We present a medium-resolution spectroscopic survey of late-type giant stars at mid-Galactic latitudes of (30degrees < |b| < 60degrees), designed to probe the properties of this population to ...distances of ~9 kpc. The distribution of radial velocity (RV) as a function of I for these stars shows (1) the expected thick disk population and (2) local metal-rich halo stars moving at high speeds relative to the disk, which in some cases form distinct sequences in RV-I space. These results are consistent with scenarios where the stellar halo, at least as probed by M giants, arises from multiple formation mechanisms; however, when taken at face value, our results for metal-rich halo giants suggest a much higher proportion to be accreted than found by Carollo et al. and more like the fraction suggested in the analysis by Nissen & Schuster and Schuster et al.
This paper presents a homogeneous study of abundances in a sample of 79 northern Galactic planetary nebulae (PNe) whose morphological classes have been uniformly determined. Ionic abundances and ...plasma diagnostics were derived from selected optical line strengths in the literature, and elemental abundances were estimated with the ionization correction factor developed by Kingsbourgh & Barlow in 1994. We compare the elemental abundances to the final yields obtained from stellar evolution models of low- and intermediate-mass stars, and we confirm that most bipolar PNe have high nitrogen and helium abundance and are the likely progeny of stars with main-sequence mass greater than 3 M sub( ). We derive (Ne/O) = 0.27 and discuss the implication of such a high ratio in connection with the solar neon abundance. We determine the Galactic gradients of oxygen and neon and found log(O/H)/R = -0.01 dex kpc super(-1) and log(Ne/H)/R = -0.01 dex kpc super(-1). These flat PN gradients are irreconcilable with Galactic metallicity gradients flattening with time.
We present results of high-resolution (~55000) spectral observations of 830 photometrically pre-selected candidate red giants in the magnitude range of V = 9-12. We develop a pipeline for automated ...determination of the stellar atmospheric parameters from these spectra and estimate T eff, log g, Fe/H, microturbulence velocity, and projected rotational velocities, vsin i, for the stars. The analysis confirms that the candidate selection procedure yielded red giants with very high success rate. We show that most of these stars are G and K giants with slightly subsolar metallicity (Fe/H ~ --0.3 dex). An analysis of Mg abundances in the sample results in consistency of the Mg/Fe vs Fe/H trend with published results.
We present fluorine abundances in seven red giant members of the globular cluster M4 (NGC 6121). These abundances were derived from the HF (1-0) R9 line at 2.3357 km in high-resolution infrared ...spectra obtained with the Phoenix spectrograph on the Gemini South telescope. Many abundances in the target stars have been studied previously, so their overall abundance distributions are well mapped. The abundance of fluorine is found to vary by more than a factor of 6, with the super(19)F variations being correlated with the already established oxygen variations and anticorrelated with the sodium and aluminium variations. In this paper we thus add fluorine to the list of elements known to vary in globular cluster stars, and this provides further evidence that H burning is the root cause of the chemical inhomogeneities. The fact that super(19)F is found to decrease in the M4 stars, as the signature of H burning appears, indicates that the polluting stars must have masses greater than about 3.5 M sub(z), as less massive stars than this should produce, not destroy, fluorine.
