Two experiments (Exp.) were conducted to evaluate effects of a lysophospholipid-based bio-emulsifier (LPL) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and energy utilization of broilers as well as ...the return on investment (ROI). In Exp. 1, 392 chicks were housed in battery cages in a completely randomized design with 8 treatments and 7 replicates of 7 birds each from d 0 to 21 posthatch. In Exp. 2, 1,400 chicks were allocated in floor pens and fed the same 8 treatments, with 7 replicates and 25 birds each from d 0 to 43 posthatch. Treatments consisted of 6 degummed soybean oil-based diets: positive control (PC1); PC1 formulated with 500 g/ton LPL (PC1+LPL on top); PC1 formulated with 60 kcal LPL matrix (PC1+LPL60); PC1 formulated with 100 kcal LPL matrix (PC1+LPL100); and two negative controls NC-60 and NC-100 with reductions of 60 and 100 kcal/kg ME, respectively. Two other diets were formulated with acid soybean oil: positive control (PC2) and PC2 formulated with 60 kcal LPL matrix (PC2+LPL60). In Exp. 1, performance was evaluated from d 0 to 21, ME and ileal digestibility of DM, CP and energy were determined on d 21. In Exp. 2, growth performance was evaluated from d 0 to 42, and on d 43 carcass and abdominal fat yields were calculated. There were no effects of soybean oil sources in any parameter. Inclusion of LPL increased (P < 0.05) BW gain and ileal digestibility of DM, fat and CP. Broilers fed the PC1+LPL on top diet had increased (P < 0.05) performance, ileal digestibility and energy utilization as well as decreased abdominal fat compared to NC-60 or NC-100. The use of LPL on top had a ROI of 8:1 vs. PC1, considering the gains in revenue of the slaughtered broilers in relation to the investment with LPL in feed. In conclusion, a lysophospholipid-based bio-emulsifier increased performance, digestibility and return on investment of broilers fed standard or reformulated diets.
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a supplemental α-amylase on energy and nutrient utilization of broiler chickens fed diets with variable amounts of corn. A total of 480 slow ...feathering Cobb × Cobb 500 male broilers were randomly distributed into 10 treatments with 8 replicates of 6 birds each. Birds were fed a common starter to 14 D post-hatch. The experimental diets were provided subsequently until 25 D, which were a conventional corn-soy basal diet (CS) and a corn-soy diet displaced with 40% of corn (CN). These were fed as-is or supplemented with 40, 80, 120, or 160 kilo-Novo α-amylase units (KNU)/kg. Dietary treatments were distributed factorially as a 2 × 5 arrangement (diet type vs. amylase). Samples of feed, excreta, and ileal digesta were analyzed for determination of ileal digestible energy (IDE), ME, total tract retention, and digestibility of dry matter, protein, and fat. No interactions between diet type and amylase were observed. The CN diet had lower (P < 0.05) energy utilization and nutrient digestibility when compared to the CS diet. AMEn and IDE increased (P < 0.05) by 110 and 207 kcal/kg, respectively, when CS and CN diets were supplemented with 80 KNU/kg. The amylase added to the CS diet led to quadratic increases (P < 0.05) on growth performance, IDE, AME, and AMEn, as well as in dry matter, protein, and fat digestibility. Energy utilization and crude protein digestibility were linearly increased (P < 0.05) when amylase was added to the CN diet or the extrapolated 100% of corn. In conclusion, energy utilization, digestibility of crude protein, fat, and dry matter increased with amylase supplementation in corn-soy-based diets. When amylase was tested in a complete diet having 53.6% corn, 100 and 105 KNU/kg maximized AMEn and IDE, respectively; however, the maximum energy response in the CN diet or 100% of corn was not achieved until 160 KNU/kg, suggesting an association between amylase dose optimization and dietary starch concentration.
•The regression method allowed to determine metabolizable energy of insect meal and tilapia byproduct meal for broilers.•The metabolizable energy of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal for broilers was ...21.93 MJ/kg.•The metabolizable energy of tilapia byproduct meal for broilers was 14.29 MJ/kg.
A study was conducted to determine ileal digestible energy (IDE), metabolizable energy (ME), and nitrogen-corrected ME (MEn) of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal and Nile tilapia byproduct meal for broiler chickens using the regression method. A total of 315 slow feathering Cobb 500 male broilers were fed 5 experimental diets with 9 replicate cages of 7 birds each, in a completely randomized design. Broilers were fed a maize-soybean meal reference diet (RD) and 4 test diets (TD) from d 14 to 21 posthatch. The TD consisted of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal and tilapia byproduct meal that partly replaced the energy sources in the reference diet at 100 or 200 g/kg and 75 or 150 g/kg, respectively, such that equal ratios were maintained for all energy containing ingredients across all experimental diets. Excreta samples were collected twice daily from d 19 to 21, and ileal digesta were collected on d 21. Apparent ileal digestibility of DM, N, amino acids as well as metabolizability coefficients of DM, N, and energy were calculated. Addition of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal to the RD linearly increased (P < 0.05) ileal and total tract of DM and N digestibilities as well as IDE, ME, and MEn. For diets with Tenebrio molitor larvae meal substitution, regression equations were IDE = 21.52x – 0.0234, ME = 21.93x – 0.0189, and MEn = 20.62x – 0.0241. Addition of tilapia byproduct meal to the RD linearly decreased (P < 0.05) ileal and total tract coefficients of DM and IDE, ME, and MEn, as well as ileal digestibility of amino acids (P < 0.001). The equations for the tilapia byproduct meal diets were IDE = 12.49x – 0.0264, ME = 14.29x – 0.0152, and MEn = 11.94x – 0.0129. In conclusion, the current study showed that broiler chickens can utilize a considerable amount of energy and amino acids from insect meal or fish meal. The IDE, ME, MEn values (MJ/kg of DM) were 21.52, 21.93 and 20.62 for Tenebrio molitor larvae meal, and 12.49, 14.29 and 11.94 for tilapia byproduct meal, respectively.
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