprocessamento de dados e as análises espaciais são ferramentas importantes para o estudo de fenômenos como a disseminação de doenças pelo território e ao longo do tempo. O objetivo deste estudo ...é investigar, utilizando a Análise Exploratória de Dados Espaciais (AEDE), as alterações nos padrões de distribuição geográfica da Covid-19 no Brasil em dois períodos distintos da pandemia: (i) entre abril e agosto de 2020; e (ii) entre novembro de 2020 e março de 2021. Para tanto, as estatísticas I de Moran e LISA foram aplicadas aos dados referentes a três indicadores epidemiológicos: casos acumulados, novos casos e letalidade da doença. Os resultados encontrados e as visualizações propostas apresentam uma perspectiva ampla sobre a variação nos casos de Covid-19 nas regiões brasileiras e colaboram para um melhor entendimento sobre as dinâmicas epidemiológicas no Brasil no primeiro ano da pandemia de Covid-19.
Recent research has shown that of the 72% of American Internet users who have looked for health information online, 22% have searched for help to lose or control weight. This demand for information ...has given rise to many online weight management communities, where users support one another throughout their weight loss process. Whether and how user engagement in online communities relates to weight change is not totally understood.
We investigated the activity behavior and analyze the semantic content of the messages of active users in LoseIt (r/loseit), a weight management community of the online social network Reddit. We then explored whether these features are associated with weight loss in this online social network.
A data collection tool was used to collect English posts, comments, and other public metadata of active users (ie, users with at least one post or comment) on LoseIt from August 2010 to November 2014. Analyses of frequency and intensity of user interaction in the community were performed together with a semantic analysis of the messages, done by a latent Dirichlet allocation method. The association between weight loss and online user activity patterns, the semantics of the messages, and real-world variables was found by a linear regression model using 30-day weight change as the dependent variable.
We collected posts and comments of 107,886 unique users. Among these, 101,003 (93.62%) wrote at least one comment and 38,981 (36.13%) wrote at least one post. Median percentage of days online was 3.81 (IQR 9.51). The 10 most-discussed semantic topics on posts were related to healthy food, clothing, calorie counting, workouts, looks, habits, support, and unhealthy food. In the subset of 754 users who had gender, age, and 30-day weight change data available, women were predominant and 92.9% (701/754) lost weight. Female gender, body mass index (BMI) at baseline, high levels of online activity, the number of upvotes received per post, and topics discussed within the community were independently associated with weight change.
Our findings suggest that among active users of a weight management community, self-declaration of higher BMI levels (which may represent greater dissatisfaction with excess weight), high online activity, and engagement in discussions that might provide social support are associated with greater weight loss. These findings have the potential to aid health professionals to assist patients in online interventions by focusing efforts on increasing engagement and/or starting discussions on topics of higher impact on weight change.
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