O uso de material didático inclusivo que motive e estimule o desenvolvimento das funções executivas vem sendo negligenciado no ensino da matemática, no qual a inteligência é valorizada, mas não se ...empreende esforços para estimulá‐la. As causas são muitas, dentre elas o desconhecimento por parte de educadores e educandos de que a matemática envolve funções cognitivas superiores. O “senso numérico”, considerado o início inato da inteligência lógico‐matemática e o “núcleo numérico”, área cortical cerebral localizada no lobo parietal esquerdo, responsável pelo processamento de informações sensório‐motoras dependem de uma estimulação adequada para estabelecerem as bases do desenvolvimento do potencial lógico‐matemático. A oficina de atividades práticas “Cognição e Lógica” vem utilizando materiais didáticos inclusivos adaptados para deficientes visuais com o objetivo de motivar e de promover uma estimulação sensório‐motora e do raciocínio lógico através de diferentes jogos (tangram, cubo mágico, cubo soma e torre de Hanói) em diferentes níveis de dificuldades com potencial utilização para detecção de alunos com altas habilidades. Essa oficina foi aplicada de março de 2014 a maio de 2015 como parte integrante do Museu Itinerante de Neurociências, projeto desenvolvido por Ciências e Cognição ‐ Núcleo de Divulgação Científica e Ensino de Neurociências (CeC‐NuDCEN/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro) e pela Organização Ciências e Cognição (OCC). O museu visita espaços formais e não‐formais de educação visando a desmitificação sobre o sistema nervoso. Nossa experiência mostra que ações práticas de divulgação e popularização das neurociências são importantes para que esses conhecimentos cheguem à escola e atinjam educadores e educandos contribuindo para a melhoria da educação e para o crescimento do indivíduo e da sociedade.
The use of inclusive teaching materials that motivate and encourage the development of executive functions has been neglected by the mathematic teaching, in which intelligence is valued, but no efforts are made to stimulate it. There are numerous reasons for that, among which are teachers’ and students’ unawareness that mathematics involves higher cognitive functions. Both the “number sense”, considered the innate start of logical‐mathematical intelligence, and the “numeric core”, a cerebral cortical area located in the left parietal lobe which is responsible for processing sensory motor information, depend on an adequate stimulation to establish the bases of logical‐mathematical potential development. The hands‐on workshop named “Cognition and Logic” applied inclusive teaching materials adapted for visually impaired people in order to motivate and to promote sensory‐motor stimulation and logical thinking through different games (tangram, Rubik′s cube, soma cube, and tower of Hanoi) at different levels of difficulty with the potential use for detection of highly talented students. This workshop was applied since March 2014 until May 2015, as part of the Itinerant Museum of Neuroscience, project organized by Science and Cognition – Science Outreach and Neuroscience Education Center (CeC‐NuDCEN/Federal University of Rio de Janeiro) and Science and Cognition Organization (OCC). This project visits formal and non‐formal educational spaces looking for neuroscience outreach. Our data shows that neuroscience hand‐on workshops are important to promote integration between university researchers knowledge and scholars (educators and students), contributing to the improvement of education and the growth of the individual and the society.
Objetivo: Apresentar a análise de conteúdo baseada em classificação hierárquica descendente e a análise fatorial de correspondência como técnicas complementares e sequenciais, com possível aplicação ...na área de gestão da inovaçãoMétodo: Análise de conteúdo baseada em técnicas de Computer-Aided Text Analisys (CATA) por meio do software IRAMUTEQ.Originalidade/Relevância: O paradigma de pesquisa, normalmente influencia as próprias bases de conhecimento e metodologias de domínio do pesquisador. A análise de textos manual pode eventualmente ser atribuída ao paradigma interpretativista e as técnicas CATA podem ser eventualmente atribuídas ao paradigma pós-positivista, no entanto, não parece haver razão para fazer essa distinção.Resultados: Apresentação de framework que demonstra as escolhas tecnológicas das empresas mais inovadoras do mundo (Google, Apple e Amazon), as escolhas comuns e as distintas, entre elas.Contribuições teóricas/metodológicas: Desenvolvimento de método de análise de escolhas tecnológicas das empresas mais inovadoras do mundo, aplicando a análise de conteúdo com base na classificação hierárquica descendente e a análise fatorial de correspondência de forma sequencial e complementar.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: As tomadas de decisões para a gestão da inovação podem ser revistas de acordo com as escolhas tecnológicas apresentadas. A vantagem competitiva tem por natureza a distintividade. Demonstramos que não é um problema dominar as mesmas tecnologias, ou seja, empresas podem ter domínios tecnológicos similares e ainda assim terem abordagens mercadológicas diferentes.
This article aims to analyze the technological developments of packages for chilled or frozen products carrying thermochromic visual indicators to inform the cumulative thermal exposure along ...logistics chains. Thermochromic visual indicators inform the final consumer whether the product is in real and safe conditions for consumption. Through technological prospecting in the Espacenet and Institute of Industrial Property of Brazil patent databases, 75 documents were selected, and their bibliographic and technical data were analyzed through Iramuteq software to identify the technological fields related to these kinds of packages that contribute most to increasing value. Supported by a literature review, we identified “technological clusters” which promote developing products and processes. The value features related to packages were confronted to technologies found, offering a clear vision of those more advanced and those yet incipient from the value generating point of view. Contrary to intuitive conclusions, technologies employing information on means of measuring and/or indicating temperature are the most frequently present in the patent documents analyzed, comparing to ecological and economic functions.
Purpose of the study: To analyze how Applied Social Sciences (ASS) field uses patent documents in articles, in addition to non-patent literature. Methodology/approach: A Systematic Literature Review ...(SLR) was carried out, by selecting articles statistically analyzed regarding the year of publication, authors' nationality and knowledge area. Articles from the ASS area which explore technical information of patent documents were qualitatively analyzed as for content and ways patent information was used. Originality/Relevance: The use of technical information present in patent documents is unusual in articles, in which bibliographic references prevail as the main data source. Knowledge fields with interdisciplinary profile lack specific studies. Main results: The results obtained point that the ASS area explores little technical patent information, with patentometric studies prevailing. Articles that explore technical information observe on average one patent document, with a matter description based on textual data obtained from the title or abstract. Theoretical/methodological contributions: Systematization of SLR selected articles that allowed performing relevant quantitative analysis to understand how ASS researchers use information obtained from patent documents (metric analysis or exploration of technical information) for the construction of scientific knowledge. Social Contributions/Management Contributions: Potential opportunity to offer actions and tools to help students and researchers towards exploring patent bases in order to select documents relevant to the research topic.
ABSTRACT
We report evidence from APOGEE for the presence of a new metal-poor stellar structure located within ∼4 kpc of the Galactic Centre. Characterized by a chemical composition resembling those ...of low-mass satellites of the Milky Way, this new inner Galaxy structure (IGS) seems to be chemically and dynamically detached from more metal-rich populations in the inner Galaxy. We conjecture that this structure is associated with an accretion event that likely occurred in the early life of the Milky Way. Comparing the mean elemental abundances of this structure with predictions from cosmological numerical simulations, we estimate that the progenitor system had a stellar mass of ∼5 × 108 M⊙, or approximately twice the mass of the recently discovered Gaia-Enceladus/Sausage system. We find that the accreted:in situ ratio within our metal-poor (Fe/H < –0.8) bulge sample is somewhere between 1:3 and 1:2, confirming predictions of cosmological numerical simulations by various groups.
Abstract
This paper documents the seventeenth data release (DR17) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys; the fifth and final release from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). DR17 contains the complete release ...of the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey, which reached its goal of surveying over 10,000 nearby galaxies. The complete release of the MaNGA Stellar Library accompanies this data, providing observations of almost 30,000 stars through the MaNGA instrument during bright time. DR17 also contains the complete release of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 survey that publicly releases infrared spectra of over 650,000 stars. The main sample from the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), as well as the subsurvey Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey data were fully released in DR16. New single-fiber optical spectroscopy released in DR17 is from the SPectroscipic IDentification of ERosita Survey subsurvey and the eBOSS-RM program. Along with the primary data sets, DR17 includes 25 new or updated value-added catalogs. This paper concludes the release of SDSS-IV survey data. SDSS continues into its fifth phase with observations already underway for the Milky Way Mapper, Local Volume Mapper, and Black Hole Mapper surveys.
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